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  • 1
    Schlagwort(e): Earthquake predition ; Ground motion prediction ; Neo-deterministic seismic hazard assessments ; Probabilistic seismic hazard assessments ; Seismic risk analysis ; Seismic wave propagation
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Issues pertaining to urban risks are a pressing concern for those involved in disasters mitigation. Development of effective mitigation strategies requires sound seismic hazard information that is commonly derived through a seismic hazard assessment (SHA). The purpose of SHA is to provide a scientifically consistent estimate of seismic hazard for engineering design and other considerations. The time is ripe to move beyond the old paradigms of the traditional Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA). This two-part volume advocates advanced methods for SHA that utilize up to date earthquake science and basic scientific principles to derive the seismic hazard in terms of a ground motion or related quantity and its occurrence frequency at a site, as well as the associated uncertainty. It aims to: 1) identify the issues in the current SHAs, 2) facilitate the development of a scientifically consistent approach for SHA and 3) disseminate, both in scientific and in engineering practice societies, advanced reliable tools for independent hazard estimates, like NDSHA (neo-deterministic SHA), which incorporates physically based ground motion models. It provides a fresh approach to seismic hazard analysis. Part 1 deals with the general issues of SHA methodology review and development, as well as with recent advances in earthquake science that may have relevant implications toward an improved SHA. It is addressed to seismologists, engineers and stake-holders, and aims to contribute to bridging between modern interdisciplinary research and practitioners.
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (366 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034800396
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Schlagwort(e): Earthquake predition ; Ground motion prediction ; Neo-deterministic seismic hazard assessments ; Probabilistic seismic hazard assessments ; Seismic risk analysis ; Seismic wave propagation
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Issues pertaining to urban risks are a pressing concern for those involved in disasters mitigation. Development of effective mitigation strategies requires sound seismic hazard information that is commonly derived through a seismic hazard assessment (SHA). The purpose of SHA is to provide a scientifically consistent estimate of seismic hazard for engineering design and other considerations. The time is ripe to move beyond the old paradigms of the traditional Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA). This two-part volume advocates advanced methods for SHA that utilize up to date earthquake science and basic scientific principles to derive the seismic hazard in terms of a ground motion or related quantity and its occurrence frequency at a site, as well as the associated uncertainty. It aims to: 1) identify the issues in the current SHAs, 2) facilitate the development of a scientifically consistent approach for SHA and 3) disseminate, both in scientific and in engineering practice societies, advanced reliable tools for independent hazard estimates, like NDSHA (neo-deterministic SHA), which incorporates physically based ground motion models. It provides a fresh approach to seismic hazard analysis. Part 2 provides advanced SHA case studies, concerning regional national and metropolitan estimates for different parts of the world, including Asia, Europe, North and South America. It is addressed to seismologists, engineers and stake-holders, and aims to contribute to bridging between modern interdisciplinary research and practitioners.
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (320 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034800914
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-24
    Beschreibung: Engineered adenovirus fiber shaft fusion homotrimer of soluble TRAIL with enhanced stability and antitumor activity Cell Death and Disease 7, e2274 (June 2016). doi:10.1038/cddis.2016.177 Authors: J Yan, L Wang, Z Wang, Z Wang, B Wang, R Zhu, J Bi, J Wu, H Zhang, H Wu, B Yu, W Kong & X Yu
    Digitale ISSN: 2041-4889
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Publiziert von Springer Nature
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2012-05-12
    Beschreibung: The tectonic setting of Mesozoic magmatic complexes in the northeastern margin of the Tibet plateau is disputed, and hence gives rise to uncertainty concerning the tectonic evolution of the northeastern Tibet Plateau and the timing of the closure of the Palaeo-Tethys ocean. The Gangcha complex is typical of these complexes, consisting of andesite, dacite, gabbro, gabbroic diorite, granodiorite, quartz diorite, and diorite with typical chemical traits of continental margin arc rocks. Andesite, gabbroic diorite, and mineralization-associated potassic-altered diorite yield weighted mean 206 Pb/ 238 U ages of 242.1 ± 1.2 Ma, 243.8 ± 1.0 Ma and 234.0 ± 0.6 Ma respectively. Zircon Hf (t) for magmatic grains ranges from –3.5 to +5.7, interpreted to demonstrate that the Gangcha complex contains crustally contaminated mantle magmas. Inherited zircons in the complex yield similar U–Pb ages (777–310 Ma) to the A’nyemaqen composite ophiolite assemblage with Hf (t) of –17.4 to +11.6. This suggests that components of this older ophiolite melted and contributed to the Gangcha complex magmas. Hence the Gangcha complex is considered to have formed as a continental margin arc in northeastern Tibet by northward subduction during consumption of the Palaeo-Tethys ocean. Regionally, it corresponds to the arc magmatism along the eastern and western Kunlun sutures to the west and the Mianlue suture to the east. Supplementary material: Geochemical data, and zircon U–Pb and Lu–Hf data for the Gangcha complex are available at www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18521 .
    Print ISSN: 0016-7649
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-04-03
    Beschreibung: Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) play important roles in leukemia initiation, progression, and relapse, and thus represent a critical target for therapeutic intervention. However, relatively few agents have been shown to target LSCs, slowing progress in the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Based on in vitro and in vivo evidence,...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Digitale ISSN: 1091-6490
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-22
    Beschreibung: The formation of phenotypic traits, such as biomass production, tumor volume and viral abundance, undergoes a complex process in which interactions between genes and developmental stimuli take place at each level of biological organization from cells to organisms. Traditional studies emphasize the impact of genes by directly linking DNA-based markers with static phenotypic values. Functional mapping, derived to detect genes that control developmental processes using growth equations, has proven powerful for addressing questions about the roles of genes in development. By treating phenotypic formation as a cohesive system using differential equations, a different approach—systems mapping—dissects the system into interconnected elements and then map genes that determine a web of interactions among these elements, facilitating our understanding of the genetic machineries for phenotypic development. Here, we argue that genetic mapping can play a more important role in studying the genotype–phenotype relationship by filling the gaps in the biochemical and regulatory process from DNA to end-point phenotype. We describe a new framework, named network mapping, to study the genetic architecture of complex traits by integrating the regulatory networks that cause a high-order phenotype. Network mapping makes use of a system of differential equations to quantify the rule by which transcriptional, proteomic and metabolomic components interact with each other to organize into a functional whole. The synthesis of functional mapping, systems mapping and network mapping provides a novel avenue to decipher a comprehensive picture of the genetic landscape of complex phenotypes that underlie economically and biomedically important traits.
    Print ISSN: 1467-5463
    Digitale ISSN: 1477-4054
    Thema: Biologie , Informatik
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-03-18
    Beschreibung: Epigenetic modifications may play an important role in the formation and progression of complex diseases through the regulation of gene expression. The systematic identification of epigenetic variants that contribute to human diseases can be made possible using genome-wide association studies (GWAS), although epigenetic effects are currently not included in commonly used case–control designs for GWAS. Here, we show that epigenetic modifications can be integrated into a case–control setting by dissolving the overall genetic effect into its different components, additive, dominant and epigenetic. We describe a general procedure for testing and estimating the significance of each component based on a conventional chi-squared test approach. Simulation studies were performed to investigate the power and false-positive rate of this procedure, providing recommendations for its practical use. The integration of epigenetic variants into GWAS can potentially improve our understanding of how genetic, environmental and stochastic factors interact with epialleles to construct the genetic architecture of complex diseases.
    Print ISSN: 1467-5463
    Digitale ISSN: 1477-4054
    Thema: Biologie , Informatik
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-11-10
    Beschreibung: Despite our expanding knowledge about the biochemistry of gene regulation involved in host–pathogen interactions, a quantitative understanding of this process at a transcriptional level is still limited. We devise and assess a computational framework that can address this question. This framework is founded on a mixture model-based likelihood, equipped with functionality to cluster genes per dynamic and functional changes of gene expression within an interconnected system composed of the host and pathogen. If genes from the host and pathogen are clustered in the same group due to a similar pattern of dynamic profiles, they are likely to be reciprocally co-evolving. If genes from the two organisms are clustered in different groups, this means that they experience strong host–pathogen interactions. The framework can test the rates of change for individual gene clusters during pathogenic infection and quantify their impacts on host–pathogen interactions. The framework was validated by a pathological study of poplar leaves infected by fungal Marssonina brunnea in which co-evolving and interactive genes that determine poplar–fungus interactions are identified. The new framework should find its wide application to studying host–pathogen interactions for any other interconnected systems.
    Print ISSN: 1467-5463
    Digitale ISSN: 1477-4054
    Thema: Biologie , Informatik
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-08-07
    Beschreibung: In animals, mtDNA is always transmitted through the female and this is termed “maternal inheritance.” Recently, autophagy was reported to be involved in maternal inheritance by elimination of paternal mitochondria and mtDNA in Caenorhabditis elegans; moreover, by immunofluorescence, P62 and LC3 proteins were also found to colocalize to sperm mitochondria...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Digitale ISSN: 1091-6490
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-09-12
    Beschreibung: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several common loci contributing to non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). However, a substantial fraction of NOA heritability remains undefined, especially those low-frequency [defined here as having a minor allele frequency (MAF) between 0.5 and 5%] and rare (MAF below 0.5%) variants. Here, we performed a 3-stage exome-wide association study in Han Chinese men to evaluate the role of low-frequency or rare germline variants in NOA development. The discovery stage included 962 NOA cases and 1348 healthy male controls genotyped by exome chips and was followed by a 2-stage replication with an additional 2168 cases and 5248 controls. We identified three low-frequency variants located at 6p22.2 (rs2298090 in HIST1H1E encoding p.Lys152Arg: OR = 0.30, P = 2.40 x 10 –16 ) and 6p21.33 (rs200847762 in FKBPL encoding p.Pro137Leu: OR = 0.11, P = 3.77 x 10 –16 ; rs11754464 in MSH5 : OR = 1.78, P = 3.71 x 10 –7 ) associated with NOA risk after Bonferroni correction. In summary, we report an instance of newly identified signals for NOA risk in genes previously undetected through GWAS on 6p22.2–6p21.33 in a Chinese population and highlight the role of low-frequency variants with a large effect in the process of spermatogenesis.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Digitale ISSN: 1460-2083
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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