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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The influence of polyunsaturated fatty acids on probiotic growth and adhesion (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 194 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The establishment of the intestinal microflora, and probiotic bacteria, may control the inflammatory conditions in the gut. As polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) possess antimicrobial activities, they may deter the action of probiotics. We assessed whether free linoleic, γ-linolenic, arachidonic, α-linolenic and docosahexaenoic acids at physiological concentrations in the growth media would influence the growth and adhesion of Lactobacillus GG (probiotic), Lactobacillus casei Shirota (probiotic) and Lactobacillus bulgaricus (dairy strain). Higher concentrations of PUFA (10–40 μg PUFA ml−1) inhibited growth and mucus adhesion of all tested bacterial strains, whilst growth and mucus adhesion of L. casei Shirota was promoted by low concentrations of γ-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid (at 5 μg ml−1), respectively. PUFA also altered bacterial adhesion sites on Caco-2 cells. Caco-2 cells grown in the presence of arachidonic acid were less adhered to by all three bacterial strains. Yet, L. casei Shirota adhered better on Caco-2 cells grown in the presence of α-linolenic acid. As the adhesion to mucosal surfaces is pivotal in health promoting effects by probiotics, our results indicate that the action of probiotics in the gut may be modulated by dietary PUFA.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb09460.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Supplying CO2 to photosynthetic algal cultures by diffusion through gas-permeable membranes (1989)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 31 (1989), S. 298-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary A method of supplying CO2 to photosynthetic algal cultures by diffusion through a gas-permeable membrane was developed. The diffusion of CO2 across a silicone membrane could be described by Fick's Laws of Diffusion, with a permeability constant of 1.92x10-7 m2/min. By the manipulation of tubing dimensions and the partial pressure or static pressure of CO2 gas within the tubing, the rate of CO2 supply could be controlled. Pure CO2 was applied to the cultivation of Chlorella pyrenoidosa with 100% utilization and without the side effect of CO2 inhibition.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00258413
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Maximum photosynthesis efficiency of biomass growth: A criticism of some measurements (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 24 (1982), S. 507-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: No abstract.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260240220
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Productivity of outdoor algal cultures in enclosed tubular photobioreactor (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 40 (1992), S. 1119-1122 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): growth irradiance ; specific growth rate ; output rate ; Chlorella pyrenoidosa ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: At quasi-steady-state outdoor cyclic fed batch cultures of Chlorella pyrenoidosa, the growth irradiance incidented on the tubular photobioreactor increased about fivefold between 9:00 a.m. and noon. Overheating of the cultures was observed, resulting in decreasing biomass output rate when culture temperature went above 40°C. In cultures with temperature control, the quasi-steady-state output rate of all cultures increased throughout the day and leveled off in the late afternoon in high-density cultures. The daily area output rate was proportional to the density of the cultures. The specific growth rate of the light-limited cultures increased only marginally (20%) in the morning. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260400917
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Correlation between steady-state cell concentration and cell death of hybridoma cultures in chemostat (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 45 (1995), S. 18-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): hybridoma ; cell death ; chemostat ; autoinhibitor ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: In the present study, the steady-state cell density (X) of chemostat cultures of murine hybridoma was varied by the concentration of glucose and glutamine in culture medium and the dissolved oxygen partial pressure. Except at low glutamine and low oxygen levels, the specific death rate (kd) of the cultures was found to decrease with increasing dilution rate (D). However, the plot of kd vs. X/D yielded linear relation, which suggests that cell death was due to a non-growth-linked inhibitory product of the cells. The kd value measured at low glutamine and low oxygen levels remained practically unchanged over a wide range of D between 0.020 and 0.029 h-1. The kd for low oxygen cultures was always lower than the values obtained in low glucose and low glutamine cultures. A low-molecular-weight component of possibly less than 3000 MW was detected to be cell-death-inducing in the supernatant of exponentially growing cultures. It was neither lactate nor ammonium. The autoinhibitor was not cell-line specific. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260450104
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Productivity of outdoor algal cultures in unstable weather conditions (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 41 (1993), S. 1003-1006 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chlorella pyrenoidosa ; biomass output ; bioenergetics growth yield ; unstable weather ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: In the outdoor cyclic fed batch cultures of Chlorella pyrenoidosa, some typical growth kinetics patterns in unstable weather conditions were observed. On cloudy days, the biomass output rate (R) was low, but the bioenergetic growth yield (Y) was generally high. In the cloudy morning-sunny afternoon condition, the values of Y were low, especially in the afternoon. In the sunny morning-cloudy afternoon condition, both R and Y were high. A few very high short-term Y values were measured during the cloudy the cloudy afternoon. © 1993 Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260411012
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of growth temperature on the bioenergetics of photosynthetic algal cultures (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 27 (1985), S. 555-561 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Two photosynthetic algal cultures, one Chlorella vulgaris, and the other a Chlorogonium sp., were cultured under light limitations in chemostats. The effects of growth temperature on their energy yield and maintenance energy requirement were studied. It was observed that a lowering in temperature resulted in a lower maximum growth yield from the light energy, YG. This was attributed to two reasons. First, at low temperatures there was a change in the algal cell composition with more energy being expended to synthesize a higher biomass protein content. Secondly, at low temperatures, a cyanide-resistant respiratory pathway became operative which led to a decrease in the number of ATP being generated. The maintenance energy coefficient was a function of temperature increasing with decreasing temperature. This might reflect energy wastage by the cell at low temperatures. The maximum specific growth rate dropped with decreasing temperature, and can be described by an Arrhenius type rate-temperature model up to the optimal temperature for growth; i.e., activation energy remained constant.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260270502
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Trends and opportunities of algal biotechnology in the Asia-Pacific region (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 7 (1995), S. 1-2 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00003543
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mixotrophic growth ofChlorella sorokiniana in outdoor enclosed photobioreactor (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 8 (1996), S. 163-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Schlagwort(e): mixotrophic ; photosynthetic ; Chlorella ; outdoor culture ; enclosed photoreactor
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Chlorella sorokiniana was cultured in heterotrophic or mixotrophic mode in outdoor enclosed tubular photobioreactor. The culture temperature was maintained at 32–35 °C. At night, theChlorella culture grew heterotrophically, and 0.1 M glucose was completely consumed. The biomass growth yield of glucose was 0.35 ± 0.001 g-biomass g-glucose−1. During the day, the algal culture grew mixotrophically and the biomass growth yield was 0.49 g-biomass g-glucose−1 in low density culture (initial biomass concentration, Xo = 2 g l−1), 0.56 g-biomass g-glucose−1 in medium density culture (Xo = 4 g l−1) and 0.46 g-biomass g-glucose−1 in high density culture (Xo = 7 g l−1). The daily area productivity of the culture, with Xo = 4 g l−1 corresponded to 127 g-biomass m−2 d−1 during the day and 79 g-biomass m−2 d−1 during the night. In all the cultures, the dissolved O2 concentration increased in the morning, reached the maximum value at noon, and then decreased in the afternoon. The dissolved CO2 concentration remained at 3 mBar in the morning and increased in the afternoon. Glycolate was not found to accumulate in culture medium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02186320
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Growth of Chlorella outdoors in a changing light environment (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 9 (1997), S. 425-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Schlagwort(e): changing irradiance ; Chlorella ; outdoor culture ; enclosed tubular photobioreactor ; carbon ; nitrogen output
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Chlorella zofingiensis was grown in semi-continuous culture in an outdoor enclosed tubular photobioreactor. At the quasi-steady state, the response of the culture to changes in photosynthetically active radiance (PAR) was studied by following closely the dissolved O2 concentration,biomass concentration and the carbohydrate and protein content of the biomass. Generally, O2 production and the output of carbon and nitrogen of the biomass showed a linear correlation with incident PAR, suggesting that the cultures were light-limited. Photoinhibition was not observed in high light adapted cultures (on a sunny day), but was observed in shade adapted cultures(cloudy days) when there was a sudden four-fold increase in PAR. The output rate of biomass nitrogen observed on sunny days was, however, lower than that measured on cloudy days. On sunny days, a rapid increase in the C/N ratio of the biomass was seen. We attribute the increase in C/N ratio on sunny days to a slower response of protein synthesis to big increases in PAR, compared to carbohydrate synthesis. The possible influence of this C and N response pattern on the productivity of outdoor algal cultures is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007987919641
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