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  • 1
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    Lithology and shear-wave velocity in Memphis, Tennessee (2003)
    In:  Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., Bonn, Pergamon, vol. 93, no. 3, pp. 986-997, pp. 1990, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Layers ; Shear waves ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Velocity depth profile ; Physical properties of rocks ; USA ; noksp ; BSSA
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 2
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    Lithology and shear-wave velocity in Memphis, Tennessee (2003)
    In:  Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Bonn, Pergamon, vol. 93, no. 3, pp. 986-987, pp. 1990, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Seismology ; Shear waves ; Velocity ; Velocity depth profile ; USA ; BSSA
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 3
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    Aspect-dependent soil saturation and insight into debris-flow initiation during extreme rainfall in the Colorado Front Range (2015)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    In: Geology
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-07-30
    Beschreibung: Hydrologic processes during extreme rainfall events are poorly characterized because of the rarity of measurements. Improved understanding of hydrologic controls on natural hazards is needed because of the potential for substantial risk during extreme precipitation events. We present field measurements of the degree of soil saturation and estimates of available soil-water storage during the September 2013 Colorado extreme rainfall event at burned (wildfire in 2010) and unburned hillslopes with north- and south-facing slope aspects. Soil saturation was more strongly correlated with slope aspect than with recent fire history; south-facing hillslopes became fully saturated while north-facing hillslopes did not. Our results suggest multiple explanations for why aspect-dependent hydrologic controls favor saturation development on south-facing slopes, causing reductions in effective stress and triggering of slope failures during extreme rainfall. Aspect-dependent hydrologic behavior may result from (1) a larger gravel and stone fraction, and hence lower soil-water storage capacity, on south-facing slopes, and (2) lower weathered-bedrock permeability on south-facing slopes, because of lower tree density and associated deep roots penetrating bedrock as well as less intense weathering, inhibiting soil drainage.
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Digitale ISSN: 1943-2682
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Geological Society of America (GSA)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
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    Diffusion of a Spherical Probe through Static Nematogens: Effect of Increasing Geometric Anisotropy and Long-Range Structure (2012)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2012-01-13
    Beschreibung: The Journal of Physical Chemistry B DOI: 10.1021/jp207346j
    Digitale ISSN: 1520-5207
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Publiziert von American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 5
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    The Solar Stormwatch CME catalogue: Results from the first space weather citizen science project (2014)
    Wiley
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    Publikationsdatum: 2014-11-01
    Beschreibung: Solar Stormwatch was the first space weather citizen science project, the aim of which was to identify and track coronal mass ejections (CMEs) observed by the Heliospheric Imagers aboard the STEREO satellites. The project has now been running for approximately 4 years, with input from 〉16000 citizen scientists, resulting in a dataset of 〉38000 time-elongation profiles of CME trajectories, observed over 18 pre-selected position angles. We present our method for reducing this data set into aCME catalogue. The resulting catalogue consists of 144 CMEs over the period January-2007 to February-2010, of which 110 were observed by STEREO-A and 77 were observed by STEREO-B. For each CME, the time-elongation profiles generated by the citizen scientists are averaged into a consensus profile along each position angle that the event was tracked. We consider this catalogue to be unique, being at present the only citizen science generated CME catalogue, tracking CMEs over an elongation range of 4 degrees out to a maximum of approximately 70 degrees. Using single spacecraft fitting techniques, we estimate the speed, direction, solar source region and latitudinal width of each CME. This shows that, at present, the Solar Stormwatch catalogue (which covers only solar minimum years) contains almost exclusively slow CMEs, with a mean speed of approximately 350 kms −1 . The full catalogue is available for public access at www.met.reading.ac.uk/spate/stormwatch . This includes, for each event, the unprocessed time-elongation profiles generated by Solar Stormwatch, the consensus time-elongation profiles and a set of summary plots, as well as the estimated CME properties.
    Print ISSN: 1539-4964
    Digitale ISSN: 1542-7390
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Publiziert von Wiley im Namen von American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 6
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    Characterization of Newly Gained Introns in Daphnia Populations (2014)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publikationsdatum: 2014-09-14
    Beschreibung: As one of the few known species in an active phase of intron proliferation, the microcrustacean Daphnia pulex is an especially attractive system for interrogating the gain and loss of introns in natural populations. In this study, we used a comparative population-genomic approach to identify and characterize 90 recently gained introns in this species. Molecular clock analyses indicate that these introns arose between 3.9 x 10 5 and 1.45 x 10 4 years ago, with a spike in intron proliferation approximately 5.2 x 10 4 to 1.22 x 10 5 years ago. Parallel gains at homologous positions contribute to 47.8% (43/90) of discovered new introns. A disproportionally large number of new introns were found in historically isolated populations in Oregon. Nonetheless, derived, intron-bearing alleles were also identified in a wide range of geographic locations, suggesting intron gain and, to a lesser degree, intron loss are important sources of genetic variation in natural populations of Daphnia . A majority (55/90 or 61.1%) of the identified neointrons have associated internal direct repeats with lengths and compositions that are unlikely to occur by chance, suggesting repeated bouts of staggered double-strand breaks (DSBs) during their evolution. Accordingly, internal, staggered DSBs may contribute to a passive trend toward increased length and sequence diversity in nascent introns.
    Digitale ISSN: 1759-6653
    Thema: Biologie
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
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  • 7
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    Genome-wide comparison of medieval and modern Mycobacterium leprae (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-06-15
    Beschreibung: Leprosy was endemic in Europe until the Middle Ages. Using DNA array capture, we have obtained genome sequences of Mycobacterium leprae from skeletons of five medieval leprosy cases from the United Kingdom, Sweden, and Denmark. In one case, the DNA was so well preserved that full de novo assembly of the ancient bacterial genome could be achieved through shotgun sequencing alone. The ancient M. leprae sequences were compared with those of 11 modern strains, representing diverse genotypes and geographic origins. The comparisons revealed remarkable genomic conservation during the past 1000 years, a European origin for leprosy in the Americas, and the presence of an M. leprae genotype in medieval Europe now commonly associated with the Middle East. The exceptional preservation of M. leprae biomarkers, both DNA and mycolic acids, in ancient skeletons has major implications for palaeomicrobiology and human pathogen evolution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schuenemann, Verena J -- Singh, Pushpendra -- Mendum, Thomas A -- Krause-Kyora, Ben -- Jager, Gunter -- Bos, Kirsten I -- Herbig, Alexander -- Economou, Christos -- Benjak, Andrej -- Busso, Philippe -- Nebel, Almut -- Boldsen, Jesper L -- Kjellstrom, Anna -- Wu, Huihai -- Stewart, Graham R -- Taylor, G Michael -- Bauer, Peter -- Lee, Oona Y-C -- Wu, Houdini H T -- Minnikin, David E -- Besra, Gurdyal S -- Tucker, Katie -- Roffey, Simon -- Sow, Samba O -- Cole, Stewart T -- Nieselt, Kay -- Krause, Johannes -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Jul 12;341(6142):179-83. doi: 10.1126/science.1238286. Epub 2013 Jun 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Archaeological Sciences, University of Tubingen, 72070 Tubingen, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23765279" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Bone and Bones/microbiology ; DNA, Bacterial/chemistry/genetics/isolation & purification ; Denmark ; Endemic Diseases/history ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Genome, Bacterial/*genetics ; Great Britain ; History, Medieval ; Humans ; Leprosy/epidemiology/history/*microbiology ; Mycobacterium leprae/*classification/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Mycolic Acids/chemistry ; Phylogeny ; Sweden ; Tooth/microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Aspect-dependent soil saturation and insight into debris-flow initiation during extreme rainfall in the Colorado Front Range (2016)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    In: Geology
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-04-28
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Digitale ISSN: 1943-2682
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 9
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    Shattered time: can a dissipative time crystal survive many-body correlations? (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2018-12-06
    Beschreibung: We investigate the emergence of a time crystal (TC) in a driven dissipative many-body spin array. In this system the interplay between incoherent spin pumping and collective emission stabilizes a synchronized non-equilibrium steady state which in the thermodynamic limit features a self-generated time-periodic pattern imposed by collective elastic interactions. In contrast to prior realizations where the time symmetry is already broken by an external drive, here it is only spontaneously broken by the elastic exchange interactions and manifest in the two-time correlation spectrum. Employing a combination of exact numerical calculations and a second-order cumulant expansion, we investigate the impact of many-body correlations on the TC formation and establish a connection between the regime where it is stable and where the system features a slow growth rate of the mutual information. This observation allows us to conclude that the TC studied here is an emergent semi-classical out-o...
    Digitale ISSN: 1367-2630
    Thema: Physik
    Publiziert von Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 10
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    Live attenuated malaria vaccine designed to protect through hepatic CD8(+) T cell immunity (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-09-10
    Beschreibung: Our goal is to develop a vaccine that sustainably prevents Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria in 〉/=80% of recipients. Pf sporozoites (PfSPZ) administered by mosquito bites are the only immunogens shown to induce such protection in humans. Such protection is thought to be mediated by CD8(+) T cells in the liver that secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). We report that purified irradiated PfSPZ administered to 80 volunteers by needle inoculation in the skin was safe, but suboptimally immunogenic and protective. Animal studies demonstrated that intravenous immunization was critical for inducing a high frequency of PfSPZ-specific CD8(+), IFN-gamma-producing T cells in the liver (nonhuman primates, mice) and conferring protection (mice). Our results suggest that intravenous administration of this vaccine will lead to the prevention of infection with Pf malaria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Epstein, J E -- Tewari, K -- Lyke, K E -- Sim, B K L -- Billingsley, P F -- Laurens, M B -- Gunasekera, A -- Chakravarty, S -- James, E R -- Sedegah, M -- Richman, A -- Velmurugan, S -- Reyes, S -- Li, M -- Tucker, K -- Ahumada, A -- Ruben, A J -- Li, T -- Stafford, R -- Eappen, A G -- Tamminga, C -- Bennett, J W -- Ockenhouse, C F -- Murphy, J R -- Komisar, J -- Thomas, N -- Loyevsky, M -- Birkett, A -- Plowe, C V -- Loucq, C -- Edelman, R -- Richie, T L -- Seder, R A -- Hoffman, S L -- 5R44AI055229-07/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 5R44AI058375-05/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 5R44AI058499-05/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 28;334(6055):475-80. doi: 10.1126/science.1211548. Epub 2011 Sep 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉U.S. Military Malaria Vaccine Program, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21903775" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Antibodies, Protozoan/blood/immunology ; Antigens, Protozoan/immunology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis/immunology ; Liver/*immunology ; Macaca mulatta ; Malaria Vaccines/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*immunology ; Malaria, Falciparum/*prevention & control ; Mice ; Middle Aged ; Plasmodium falciparum/*immunology ; Rabbits ; Sporozoites/*immunology ; Vaccines, Attenuated/administration & dosage/adverse effects/immunology ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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