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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 513 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 253 (1988), S. 631-637 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Epididymal ultrastructure ; Transcytosis ; Protein transport ; Fluid-phase endocytosis ; Epididymal arterial perfusion ; Rat (Sprague-Dawley) ; Golden hamster ; Mouse (CB6/F1)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The transport of protein across the cells of the epididymal epithelium was studied using horseradish peroxidase. Transient vascular perfusion of the epididymis of the rat and golden hamster was achieved by pulsatile retrograde infusion into the testicular artery. Peroxidase was found in the interstitium and in the epithelium, located in vesicles, vacuoles and multivesicular bodies of principal, clear and apical cells. Similar findings were obtained in mice after systemic injection of the tracer. In the rat, discharge to the lumen was confirmed by the appearance of enzyme activity in luminal fluid from the caput epididymidis after local injection. The extent of transport amounted to no more than what has been considered leakage in physiological experiments, and the time-course of appearance complemented that found by electron microscopy. The level of transcytosis after pulsatile administration of peroxidase in vivo, as judged from the occurrence of tracer in the epithelium, was much less than that obtained during constant immersion in vitro. The protein was present in multivesicular bodies of principal cells and in vesicles of clear cells at short times after presentation in vitro, when it could not have arrived by endocytosis from the lumen. This suggests that routing of basal endocytic vesicles to the lysosomal apparatus occurs.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 38 (1994), S. 347-355 
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Schlagwort(e): Diamide ; dithiothreitol ; CASA ; Sperm kinematics ; Motility maintenance ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A method for objective quantification of hamster sperm movement parameters as an indicator of maturation along the epididymis was established using a computerised system. Analysis of spermatozoa released into medium from five epididymal regions showed that the most drastic increases in percentage motility and curvilinear velocity (VCL) occurred from the distal corpus to the beginning of the proximal cauda and in straight-line velocity (VSL) from the beginning to a more distal site within the proximal cauda region. Both high osmolarity (400 mOsm/kg) and the thiol-oxidising agent diamide (10 μM) increased flagellar straightness of distal corpus spermatozoa, but VSL was increased only with the latter. The thiol-reducing agent dithiothreitol (DTT, 1mM) stimulated and maintained percentage motility and velocities of spermatozoa from the caput, stimulated only percentage motility of distal corpus sperm, but decreased velocities of those from the proximal cauda in prolonged incubation. In rats, diamide increased path straightness but not velocities of caput spermatozoa and yet caused immotility within 15 min, whereas DTT prolonged the maintenance of in vitro motility. The slight increases in kinematic parameters in the presence of DTT were enhanced by a 2-min preincubation with diamide. The finding that the effects of DTT and diamide were not compensatory suggests that the influence of the SH/S-S status on sperm movement is multifaceted, with decreasing sensitivity to stimulation upon sperm maturation. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 226 (1982), S. 407-425 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Luminal perfusion ; Rat epididymis ; Epithelial structure ; Absorption ; Water transport
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The appearance of the rat epididymal epithelium changed when it was perfused in vivo through the lumen with unphysiologically high sodium ion concentrations; dilatation of intercellular spaces (ICS) at threshold concentrations of 30mM-Na+ in the cauda and about 55mM-Na+ in the corpus was associated with absorption of water from the lumen. Despite the distended ICS, junctional complexes appeared intact, and their integrity was confirmed by the exclusion of luminal horseradish peroxidase (HRP) from the ICS, and by demonstrating that circulating [3H]inulin did not enter the lumen. Smooth ER and lipid droplets in the principal cells of the corpus epididymidis were well maintained, and the preservation of granular ER in principal cells of the cauda epididymidis lent morphological support to the continued secretion of protein in this segment. However, occasional distension or involution of inner Golgi cisternae was evident in principal cells after 3–6 h perfusion. In contrast to multivesicular bodies of principal cells, the apical and basal vacuoles characteristic of clear cells changed in size with different perfusing solutions. When low Na+ concentrations were perfused large translucent vacuoles were frequently found in the apical cytoplasm of clear cells in the corpus and cauda epididymidis, and filled vacuoles became larger and showed a decrease in content density in the cauda epididymidis. These large vacuoles were absent from tissue perfused with high Na+ concentrations. Normal pinocytotic activity of both cell types was demonstrated by perfusing HRP which was taken up by the normal route in principal cells, with some transfer to the Golgi cisternae. By far the most HRP was accumulated in clear cell vacuoles irrespective of the composition of the perfusing solution.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Epididymis ; Efferent ducts ; Cell culture ; Immunocytochemistry ; Immunoprecipitation ; Man
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The way in which the human epididymis modifies spermatozoa during their sojourn in this structure might be clarified by knowledge of the nature of its secretions. We have examined the presence of several lysosomal hydrolases in human epididymal tissue and fluids, and their synthesis and secretion by monolayer cultures. Tissues were obtained from men undergoing orchidectomy for prostatic carcinoma. The enzymes cathepsin D and acid α-glucosidase were localised in the lysosomes of epithelial cells from the corpus epididymidis, by an immunocytochemical technique. Cathepsin D was also found in epithelial cells of the efferent ducts within lysosomes, apical vesicles and multivesicular bodies. No immunolocalisation of acid glucosidase in the efferent ducts or on the microvilli of the corpus was demonstrable. Cathepsin D, β-hexosaminidase (N-acetylglucosaminidase) and α-glucosidase were measurable in the luminal fluid from the human corpus epididymidis; β-hexosaminidase was secreted into the culture medium by confluent monolayers of epididymal and efferent duct cells. Immunoprecipitation of cell extracts and culture medium of these cultures incubated with 35S-methionine revealed that the precursors of cathepsin D and β-hexosaminidase were synthesized and secreted by such monolayers. Thus, active lytic enzymes are secreted by the human epididymis and could modify sperm membranes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 256 (1989), S. 567-572 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Epididymis ; Monolayer culture ; Directed secretion ; Phosphatases ; Glucosaminidase ; Rat (Sprague-Dawley)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A cell culture system is characterised for monolayers of immature rat epididymal epithelial cells grown on permeable supports. Cover of the filters was achieved by days 4–5 and was maintained for 9–12 days. The secretion of acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) into apical and basal compartments of culture chambers was monitored with time in culture for cells from the proximal and distal epididymis of 37-day-old animals. There was independent secretion of the three enzymes: secretion of NAG and AKP was mainly apical, that of ACP basal; daily secretion of ACP and AKP was constant throughout culture, that of NAG declined; there was greater secretion of NAG and AKP by cells from the proximal than the distal region. The initial high apical secretion of NAG is thought to reflect loss of enzyme from unattached cells, whereas the later AKP secretion is truly directional. Secretion was not influenced by the enzymes used in cell preparation. The cytotoxic agent Thimerosal inhibited secretion of all enzymes when placed beneath the cultures, indicating that secretion depended on viable cells, but initially stimulated release of AKP when applied above the cells possibly reflecting release from the cell membrane.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 256 (1989), S. 573-580 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Epididymis ; Epithelium ; Monolayer culture ; Histochemistry ; Electron microscopy ; Rat (Sprague-Dawley)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) were localised histochemically in fixed cells from the 37-day-old rat epididymis grown in static monolayer culture for 2–8 days. ACP and NAG were cytosolic enzymes found in perinuclear positions, whereas staining of AKP was consistent with a membranous position. These enzymes were also examined in frozen tissue sections of the epididymis, from rats of the equivalent age, where NAG had intense activity in both supra- and infra-nuclear cytoplasm and ACP was more active apically. For the first time AKP was localised along basolateral membranes of the epithelium and in the lumen of the mid-caput region. The monolayer in culture was of principal cells only and they maintained their polarity and ultrastructural characteristics, but the height of the cells was reduced compared to that obtained in situ.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Reproductive system, male ; Ductuli efferentes ; Epithelial cells ; Cell culture ; Monolayer cultures ; Man
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The culture of epithelial cells lining human efferent ducts, obtained from prostatic carcinoma patients, is described. Ciliated cells were observed to beat for at least one month on plastic. On pervious filters low cuboidal cells characterized the monolayers. Cells comprising monolayers over the filter were 5 to 9 μm in height whereas taller cells were found over the original fragments (14 μm). Some non-ciliated cells contained dark and light vacuoles, others were found to lack them. Both non-ciliated and ciliated cells maintained tight junctional complexes restricting the paracellular movement of horseradish peroxidase. Both types of cultured cells exhibited fluid-phase and adsorptive endocytosis from both apical and basal surfaces. It is reported for the first time that the monolayers form high resistance barriers (150 Ω cm2) that prevent the apical medium from draining to the basal compartment over 24 h.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 248 (1987), S. 527-530 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Epididymal ultrastructure ; Peroxidase ; Protein transport ; Fluid-phase endocytosis ; Sprague-Dawley rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Experiments were performed to clarify the debate over the entry of circulating proteins into the epididymal lumen by use of the marker horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Epididymal tubules from the caput epididymidis of the rat were immersed in medium TC 199 containing HRP (3.5 mg/ ml) for 5 min to 3 h at 33° C. Sections were examined for the presence of tracer within the epithelial cells by electron microscopy. From 5 min to 3 h, vesicles containing peroxidase reaction products were found throughout the cytoplasm of the principal cells. Vesicles occurred close to both the basal and apical membranes, and many were found opening into the interstitial space and lumen, depending on the length of incubation. By 5 min labelled vesicles were infrequently found in the apical part of the cells. Reaction product was observed in the epididymal lumen adhering to the microvilli from 30 min of incubation onwards. At all periods of incubation peroxidase was present at the base of the epithelium and between the cells, but it was never found within the tight junctional complexes, and no reaction deposits were found within epithelial cells of tubules incubated in the absence of peroxidase. It is concluded that large molecules leaving the capillaries may enter the epididymal lumen in the caput by means of fluid-phase endocytosis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Epididymis ; Efferent ducts ; Cell culture ; Immunocytochemistry ; Immunoprecipitation ; Man
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. The way in which the human epididymis modifies spermatozoa during their sojourn in this structure might be clarified by knowledge of the nature of its secretions. We have examined the presence of several lysosomal hydrolases in human epididymal tissue and fluids, and their synthesis and secretion by monolayer cultures. Tissues were obtained from men undergoing orchidectomy for prostatic carcinoma. The enzymes cathepsin D and acid α-glucosidase were localised in the lysosomes of epithelial cells from the corpus epididymidis, by an immunocytochemical technique. Cathepsin D was also found in epithelial cells of the efferent ducts within lysosomes, apical vesicles and multivesicular bodies. No immunolocalisation of acid glucosidase in the efferent ducts or on the microvilli of the corpus was demonstrable. Cathepsin D, β-hexosaminidase (N-acetylglucosaminidase) and α-glucosidase were measurable in the luminal fluid from the human corpus epididymidis; β-hexosaminidase was secreted into the culture medium by confluent monolayers of epididymal and efferent duct cells. Immunoprecipitation of cell extracts and culture medium of these cultures incubated with 35S-methionine revealed that the precursors of cathepsin D and β-hexosaminidase were synthesized and secreted by such monolayers. Thus, active lytic enzymes are secreted by the human epididymis and could modify sperm membranes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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