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  • Articles  (86)
  • Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology  (86)
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  • Articles  (86)
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  • 1
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    Determination of Mechanism for Soot Oxidation with NO on Potassium Supported Mg-Al Hydrotalcite Mixed Oxides (2011)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-07
    Description: Soot oxidation with NO (in the absence of gas phase O 2 ) on potassium-supported Mg-Al hydrotalcite mixed oxides (K/MgAlO) was studied using a temperature-programmed reaction and in situ FTIR techniques. Nitrite and the ketene group were identified as the reaction intermediates and thus a nitrite-ketene mechanism was proposed in which surface active oxygen on K sites of K/MgAlO is transferred to soot by NO through nitrites. In the absence of gas phase O 2 , soot oxidation with NO at lower temperatures (below 450 °C) is limited by the amount of active oxygen on the K sites. This kind of active oxygen is not reusable but can be replenished in the presence of gas phase O 2 . Soot oxidation with NO on K/MgAIO was studied by temperature-programmed reaction and in situ FTIR. The nitrite and the ketene group were identified as the reaction intermediates and thus a nitrite–ketene mechanism was proposed, in which surface active oxygen on K sites is transferred to soot by NO through nitrites, forming the ketene group.
    Print ISSN: 0930-7516
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-4125
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Wiley
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  • 2
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    Recent Advances in Microbial Fuel Cells Integrated with Sludge Treatment (2012)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2012-09-26
    Description: Microbial fuel cells (MFCs), which can directly convert chemical energy in organic matters into electricity, have drawn a lot of attention in the past decades. Recently, MFCs have been integrated with waste-activated sludge (WAS) treatment for recovering energy from WAS. Since 2004, a number of publications regarding this topic have been published. The recent advances in MFCs powered by WAS are critically reviewed. MFC reactor designs, MFC performances, and sludge degradation efficiencies are addressed based on the recent related publications. The challenges and corresponding enhancement measures of MFCs using WAS as fuel are also discussed. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a promising technology for the production of electricity from waste-activated sludge (WAS). A critical review on recent progresses in MFCs powered by WAS summarizes related publications on MFC reactor designs, MFC performan-ces, and sludge degradation efficiencies. Challenges and corresponding enhancement measures of MFCs applying WAS as fuel are discussed as well.
    Print ISSN: 0930-7516
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-4125
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 3
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    Solubility Measurement and Stability Study of Sodium Cefuroxime (2014)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-02-19
    Description: Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data DOI: 10.1021/je400938a
    Print ISSN: 0021-9568
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5134
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 4
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    Simultaneous Removal of NO and SO2 from Flue Gas by UV/H2O2/CaO (2012)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2012-09-05
    Description: The effects of several influencing factors (CaO and H 2 O 2 concentration, gas flow, solution temperature, NO, SO 2 , O 2 and CO 2 concentration) on the simultaneous removal of NO and SO 2 from flue gas by using a UV/H 2 O 2 /CaO process were studied. In addition, the anions in the liquid phase were measured by ion chromatography and the material balances for NO and SO 2 were calculated. It was found that, under all experimental conditions, this process achieved a SO 2 removal efficiency of 100 %. With the increase in CaO concentration, NO removal efficiency first increased and then remained almost unchanged. With the increase in H 2 O 2 concentration, NO removal efficiency increased but the changes gradually became smaller. NO removal efficiency greatly decreased with increasing gas flow, NO concentration and CO 2 concentration. Slightly increasing the solution temperature and SO 2 concentration reduced NO removal efficiency. Increasing O 2 concentration can promote the removal of NO. The anions in the liquid phase were mainly SO 4 2– and NO 3 – . Most of the low valence nitrogen elements in NO and the low valence sulfur elements in SO 2 transformed into the high valence nitrogen element in NO 3 – and the high sulfur element in SO 4 2– . The effects of several influencing factors (CaO and H 2 O 2 concentration, gas flow, solution temperature, NO, SO 2 , O 2 and CO 2 concentration) on the simultaneous removal of NO and SO 2 from flue gas by using a UV/H 2 O 2 /CaO process were studied in a UV bubbling column reactor. It was found that, under all experimental conditions, this process achieved a SO 2 removal efficiency of 100 %.
    Print ISSN: 0930-7516
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-4125
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 5
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    Gas-Liquid Mass Transfer Characteristics in a Rotating-Drum Bioreactor (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-09-05
    Description: The oxygen volumetric mass transfer coefficient is a key parameter to characterize the performance of aerobic bioreactors. A novel rotating-drum bioreactor (RDB) fitted with a sparger as proposed in a previous work has demonstrated its excellent gas-liquid mass transfer performance. To provide primary information on the design and scale-up of the novel RDB, effects of reactor configuration including the number and width of lifters and operation conditions such as rotational speed, aeration rate, and solid volume fraction on mass transfer performance were systematically investigated in a new medium-sized RDB. Compared with the stirred bioreactor and traditional RDBs, this new RDB exhibits better mass transfer performance. Taking both operational and reactor configuration parameters into consideration, an empirical correlation to predict the volumetric mass transfer coefficient in this type of RDBs was proposed which is valuable for its design and scale-up. The effects of reactor configuration and operation conditions on mass transfer performance were investigated in a new medium-sized rotating-drum bioreactor (RDB). Compared with the stirred bioreactor and traditional RDBs, the novel bioreactor exhibits a better mass transfer performance. An empirical correlation to predict the volumetric mass transfer coefficient is proposed for the design of a bioreactor.
    Print ISSN: 0930-7516
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-4125
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 6
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    Power Consumption of Liquid and Liquid/Solid Systems in a Rotating-Drum Bioreactor (2013)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-06
    Description: Rotating-drum bioreactors combine the advantage of quiescent environment with mild shear stress for microbial growth. Power consumption is a vital parameter to evaluate the performance of reactors. To provide primary information for design and optimization of the rotating-drum bioreactor, the effects of lifter arrangement conditions including number of lifters, lifter width and mounted angles, and operation conditions such as rotational speed, aeration rate, and solid volume fraction on power consumption were tested. Based on the experimental data, correlations for the power consumption of liquid and liquid/solid systems were proposed. The effects of lifter arrangement and operation conditions on power consumption in a rotating-drum bioreactor (RDB) were investigated. Empirical correlations of the power number related to reactor configuration and operation parameters are proposed for liquid and liquid/solid systems to estimate the power consumption for RDB design and scale-up.
    Print ISSN: 0930-7516
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-4125
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 7
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    Influence of Carbon Dioxide on the Thermal Degradation Process of Representative Components of Combustible Solid Wastes Using Thermogravimetric–Mass Spectrometry (2017)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-07-28
    Description: Energy & Fuels DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b01226
    Print ISSN: 0887-0624
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5029
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 8
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    A Bioelectrochemically-Assisted Membrane Bioreactor for Simultaneous Wastewater Treatment and Energy Production (2013)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-10-31
    Description: A bioelectrochemically-assisted membrane bioreactor (BEAMBR), integrating a microbial fuel cell with a membrane bioreactor, was developed for energy recovery and efficient wastewater treatment. The stainless-steel membrane module with biofilm, served not only as dynamic membrane separation device but also as biocathode. The effluent turbidity reached 0.8 NTU after stable operation, and particle with average size larger than 1.14 μm were effectively rejected from the mixed liquor by the dynamic membrane. The BEAMBR successfully removed the chemical oxygen demand and ammonium. With increasing hydraulic retention time and decreasing volumetric organic loading rate, the power production in this reactor was enhanced. The results showed that the BEAMBR is a promising process for efficient energy recovery and wastewater treatment. Water scarcity and increasing energy demands are two major problems of modern society. A bioelectrochemically-assisted membrane bioreactor (BEAMBR) for simultaneous wastewater treatment and energy generation was developed. A stainless-steel membrane served as not only separation membrane but also as biocathode. A maximal power density of 8.62 W m –3 was achieved and main pollutants also removed.
    Print ISSN: 0930-7516
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-4125
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Soluble and Bound Peroxidases in Green Asparagus (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 48 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Soluble and ionically bound peroxidases were extracted from green asparagus with 0.05M sodium phosphate (pH 7.0) and the same buffer containing 1.0M NaCl, respectively. The two forms of peroxidase have been purified 237 and 53 fold, respectively, through ammonium sulphate fractionation, and successive chromatography on Sephacryl S-200 and ConA Sepharose 4B columns. Eleven isoenzymes with different pI values were detected from the soluble form using isoelectric focusing and eight from the ionically bound form. The two forms of perooxidase showed a similar optimum pH range of 4.2–5.0 using three kinds of hydrogen donor with different buffers. The optimum temperature of the two peroxidase forms at pH 4.5 was around 50°C. Heat inactivation of both forms at 70° and 90°C was observed to be biphasic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1983.tb03504.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical Modification of Pigskin Gelatin: Factors Affecting the Esterification of Gelatin with Fatty Acid (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 66 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : This study investigated the esterification of pigskin gelatin with fatty acid catalyzed by acid in aqueous medium. Factors affecting the esterification reaction B temperature, pH, water content, fatty acid concentration, fatty acid type and reaction time- were elucidated in the view of optimizing the reaction. Under the same experimental conditions, increase in fatty acid concentration permitted the determination of the maximum amount of fatty acid that could be esterified per unit weight of gelatin and demonstrated that not all the hydroxyl functional groups present in the gelatin could be blocked by the fatty acid chains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2001.tb15209.x
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