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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An experimental test of the genetic component of the ontogenetic habitat shift in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ecology of freshwater fish 7 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0633
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract— Fry of the Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, were experimentally stocked into a small fish-free lake to test the hypothesis that the size-dependent habitat shift from the epibenthic to the pelagic habitat is genetically determined. The charr originated from a nearby lake inhabiting predatory brown trout Salmo trutta. The cohort of stocked charr was investigated for three years. The Arctic charr started to exploit the pelagic habitat in their first summer at a size of 7–9 cm in contrast to about 15 cm in the donor lake. In the next two summers, the pelagic fraction of the cohort increased. The main fraction lived in epibenthic areas, utilizing the same prey as pelagic charr. Water temperature moderated the habitat use of juveniles such that they avoided warm (〉16°C) waters and resided in cool, deep areas. The result was consistent with the hypothesis of a tradeoff between feeding benefit and the predation risk producing spatial segregation of Arctic charr and demonstrated that the fish can facultatively respond to predation risk and adjust the size at which they migrate to the pelagic zone to feed on zooplankton.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.1998.tb00187.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential Mortality Rates of Fin-Clipped and Carlin-Tagged Roach (Rutilus rutilus L.) (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of applied ichthyology 1 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0426
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Roach were marked by fin-clipping (N= 15888) or tagged with Carlin-tags (N= 1476) during their spawning migration in two tributaries to Lake Årungen, Norway, in 1980. A total of 1746 of these roach were recaptured during spawning in 1981. The recapture rate of fin-clipped roach was significantly higher than the recapture rate of Carlin-tagged roach, probably due to differential mortality rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.1985.tb00415.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resource partitioning and spatial segregation in native and stocked brown trout, Salmo trutta L., and Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.), in a hydroelectric reservoir (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 23 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Habitat use, food and spatial segregation in native and stocked brown trout, Salmo trutta L., and Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.), were studied during summer 1989 and 1990 in the hydroelectric reservoir Lake Tunhovdfjorden. There was no difference in habitat use and feeding habits between wild and stocked brown trout. In epibenthic areas brown trout lived chiefly down to 2 Secchi disc units, whereas Arctic charr were most abundant between 1 and 4 Secchi disc units. In pelagic areas the catches were low for both species, and they were chiefly confined to surface waters down to 1 Secchi disc unit. The food segregation between brown trout and Arctic charr was almost complete. Both pelagic and epibenthic Arctic charr fed mainly on cladocerans (Bosmina longispina and Daphnia galeata), whereas surface insects of terrestrial origin and Arctic charr were the dominant food items for brown trout. Pelagic Arctic charr were significantly older, larger and more homogeneous in size than epibenthic charr. During calm weather schools of Arctic charr were observed cruising with the dorsal fin above the surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1992.tb00805.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of hatchery-reared and naturally produced Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., juveniles based on examination of otoliths (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 23 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: . Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., parr and smolts from three Norwegian rivers were examined with respect to whether or not they had been released from a hatchery. The hatchery background was known for some released fish and could be ascertained for others from their aberrant body morphology and eroded fins. Fish released after one winter in a hatchery had opaque otoliths like the fish examined from two hatcheries. Naturally produced fish showed a distinct, seasonal growth pattern in the otoliths, alternating between opaque summer zones and hyaline winter zones. Fish released as fry showed an otolith pattern similar to that of naturally produced fish. A test revealed little discrepancy between two independent otolith readings even though the test reading was conducted without any information about the fish accompanying the otoliths. The results suggest that examination of otoliths may help distinguish between juveniles that are hatchery-reared and juveniles that are naturally produced in the river, provided that the hatchery-reared fish have a 1-year history in the hatchery prior to release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1992.tb00614.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resource use, growth and effects of stocking in alpine brown trout, Salmo trutta L. (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 22 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Wild and stocked brown trout, Salmo trutta L., were sampled in the alpine Norwegian Lake Bjornesfjorden by standard net gangs and commercial fishery. Stocked fish comprised about 30% of the total stock. There was no significant difference in spatial distribution and diet between native and stocked fish. Both groups used the littoral zone, and Gammarus lacustris and Lepidurus arcticus were the main food items. Stocked brown trout reached a specific length one year younger than corresponding wild fish. Therefore stocked brown trout entered the commercial catch one year younger than the native fish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1991.tb00765.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Habitat use, size and age structure in sympatric brown trout (Salmo trutta) and Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) stocks: resistance of populations to change following harvest (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ecology of freshwater fish 5 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0633
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract– Habitat use and population dynamics in brown trout Salmo trutta and Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus were studied in an oligotrophic lake over a period of 10 years. Previous studies showed that the species segregated by habitat during summer. While brown trout occupied the surface water down to a depth of 10 m, Arctic charr were found deeper with a maximum occurrence at depth 10–15 m. Following the removal of a large number of intermediate sized fish in 1988–89, habitat segregation between the species broke down and Arctic charr were found in upper waters, while brown trout descended to deeper waters. The following year, both species were most frequently found in surface waters at depths of 0–5 m. During the last four years, the species reestablished their original habitat segregation despite another removal experiment of intermediate-sized fish in 1992–1994. The removal of fish resulted in an increased proportion of large (≥ 25 cm) fish in both species. Furthermore, the charr stock responded by reduced abundance and increased size-at-age. The results revealed plasticity and strong resistance to harvest populations of brown trout and Arctic charr. This is probably due to internal mechanisms of intraspecific competition within each population, which result in differential mortality among size classes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.1996.tb00036.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Density of juvenile brown trout and Atlantic salmon in natural and man-made riverine habitats (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ecology of freshwater fish 4 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0633
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The density of juvenile brown trout (Sulmo trutta L.) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) was significantly higher along river bank areas protected against erosion than along natural river banks in the River Gaula, Central Norway. A habitat shift appeared in Atlantic salmon, and a behavioural shift was demonstrated by brown trout from August October. The effect of habitat on densities of juvenile salmonids should be taken into account as mitigation measures on eroded river banks and when assessing fish production in rivers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.1995.tb00127.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term variation in piscivory in a brown trout population: effect of changes in available prey organisms (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Ecology of freshwater fish 11 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0633
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract – The piscivorous behaviour in a brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) population was studied in four discrete periods over seven decades (1917–94) in the hydroelectric reservoir Tunhovdfjord in Norway established in 1919. Piscivorous brown trout were extremely scarce prior to the introduction of two fish species Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.) and European minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus L.) in the 1920s. Brown trout started eating minnow at 17 cm and Arctic charr at 22 cm of length. In the 1950s, the brown trout predated extensively (60% of analysed trout) on Arctic charr and minnow. During the next four decades, the incidence of piscivorous brown trout declined to 15%, whereas the frequency of brown trout eating Arctic charr remained constant at 10%. The growth pattern, expressed as back-calculated length, demonstrated similarity in three periods (1920s, 1960s and 1990s) and improved growth in the 1950s. The improvement was addressed the impoundment of a reservoir upstream. We did not find any marked change in growth rate due to piscivority, but coefficient of variance of back-calculated lengths indicated significant variation in individual growth in age group ≥6 years from 1950 onwards. We accredit this variation to the rise of piscivorous brown trout.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0633.2002.00020.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of water discharge and temperature on the seaward migration of anadromous browntrout, Salmo trutta, smolts (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ecology of freshwater fish 10 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0633
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract – The smolt run of anadromous brown trout (Sulmo trutta) in a Norwegian river was studied for three consecutive years. The main run occurred in a period of 7–10 days in the middle or second half of May. Support was found for the hypothesis that high water discharge and temperature triggered the run. Few smolts descended when the discharge was low (〈50 m3· s−1) and the water temperature was below 4°C. The maximum number were caught when the discharge was moderate (70–150 m3· s−1) and the water temperature high (68°C). The relative importance of these factors varied from year to year. The first-year discharge explained 38% of the variation in the number of smolts migrating. Discharge and temperature together explained 61% in 1992 and 28% in the second and third year, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2001.tb00195.x
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  • 10
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    Atmospheric Emission and Plant Uptake of Mercury from Agricultural Soils near the Almadén Mercury Mine (1980)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0047-2425
    Electronic ISSN: 1537-2537
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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