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  • Articles  (142)
  • Springer  (142)
  • Medicine  (102)
  • Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering  (66)
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  • Articles  (142)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The human B lymphocyte activation antigen B7 provides regulatory signals for T lymphocytes as a consequence of binding to its ligands CD28 and CTLA-4. The cDNA for B7 has previously been isolated and predicted to encode a type I membrane protein. The predicted polypeptide has a secretory signal peptide followed by two contiguous Ig-like domains, a hydrophobic transmembrane region and a short cytoplasmic tail. Here we report the exon-intron genomic organization of human B7 and the chromosomal location. The gene has six exons that span approximately 32 kilobases of DNA. Exon 1 is not translated and the second exon contains the initiation ATG codon and encodes a predicted signal peptide. This gene structure is characteristic for several eukaryotic genes with tissue-specific expression. The third and fourth exons correspond to two Ig-like domains whereas the fifth and sixth exons encode respectively the trans-membrane portion and the cytoplasmic tail. This close relationship between exons and functional domains is a characteristic feature of genes of the Ig superfamily. Cell surface expression of the B7 gene product has previously been mapped to human chromosome 12 by antibody reactivity with the B7-specific monoclonal antibody BB-1. We here demonstrate that theB7 gene is located to theq21-qter region of chromosome 3 by DNA blot analysis of human × rodent somatic cell hybrids.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 44 (1996), S. 485-486 
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A cluster of at lest six interferon-γ (IFNγ)-inducible genes designated Ifi201-204 and located on mouse chromosome 1 has recently been described. Here , we report a human IFN-γ-inducible gene, IFI 16, which has nucleotide sequence similarity with portions of two of the mouse genes, Ifi202 and Ifi204. A full-length cDNA clone derived from IFI 16 [2.709 kilobases (kb)] contained a single open reading frame of 2.187 kb which encoded a putative polypeptide of 729 amino acids and a predicted non-glycosylated M r of 80020. IFI 16 mRNA was found to be constitutively expressed in lymphoid cells and in cell lines of both the T and B lineages. By contrast, the mRNA was not expresed by the cell lines HL-60, U937, and K562, which represent early stages of myeloid development, but was strongly inducible in HL-60 and U937 with IFN-γ. The IFI 16 protein demonstrated a putative domain structure with patchy similarity to the proteins expressed from gene Ifi202 and Ifi204. The mouse and human proteins each contain two analogous ≈200 amino acid domains which are imperfect copies, but IFI 16 demonstrated additional unique regions, including a Lys-rich N-terminal portion and a “spacer” region between the reiterated domains, analogous to spacer regions in the CD5 and CD8α molecules. Using a panel of inter-species somatic cell hybrid cell lines, IFI 16 was localized to the chromosomal region 1q12→1qter, a region systenic between mouse an man. DNA blotting indicated that, in contrast to the mouse, IFI 16 is present as a single copy gene in the human genome. The authors are pleased to make the cDNA clones described in this paper available to interested investigators.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 10 (1973), S. 225-226 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromosoma 29 (1970), S. 462-473 
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Swarming locusts show three physical criteria, i.e. the phase changes of melanisation of the nymphal stages or hoppers, of the proportions of certain body parts (morphometric ratios), and increased genetic recombination (meiotic chiasma frequencies) in the adult. The control of these changes, initiated by aggregation into swarms, i.e. gregarisation, seems to be vested in a pheromone which is produced by all hoppers in both the solitaria and gregaria phases, also by hoppers of the albino strain. Such a pheromone can be extracted from the locust room air and from the locust, these extracts showing high activity in bioassays, primarily in increased chiasma frequencies but also in hopper colour. The extract in risella oil is more efficient than that in petroleum ether and can be distilled to yield an active distillate. The pheromone is secreted in the faeces of hoppers but not of adults. There is evidence in faeces bioassays that all three physical criteria are affected; the pheromone may be called locustone. It is manufactured or secreted in a specific section of the alimentary canal, i.e. the crop. Reception is not through the antennae but through the stigmata. Preliminary chemical analysis of a risella oil air extract distilled into various other solvents showed the presence of a relatively simple saturated aliphatic chain with a carbonyl function, perhaps a ketone or an ester.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 61 (1998), S. 175-181 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 33 (1981), S. 545-548 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: calmodulin ; calcium ; mineralisation ; tooth germ
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Calmodulin, a calcium binding protein, has been implicated in the regulation of many calcium-dependent biological processes. Since calcium has an important role in hard tissue genesis, both at intra- and extracellular levels, we anticipate that calcium binding proteins may modulate this process. The present study investigated a mineralising tissue, the rat molar tooth germ, to determine the presence of calmodulin-like activity. A heat-treated cell-free extract of tooth germs provided enhancement of Ca2+-dependent Mg2+-ATPase and 3′:5′-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity. No enhancement occurred in the absence of calcium or in the presence of trifluoperazine. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of this extract revealed a protein band of approximately 18,000 mol. wt. These findings indicate the presence of calmodulin-like activity in rat molar tooth germs and support the proposal that calcium and calcium binding proteins, in particular calmodulin, have a major regulatory role in the biology of mineralising tissues.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 117 (1992), S. 63-70 
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: glycogen phosphorylase ; alloxan-diabetes ; cardiomyocytes ; G-protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The basis for the hypersensitive response of glycogen phosphorylase to epinephrine stimulation was investigated in adult rat cardiomyocytes isolated from normal and alloxan-diabetic animals. To assess potential G-protein involvement in the response, normal and diabetic derived myocytes were incubated with either cholera or pertussis toxin prior to hormonal stimulation. Pretreatment of cardiomyocytes with cholera toxin resulted in a potentiated response to epinephrine stimulation whereas pertussis toxin did not affect the activation of this signaling pathway. To determine if the enhanced response of phosphorylase activation resulted from an alteration in adenylate cyclase activation, the cells were challenged with forskolin. After 3 hr in primary culture, diabetic cardiomyocytes exhibited a hypersensitive response to forskolin stimulation relative to normal cells. However, after 24 hr in culture, both normal and diabetic myocytes responded identically to forskolin challenge. The present data suggest that a cholera toxin sensitive G-protein mediates the hypersensitive response of glycogen phosphorylase to catecholamine stimulation in diabetic cardiomyocytes and this response which is present in alloxan-diabetic cells and is induced in vitro in normal cardiomyocytes is primarily due to a defect at a post-receptor site.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: cardiomyocytes ; SV40 large T antigen ; retroviral infection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Freshly isolated ventricular myocytes have been used extensively as an adult cardiac model system. Due to their inability to undergo cytokinesisin vitro and their dedifferentiated properties in long-term culture, they can not be used for extended studies. Recent reports tell of the establishment of fetal and neonatal cardiac cell lines and the development of adult cardiomyocytes from transgenic animals. A recent report by Kirshenbaum [1], is the first to demonstrate insertion of genes in to adult ventricular myocytes using viral infection. This paper discusses the infection of primary adult differentiated cardiomyocytes with the SV40 large T antigen and subsequent proliferation under temperature sensitive control. Upon further characterization, the cells could be used as a model to study muscle differentiation and repair as well as adult cardiac cell physiology.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental management 20 (1996), S. 865-872 
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: KEY WORDS: Biodiversity; Ecosystem management; Ecological stewardship; Sustainable development; Assessment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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