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  • Articles  (28)
  • Springer  (28)
  • Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM)
  • 1985-1989  (11)
  • 1920-1924  (1)
  • 1905-1909  (16)
  • Chemistry and Pharmacology  (28)
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  • Articles  (28)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: etintidine ; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) ; solid extraction ; determination of etintidine in plasma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes a new, rapid solid extraction method for the determination of etintidine in plasma. The method employs a semiautomatic sample preparation system. Plasma samples and the internal standard (cimetidine) were applied onto octyl-bonded silica extraction columns. The extraction columns were then subjected to Tris buffer and water wash and were subsequently loaded onto an automatic sample injection system. The contents of the extraction columns were eluted on-line with a mobile phase of acetonitrile:methanol:0.1% ammonium hydroxide (85:10:5, by volume) onto a silica analytical column and detected by UV absorption at 229 nm. The chromatographic condition separates etintidine from some of its metabolites and other endogenous components in plasma. The detection limit for etintidine was 0.02–0.05 µg/ml when 0.2 ml of plasma was used. This method has been used for the determination of plasma etintidine levels in humans and mice after oral administration of etintidine and was found to be suitable for pharmacokinetic/bioavailability studies of etintidine in humans and animals. The method can also be used for the quantitative determination of cimetidine and certain metabolites of etintidine.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Reviews of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology 23 (1924), S. 212-273 
    ISSN: 1617-5786
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Kurz zusammengefasst sind die wichtigsten, hier niedergelegten Tatsachen folgende: Es wurde eine Methode für die totale Entfernung der Leber bei Hunden ausgebildet, welche frei von den meisten Fehlerquellen ist, die früheren Exstirpationsmethoden des Organs bei Säugetieren anhaften. Es wurde gefunden, dass eine geeignete Einführung von Glukose bei derart operierten Hunden das Leben viele Stunden nach Verlust des gesamten Lebergewebes erhält. Von den vielen an hepatektomierten Tieren gemachten Beobachtungen möchten wir hervorheben, 1. dass die Leber zur Erhaltung des Blutzuckerspiegels absolut wesentlich ist; 2. dass die Leber der wichtigste Faktor, wenn nicht der einzige, bei dem Prozess der Desamidierung und der Harnstoffbildung ist, und 3. dass Bilirubin auch ohne Mitwirkung der Leber gebildet werden kann.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical chemistry accounts 72 (1987), S. 475-484 
    ISSN: 1432-2234
    Keywords: Desorption ; Phonons ; Thermal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A model for one-phonon thermal desorption is presented in which the structure of the substrate phonons, expressed as a projection on a surface atom of the phonon density of states, appears as a separate factor in the angle- and energy-resolved desorption rate. Desorption from both localized, and delocalized initioladatom states is considered. Under certain circumstances one can obtain the cosine-distribution of the equilibrium theory, but in general, the desorption flux from delocalized states deviates from the cosine law by being peaked away from the surface normal, whereas for localized initiol states, the flux is concentrated more in the normal direction.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: FTIR ; rapid-scan ; thermal analysis ; nitrate salts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A new experiment is described to advance the mechanistic description of fast thermal decomposition chemistry related to preignition and ignition. The technique is illustrated with data for ethylenediammonium dinitrate which displays separable thermochemical events in the condensed phase that correlate with the nature of the products evolved to the gas phase.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Keywords: intraperitoneal interleukin 2 ; ovarian carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Seven patients with refractory stage III ovarian carcinoma were treated with escalating doses of human recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2) administered via the intraperitoneal (IP) route in an attempt to establish a dose and schedule of rIL-2 suitable for prolonged outpatient IP administration. Three patients went on to receive outpatient maintenance treatment twice weekly for 2–3 months. Doses ranged from 105 to 5 × 107 U/m2. The dose found most suitable for twice weekly outpatient IP administration was 106 U/m2. Dose-limiting toxicities consisted of diarrhea resulting in hypovolemia (5 patients) fever and chills (4 patients), nausea and vomiting (1 patient), mental status changes (2 patients), and azotemia (1 patient). These side effects were not prevented by indomethacin. Significant hypotension was not observed. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed extremely high IP concentrations of IL-2 which persisted for more than 24 hours. After a dose of 106 U/m2, the IP concentrations ranged from 670 to 760 U/ml. In one patient in whom concurrent serum concentrations were determined, the IP concentrations were over 100-fold higher than serum levels. After a dose of 107 U/m2, the IP concentrations of IL-2 ranged from 8700 to 14000. Concurrent serum levels in one patient revealed IP concentrations over 500-fold higher than serum levels. There were no consistent changes in T cell surface and activation markers on mononuclear cells from peripheral blood in 3 patients tested. Natural killer cell (NK) activity in peripheral blood increased in the three patients in whom it was measured. Four of the 7 patients progressed on treatment; 3 patients remained stable. We conclude that 106 U/m2 of rIL-2 is well-tolerated when administered by the IP route and that concentrations of IL-2 well in excess of that required to enhance cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro persist in the IP fluid for at least 24 hours.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 48 (1909), S. 692-698 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 48 (1909), S. 429-433 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Keywords: doxorubicin ; iproplatin ; breast cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Forty-eight patients with advanced breast cancer were treated in a disease-specific phase I trial of doxorubicin and iproplatin combination chemotherapy. The doses of doxorubicin ranged between 30 and 50 mg/m2, and the doses of iproplatin ranged between 150 and 250 mg/m2. Myelosuppression was observed at all levels, but was dose-limiting at the highest level. In addition, nausea, diarrhea and malaise were prominent toxicities. Neither cardiac nor renal toxicity was encountered. Nine of 26 (35%) of previously untreated patients, and 5 of 22 (23%) previously treated patients demonstrated partial or complete responses. Although this combination possesses therapeutic activity, given its toxicities, further evaluation of doxorubicin in combination with iproplatin is not recommended.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Keywords: breast cancer ; Iproplatin ; CHIP ; phase II study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-five women with advanced breast cancer were treated in a phase II trial of iproplatin 275 mg/m2 administered intravenously every 4 weeks. All patients had measurable or evaluable indicator lesions, and had undergone treatment with no more than one previous chemotherapy regimen, including adjuvant chemotherapy. Two of the twenty-four evaluable patients (8%) experienced major therapeutic responses. One patient had a complete regression of pulmonary nodules lasting 18 + months; another had a partial regression of metastatic disease in the liver (4 months). The inevaluable patient was ineligible for the study because of previous radiation to the indicator lesions on her chest wall; nonetheless, she experienced a 10 month partial regression of those nodules. Myelosuppression was generally dose limiting; thrombocytopenia was more profound, but leukopenia was more prolonged. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and general malaise were prominent toxicities, and led to discontinuation of therapy in 4 patients. Iproplatin has limited activity in previously treated women with advanced breast cancer.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 15 (1987), S. 557-568 
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: etintidine ; propranolol ; 4-hydroxypropranolol ; interaction ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Etintidine HCl is a potent H2 -blocker. The effect of clinical doses of etintidine on the disposition of a single oral dose of propranolol was investigated in 12 normal subjects. This was a double-blind, two-way crossover study. Each subject received etintidine (400 mg) or placebo twice a day with meals for 4 days on two occasions (separated by 4 days). On each occasion, the subjects were fasted overnight on Day 3 and were given an oral dose of Inderal® (40 mg propranolol hydrochloride) 30 min following the administration of the morning dose of etintidine or placebo on Day 4. Blood samples were collected prior to and up to 24 hr following the administration of propranolol. The plasma samples were analyzed for propranolol and 4-hydroxypropranolol by HPLC. Comparison of the pharmacokinetic parameters of propranolol between etintidine and the placebo groups indicates that etintidine significantly increased the AUC0−∞,values (573.5 vs. 146.4 ng·hr/ml, p=0.0001)and prolonged the elimination half-life (4.61 vs. 2.33 hr) of propranolol. Statistical evaluation of the pharmacokinetic parameters of 4-hydroxypropanolol indicates that etintidine also increased the AUC0−24 values (43.8 vs. 16.4 ng·hr/ml, p=0.0028) and prolonged the elimination half-life (4.87 vs. 1.97 hr) of 4-hydroxypropranolol. The data suggest that etintidine, like cimetidine, impaired the elimination of propranolol. Etintidine also protracted the elimination of 4-hydroxypropranolol, an active metabolite of propranolol.
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