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  • Articles  (436)
  • Geosciences  (436)
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  • Articles  (436)
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  • 1
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    Thermodynamic structure of the convective boundary layer (CBL) over the Indian monsoon region during CAIPEEX campaigns (2017)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-22
    Description: Spatial and temporal variability in the convective boundary layer (CBL) height for the Cloud Aerosol Interaction and Precipitation Enhancement Experiment (CAIPEEX) study period are examined using the data collected from high-resolution radiosondes during May–September 2009 over the Indian monsoon region. In total, 57 radiosonde launchings were carried out at ∼ 11:00–17:00 IST over six different stations covering a large geographical region, ranging from latitude ∼ 13 to 32° N and longitude 73 to 92° E. Of the total 57 launchings, 17 were made during cloudy conditions during which relative humidity (RH) was found to be greater than 83 % for an ∼ 1.0 km layer at various altitudes below 6 km. Within the layer the difference between saturated equivalent potential temperature and equivalent potential temperature is small, and it satisfies the condition that RH 〉 83 % for about 1 km is considered as the cloudy layer. There are eight cases when the cloud-topped boundary layer (CTBL) and 19 cases when fair-weather boundary layer (FWBL) is observed. The CBL heights are obtained using thermodynamic profiles, which vary from ∼ 0.4 to 2.5 km a. g. l.  The formation of the cloud layers above the boundary layer generally lowers the CBL height and is responsible for its day-to-day variability. The development of the cloud beneath the boundary layer generally elevates the CBL, which is also responsible for the large day-to-day variability in the CBL. The FWBL identified using relative invariance of the thermodynamic profiles varies from ∼ 2.0 to 5.5 km, which is clearly marked by a local minimum in the refractivity gradient. During cloudy days, the CBL is found to be shallow and the surface temperature lower when compared to clear-sky days. The CBL and the lifting condensation level (LCL) heights are randomly related and are found to be at a lower height during cloudy days when compared to clear-sky days. Finally, the typical comparison between the CBL height obtained using thermodynamic profiles and backscattering profiles using Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) is examined.
    Print ISSN: 0992-7689
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0576
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 2
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    Remote-sensing-based estimates of the fundamental global water cycle: Annual cycle (2005)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Electronic ISSN: 2156-2202
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Annealing studies on radiation damages in biotite, apatite and sphene and corrections to fission track ages (1974)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 112 (1974), S. 131-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary Fission track ages need to be corrected for the loss of fossil tracks due to geological and thermal annealing. The range distribution of full-length tracks can yield such corrections if calibration curves translating length reductions into density reductions are available. The study of the annealing characteristics of the three terrestrial minerals, i.e. biotite, apatite and sphene, as functions of temperature and time, has been completed from this point of view. A linear relation has been observed between etchable track length and track density, but slopes and intercepts of the curves tend to vary from mineral to mineral. Over-etching shows significant effect in retrieving partially faded tracks in the case of biotite only, and track density reduction always lags behind track length reduction. In apatite and sphene track density is reduced in the same proportion as track length when length reduction is ∼30 to 50%. For length reductions 〈10%, track density remains nearly unaffected and for length decrease 〉50% the density reduction progressively outweighs the former. The possible reasons for such variations and the usefulness of the calibration curves are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00875927
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fission track ages of cogenetic minerals of the Nellore mica belt of India (1974)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 112 (1974), S. 140-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary Fission track ages of three cogenetic minerals, i.e. muscovite, apatite and biotite, from the Nellore mica belt of India have been determined. Corrections to the observed ages due to geological annealing of fossil tracks have been computed by comparative study of the track lengths of fossil as well as induced fission tracks. An attempt has been made to infer the thermal history of the region in the light of different annealing behaviours of minerals and the discordance in their ages. The muscovite age of 632±15 m.y. corresponds to the occurrence of major metamorphic event and the apatite age of 446±10 m.y. appears to coincide with the time when the thermal conditions in the region became stable. The muscovite age can be reconciled with the biotite age (487±17 m.y.) when its track length distribution curve is interpreted on a two-stage thermal annealing model and the necessary corrections are applied for the decrease of fossil track density.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00875928
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uranium contents in minerals by fission track method (1973)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 102 (1973), S. 153-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary Uranium concentration in feldspar, pyroxene and carbonate groups of minerals has been studied by using the induced fission track technique. Fractions of homogeneously and heterogeneously distributed uranium have been estimated by differential counting. The suitability of studied minerals for fission track geochronology is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876602
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fission track ages of mica belts and some other precambrian muscovites of India (1971)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 87 (1971), S. 174-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary The ages of forty six muscovite samples obtained from mines in the three main mica belts of India, viz. Bihar, Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh, and areas around Delhi have been measured using improved fission track dating technique. The effect of geological annealing in the samples has been assessed and suitable correction applied to the ages, wherever required; also, uranium concentration has been measured in tight cleavages so as to avoid errors due to epigenetically introduced uranium. The ages agree with the main orogenic-metamorphic cycles in the respective regions and also the ages of pegmatites measured by other radiometric methods. The ages of the three belts have been measured as follows: Bihar mica belt, 700–1100 m.y.; Rajasthan mica belt and Delhi samples 700–1050 m.y.; Andhra Pradesh (Nellore) mica belt, 470–650 m.y. Occurrence of metamorphic event ∼600 m.y. in Rajasthan is supported by the age of one of the samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00878922
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Understanding fluid mud in a dynamic environment (1991)
    Springer
    Geo-marine letters 11 (1991), S. 113-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The generation, transportability and dewatering of fluid mud under current- and wave-induced forcing is a multi-variate problem that requires knowledge not only of mud density and composition, but also of rheology, which ultimately characterizes mud dissipative properties. It is, therefore, self-evident that the predictive accuracy of mathematical modeling, a powerful tool for simulating mud dynamics, will depend strongly on the reliability of rheological description. Defining the state of mud solely in terms of density, as done commonly, only leads to ambiguities in quantifying the rates of transport of fluid mud.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02430995
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initiating a structural study of 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate aldolase from Escherichia coli (1999)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 55 (1999), S. 1946-1948 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: 2-Keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate aldolase (KDPG aldolase, E.C. 4.1.2.14) is a member of the pyruvate/phosphoenolpyruvate aldolase family. It is also a synthetically useful enzyme, capable of catalyzing the stereoselective aldol addition of pyruvate to a range of unnatural electrophilic substrates. The recombinant protein was purified by a two-step HPLC protocol involving anion-exchange and hydrophobic chromatography. Dynamic light-scattering experiments indicated the protein to be monodisperse. Crystals were obtained using the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method, with PEG 6K as precipitant. Diffraction data were collected on a frozen crystal to a resolution of 2.26 Å on station PX9.6 at the Daresbury synchrotron. The crystal belongs to space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 53.2, b = 77.9, c = 146.8 Å.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444999011166
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A taxane diterpenoid from the needles of Taxus wallichianaCIMAP Communication No. 2001-53Ja. (2001)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. o1158-o1160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5368
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The title compound, 10,13-deacetyl-abeo-baccatin IV, C28H40O12, crystallized in space group P1. The molecular structure shows that the B/C ring junction is trans-fused, while the A ring is in a syn conformation with respect to the C ring and anti with respect to the D ring. The conformations of the individual rings differ from each other. The molecule as a whole adopts a cage-type folded conformation. Intra- and intermolecular O—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds, together with van der Waals interactions, stabilize the crystal structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1600536801018773
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discussion of Associations Between Rural Land Uses and Ground Water Quality in the Ogallala Aquifer, Northwest Texas by Paul F. Hudak (2002), Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation, v. 22, no. 4, pages 117–120 (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water monitoring & remediation 23 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2003.tb00699.x
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