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  • 1
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    Left ventricular hypertrophy: pathogenesis, detection, and prognosis (2000)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: No abstract available
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Circulation (ISSN 0009-7322); Volume 102; 4; 470-9
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  • 2
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    Genetic dissection of cardiac growth control pathways (2000)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Cardiac muscle cells exhibit two related but distinct modes of growth that are highly regulated during development and disease. Cardiac myocytes rapidly proliferate during fetal life but exit the cell cycle irreversibly soon after birth, following which the predominant form of growth shifts from hyperplastic to hypertrophic. Much research has focused on identifying the candidate mitogens, hypertrophic agonists, and signaling pathways that mediate these processes in isolated cells. What drives the proliferative growth of embryonic myocardium in vivo and the mechanisms by which adult cardiac myocytes hypertrophy in vivo are less clear. Efforts to answer these questions have benefited from rapid progress made in techniques to manipulate the murine genome. Complementary technologies for gain- and loss-of-function now permit a mutational analysis of these growth control pathways in vivo in the intact heart. These studies have confirmed the importance of suspected pathways, have implicated unexpected pathways as well, and have led to new paradigms for the control of cardiac growth.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Annual review of physiology (ISSN 0066-4278); Volume 62; 289-319
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  • 3
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    TAK1 is activated in the myocardium after pressure overload and is sufficient to provoke heart failure in transgenic mice (2000)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The transforming-growth-factor-beta-activated kinase TAK1 is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase family, which couples extracellular stimuli to gene transcription. The in vivo function of TAK1 is not understood. Here, we investigated the potential involvement of TAK1 in cardiac hypertrophy. In adult mouse myocardium, TAK1 kinase activity was upregulated 7 days after aortic banding, a mechanical load that induces hypertrophy and expression of transforming growth factor beta. An activating mutation of TAK1 expressed in myocardium of transgenic mice was sufficient to produce p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in vivo, cardiac hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, severe myocardial dysfunction, 'fetal' gene induction, apoptosis and early lethality. Thus, TAK1 activity is induced as a delayed response to mechanical stress, and can suffice to elicit myocardial hypertrophy and fulminant heart failure.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Nature medicine (ISSN 1078-8956); Volume 6; 5; 556-63
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  • 4
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    Experiment D008: Radiation in the Spacecraft (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-30
    Description: The ionization and penetration power of various primary and secondary radiations that were present within the Gemini spacecraft was studied. This was accomplished by measurement of the contributions to dose according to profile, particle type, time, and position (location) within the spacecraft. Both active- and passive-dosimetry data collected in this experiment showed that no radiation hazard was associated with manned space operations within the Gemini spacecraft at altitudes as great as 310 kilometers in the South Atlantic anomaly region. This conclusion is warranted also by theoretical calculations.
    Keywords: PHYSICS, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND NUCLEAR
    Type: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center The Gemini Program: Phys. Sci. Expt. Sum.; p 227-272
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  • 5
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    A comparison of measured to calculated dose for the Gemini-4 and 6 space flights and WL-304 space probe (1968)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-13
    Description: Space radiation environment shielding /Spares/ codes for determining radiation dosages on board Gemini 4 and Gemini 6 spacecrafts and in model environment
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NASA, WASHINGTON PROTECT. AGAINST SPACE RADIATION 1968; P 581-610
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  • 6
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    Experiment d-8, radiation in spacecraft gemini iv (1965)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-10
    Description: Gemini IV measurements of radiation environment in inner Van Allen belt and South Atlantic anomaly region - ionizing and penetrating power of primary and secondary radiations
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
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  • 7
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    Advanced dosimetry systems for the space transport and space station (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Advanced dosimetry system concepts are described that will provide automated and instantaneous measurement of dose and particle spectra. Systems are proposed for measuring dose rate from cosmic radiation background to greater than 3600 rads/hr. Charged particle spectrometers, both internal and external to the spacecraft, are described for determining mixed field energy spectra and particle fluxes for both real time onboard and ground-based computer evaluation of the radiation hazard. Automated passive dosimetry systems consisting of thermoluminescent dosimeters and activation techniques are proposed for recording the dose levels for twelve or more crew members. This system will allow automatic onboard readout and data storage of the accumulated dose and can be transmitted to ground after readout or data records recovered with each crew rotation.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA, Washington Proc. of the Natl. Symp. on Nat. and Manmade Radiation in Space; p 944-957
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Experimental active and passive dosimetry systems for the NASA Skylab program (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Active and passive dosimetry instrumentation to measure absorbed dose, charged particle spectra, and linear energy transfer spectra inside the command module and orbital workshop on the Skylab program were developed and tested. The active dosimetry system consists of one integral unit employing both a tissue equivalent ionization chamber and silicon solid state detectors. The instrument measures dose rates from 0.2 millirad/hour to 25 rads/hour, linear energy transfer spectra from 2.8 to 42.4 Kev/micron, and the proton and alpha particle energy spectra from 0.5 to 75 Mev. The active dosimeter is equipped with a portable radiation sensor for use in astronaut on-body and spacecraft shielding surveys during passage of the Skylab through significant space radiations. Data are transmitted in real time or are recorded by onboard spacecraft tape recorder for rapid evaluation of the radiation levels. The passive dosimetry systems consist of twelve (12) hard-mounted assemblies, each containing a variety of passive radiation sensors which are recoverable at the end of the mission for analysis.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA, Washington Proc. of the Natl. Symp. on Nat. and Manmade Radiation in Space; p 958-973
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  • 9
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    An intelligent position-specific training system for mission operations (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Marshall Space Flight Center's (MSFC's) payload ground controller training program provides very good generic training; however, ground controller position-specific training can be improved by including position-specific training systems in the training program. This report explains why MSFC needs to improve payload ground controller position-specific training. The report describes a generic syllabus for position-specific training systems, a range of system designs for position-specific training systems, and a generic development process for developing position-specific training systems. The report also describes a position-specific training system prototype that was developed for the crew interface coordinator payload operations control center ground controller position. The report concludes that MSFC can improve the payload ground controller training program by incorporating position-specific training systems for each ground controller position; however, MSFC should not develop position-specific training systems unless payload ground controller position experts will be available to participate in the development process.
    Keywords: CYBERNETICS
    Type: NASA-TM-108381 , NAS 1.15:108381
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Thermal expansion accommodation in a jet engine frame (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Design advancements to enhance stress accommodation in gas turbine engine frames are described. Consideration is given to mechanical stiffness to maintain an adequate spring rate, and to thermal stresses in both ambient and transient modes. Noting that thermal stresses occur due to differing temperatures at different parts of the frame, the matching of the thermal expansion rates of different structural materials is emphasized. Adequate stiffness is necessary to avoid dynamic reactions leading to case cracking as a result of normal imbalances of moving parts. Stress and deflection analysis of a total frame concept using a three-dimensional finite element stress analysis computer program, with modelling of all frame components, is presented, and illustrations are provided.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
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