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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A discrete-vortex model was developed to account for the hazardous effects of the vortex trail issued from the edges of separation of a large leading wing on a small trailing wing. The model is divided into three main parts: the leading wing and its near wake, the near and far wakes of the leading wing, and the trailing wing and the portion of the far wake in its vicinity. The normal force, pitching moment, and rolling moment coefficients for the trailing wing are calculated. The circulation distribution in the vortex trail is calculated in the first part of the model where the leading wing is far upstream and hence is considered isolated. A numerical example is solved to demonstrate the feasibility of using this method to study interference between aircraft. The numerical results show the correct trends: The following wing experiences a loss in lift between the wing-tip vortex systems of the leading wing, a gain outside this region, and strong rolling moments which can change sign as the lateral relative position changes. All the results are strongly dependent on the vertical relative position.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center Advan. in Eng. Sci., Vol. 4; p 1321-1330
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A vortex-lattice technique is developed to model unsteady, incompressible flow past thin wings. This technique predicts the shape of the wake as a function of time; thus, it is not restricted by planform, aspect ratio, or angle of attack as long as vortex bursting does not occur and the flow does not separate from the wing surface. Moreover, the technique can be applied to wings of arbitrary curvature undergoing general motion; thus, it can treat rigid-body motion, arbitrary wing deformation, gusts in the freestream, and periodic motions. Numerical results are presented for low-aspect rectangular wings undergoing a constant-rate, rigid-body rotation about the trailing edge. The results for the unsteady motion are compared with those predicted by assuming quasi-steady motion. The present results exhibit hysteretic behavior.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center Vortex-Lattice Utilization; p 407-421
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  • 3
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Exact kinematic description of a NASA proposed prototype foldable-deployable discrete space crane are presented. A computer program is developed which maps the geometry of the crane once controlling parameters are specified. The program uses a building block type approach in which it calculates the local coordinates of each repeating cell and then combines them with respect to a global coordinates system.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-176360 , NAS 1.26:176360
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Identification of structures which exhibit modal interactions is considered, and the difficulties experienced due to these interactions are examined. Free oscillations of quadratically and cubically coupled pairs of oscillators are analytically studied to illustrate nonlinear interactions between structural modes involved in two-to-one and one-to-one frequency relationships. In light of this study, results obtained from application of the eigensystem realization algorithm toward identification of a beam-mass structure with a two-to-one frequency relationship and quadratic coupling are presented and discussed.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 92-0491
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An investigation is conducted into the determination of the credibility of interacting boundary layers in predicting compressible subsonic flows over smooth surface imperfections. The case of smooth backward-facing steps is considered. The predicted mean flows are compared with those obtained using a Navier-Stokes solver. Moreover, the linear 2-D compressible stability characteristics of both mean flows are compared. The results show that the interacting boundary-layer formulation produces accurate mean flows that yield accurate linear stability characteristics, such as growth rates and amplification factors.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-CR-184962 , NAS 1.26:184962 , NR-4325201
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The energy equivalence to construct equivalent continua for the actual lattice structure is described. An energy equivalent continuum is defined as that which has the same amount of strain and kinetic energies stored in it as the original lattice structure when both are subjected to the same loading conditions. The equivalent continuum is characterized by its strain and kinetic energies from which the constitutive relations and the equations of motion can be derived. A simple method to model large rigid jointed lattices as continuous media with couple stresses is presented. The transition from the discrete system to the continuous medium is achieved by expanding the displacements and the rotations of the nodal points in a Taylor series about a suitable chosen origin. Basic kinematic assumptions are introduced to insure that the assumptions used in deriving the governing equations of the modeled continuum are satisfied. The number of terms retained in the Taylor series expansion will depend upon the properties to be evaluated. This implies that the kind of continuum needed to model from the discrete lattice, before the actual properties are derived was to predetermined.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center Res. in Struct. and Dyn., 1984; p 197-217
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A nonlinear analysis is developed for sound propagation in a variable-area duct in which the mean flow approaches choking conditions. A quasi-one-dimensional model is used and the nonlinear analysis represents the acoustic disturbance as a sum of interacting harmonics. The numerical procedure is stable for cases of strong interaction and is able to integrate through the throat region without any numerical instability.
    Keywords: ACOUSTICS
    Type: Journal of Sound and Vibration; 75; Apr. 8
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: GEOMLLS program determines dimensions and coordinates of flat segmented triangular surfaces that approximate spherical and paraboloidal surfaces of revolution, where vertexes of triangles lie on true surface. GEOMLLS calculates complete geometry of segmented surface and quantities that measure surface accuracy, such as maximum deviation and root-mean-square deviation from true surface.
    Keywords: MECHANICS
    Type: LAR-12888 , NASA Tech Briefs (ISSN 0145-319X); 6; 4; P. 429
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  • 9
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Goertler instability for boundary-layer flows over generally curved walls is considered. The full-linearized disturbance equations are obtained in an orthogonal curvilinear coordinate system. A perturbation procedure to account for second-order effects is used to determine the effects of the displacement thickness and the variation of the streamline curvature on the neutral stability of the Blasius flow. The streamwise pressure gradient in the mean flow is accounted for by solving the nonsimilar boundary-layer equations. Growth rates are obtained for the actual mean flow and compared with those for the Blasius flow and the Falkner-Skan flows. The results demonstrate the strong influence of the streamwise pressure gradient and the nonsimilarity of the basic flow on the stability characteristics.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Physics of Fluids; 24; Aug. 198
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A computer code based on the wave-envelope technique is used to perform detailed numerical calculations for the intensification and refraction of sound in converging hard walled and lined circular ducts carrying high mean Mach number flows. The results show that converging ducts produce substantial refractions toward the duct center for waves propagating against near choked flows. As expected, the magnitude of the refraction decreases as the real part of the admittance increases. The pressure wave pattern is that of interference among the different modes, and hence the variation of the magnitude of pressure refraction with frequency is not monotonic.
    Keywords: ACOUSTICS
    Type: Journal of Sound and Vibration; 73; Dec. 22
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