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  • 1
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    Oxygen isotope fractionation in stratospheric CO2 (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A new cryogenic collection system has been flown on board a balloon gondola to obtain separate samples of ozone and carbon dioxide without entrapping major atmospheric gases. Precision laboratory isotopic analysis of CO2 samples collected between 26 and 35.5 km show a mass-independent enrichment in both O-17 and O-18 of about 11 per mil above tropospheric values. Ozone enrichment in its heavy isotopes was 9 to 16 percent in O3-50 and 8 to 11 percent in O3-49, respectively (Schueler et al., 1990). A mechanism to explain the isotope enrichment in CO2 has been recently proposed by Yung et al. (1991). The model is based on the isotope exchange between CO2 and O3 via O(1D), resulting in a transfer of the ozone isotope enrichment to carbon dioxide. Predicted enrichment and measured values agree well.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 18; 669-672
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  • 2
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    Near-infrared absorption spectra of (O-16)3 and (O-18)3 - Adiabatic energy of the 1A2 state? (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The band positions and isotope shifts for the weak vibronic bands of O3 near 1 micron are determined experimentally using a low-resolution dual-beam absorption spectrometer with a 0.2-m holographic-grating monochromator and identical absorption chambers of volume about 600 cu cm and optical path length 46 cm. The experimental setup and procedures and the signal-processing methods applied are described, and the results are presented in tables and graphs. It is found that the adiabatic energy of the 1A2 state lies 9990 + or - 70/cm (1.24 + or - 0.01 eV) above the electronic ground state, close to the O + O2 dissociation limit. The applicability of the present results to studies of O3 in the upper atmosphere is indicated.
    Keywords: ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Chemical Physics (ISSN 0021-9606); 93; 3826-383
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  • 3
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    Ozone isotope measurements in the stratosphere (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Mass spectrometer measurements of ozone made during two balloon flights included its heavy isotopes at mass 49 and 50. Both flights were flown during the day and during summer from Palestine, TX. At float altitudes above 42 km the enrichments in heavy ozone were 41 percent and 23 percent, respectively. The enrichment appears to be mass independent since, at high altitudes, both 49 and 50 show the same enhancement. During the descent the enrichment in heavy ozone decreased, faster during the first flight than during the second, reaching values between 15 and 20 percent above 30 km. Near and below this altitude another increase is observed. During a night flight, previously reported, an enhancement in heavy ozone of over 40 percent at 32 km was found, decreasing both toward higher and lower altitudes.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 14; 80-83
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  • 4
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    Precision ozone calibration system based on vapor pressures of ozone (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A precision ozone calibration system for stratospheric research has been developed and evaluated. Vapor pressures above solid ozone are mixed with a carrier gas (N2) to produce stratospheric ozone mixing ratios at total pressures of 1 to cover 20 torr. The uncertainty in the ozone mixing ratios is approximately + or - 1.5 percent, the stability of ozone is + or - 0.3 percent. Experiments to be calibrated may sample the gas mixture over a wide range of flow rates; the maximum throughput of gas with corrections of less than 1 percent to ozone is about 200 torr 1/min. A mass spectrometer system continuously monitors the purity and stability of the N2-O3 gas mixture.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Review of Scientific Instruments (ISSN 0034-6748); 58; 1063-106
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  • 5
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    Temperature dependence of the ozone absorption cross section at the 253.7-nm mercury line (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The temperature dependence of the ozone absorption cross section at 253.7 nm has been measured between 195 and 351 K. The experimental technique employed circumvents the necessity to determine the absolute ozone concentration for each temperature measurement. Below 273 K the cross section increases approximately 0.6 percent, while toward higher temperatures the cross section decreases rapidly. In a comparison, good agreement with other recently made measurements is shown.
    Keywords: INORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 92; 14861-14
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  • 6
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    Laboratory studies of heavy ozone (1990)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Dissociation of ozone in the Chappuis bands has been used as an O atom source to study isotope effects occurring in the O(3P) + O2(3 Sigma g) recombination reaction. The ozone produced was found to be enriched in both of its heavy isotopes. The pressure dependence (5-1000 torr) and temperature dependence (127-360 K) of this isotope effect have been investigated. The enrichment is approximately constant from 5 torr to 100 torr and decreases at higher pressures. It increases with temperature, with O3-50 showing a slightly faster rate of increase than O3-45. The results of this experiment have clearly isolated the source of the isotope effect to the gas phase O(3P) + O2(3 Sigma g) recombination reaction.
    Keywords: INORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 95; 901-907
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  • 7
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    Measurement of the ozone absorption cross-section at the 253.7 nm mercury line (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The absorption cross-section of ozone at 253.7 nm is frequently used as a standard for the entire UV wavelength range. The presently accepted value is 1.147 x 10 to the -17th/sq cm, which is known with an uncertainty of about 2 percent. The cross-section has been recently measured by simultaneously monitoring the ozone pressure, the impurities in the ozone gas, the gas temperature, and the UV beam intensity. The cross-section at room temperature was found to be 1.137 x 10 to the -17th/sq cm having an uncertainty of + or - .7 percent. The improved accuracy will aid a number of ozone experiments including the in situ photometers and Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet instruments.
    Keywords: INORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 13; 671-673
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  • 8
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    Neutral constituent measurement in the stratosphere and development of an experiment for neutral constituent measurement in the atmosphere (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: INORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
    Type: NASA, Washington Upper Atmosphere Res. Program; p 17-18
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  • 9
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    Operation of a microchannel plate counting system in a mass spectrometer (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A multiplier detector system has been developed as part of a mass spectrometer in an ion counting mode. During its operation ions striking a microchannel plate release pulses of electrons which are accelerated to a phosphor layer. The resulting flash of light is carried by a fiber-optic bundle to a photodiode array. The detector simultaneously counts ions throughout a mass spectrum covering more than 30 amu. It extends the mass spectrometer's operation toward low count rates for trace gas analysis. Each mass peak can be independently measured at count rates between 0.1 and 1000 counts/s. Higher rates on a few peaks do not blind the entire detector. The detector's capabilities have been demonstrated by measuring Kr and Xe isotopes in air at natural abundances. The mass spectrometer, detector, and readout electronics are sufficiently compact to permit use in a balloon-borne experiment.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Review of Scientific Instruments (ISSN 0034-6748); 56; 220-226
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  • 10
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    A new ozone standard - The vapor pressure of ozone at liquid argon temperatures (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The vapor pressure of ozone has been measured at liquid argon temperatures. At the normal boiling point of argon (-185.9 C) an ozone pressure of 0.0405 torr was obtained with an accuracy of + or - 1.5 percent. Increases and decreases in liquid argon temperatures raised and lowered the ozone vapor pressure, respectively. During the vapor pressure measurements the purity of ozone was monitored with a mass spectrometer. The proposed ozone standard will considerably improve the calibration of experiments for atmospheric research, the determination of absorption cross sections and other laboratory ozone studies.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 12; 89-92
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