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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: A comparison of the data from microaccelerometers of the same type and between several types will be presented. Self-test output signals and X-ray evaluation test data after completion of 182 thermal cycles will also be presented.
    Type: Surface Mount Technology Association; Chicago, IL; United States
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A preliminary study of materials exposed in space in a low Earth orbit for nearly six years has revealed a wide range of micrometeorite or microparticle impact craters ranging in size from 1 to 1000 micron in diameter, debris particles from adjacent and distant materials systems, reaction products, and other growth features on the specimen surfaces, and related phenomena. The exposed surface features included fine grained and nearly amorphous materials as well as a large array of single crystal particles. A replication type, lift off technique was developed to remove reaction products and debris from the specimen surfaces in order to isolate them from the background substrate without creating microchemical or microstructural artifacts or alterations. This resulted in surface features resting on a carbon support film which was virtually invisible to observation by electron microscopy and nondispersive x ray analysis. Some evidence for blisters on leading edge aluminum alloy surfaces and a high surface region concentration of oxygen determined by Auger electron spectrometry suggests oxygen effects where fluences exceed 10(exp 21) atoms/sq cm.
    Keywords: INORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center, LDEF: 69 Months in Space. First Post-Retrieval Symposium, Part 2; p 663-677
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A volcano-surveillance system utilizing 23 multilevel earthquake counters and 6 biaxial borehole tiltmeters is being installed and tested on 15 volcanoes in 4 States and 4 foreign countries. The purpose of this system is to give early warning when apparently dormant volcanoes are becoming active. The data are relayed through the ERTS-Data Collection System to Menlo Park for analysis. Installation was completed in 1972 on the volcanoes St. Augustine and Iliamna in Alaska, Kilauea in Hawaii, Baker, Rainier and St. Helens in Washington, Lassen in California, and at a site near Reykjavik, Iceland. Installation continues and should be completed in April 1973 on the volcanoes Santiaguito, Fuego, Agua and Pacaya in Guatemala, Izalco in El Salvador and San Cristobal, Telica and Cerro Negro in Nicaragua.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: PAPER-G9 , NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Symp. on Significant Results obtained from the ERTS-1, Vol. 1, Sect. A and B; p 305-315
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Debris particles extracted from a small sampling region on the leading edge of the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) spacecraft have been examined by analytical transmission electron microscopy and the elemental frequency observed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry and compared with upper atmosphere (Earth) particle elemental frequency and the average elemental compositions of interplanetary dust particles. A much broader elemental distribution was observed for the exposed spacecraft surface debris milieu. Numerous metal microfragment analyses, particularly aluminum and stainless steel, were compared with scanning electron microscope observations-of impact crater features, and the corresponding elemental spectra on selected LDEF aluminium tray clamps and stainless steel bolts. The compositions and melt features for these impact craters and ejecta have been shown to be consistent with microcrystalline debris fragments in the case of aluminum, and these observations suggest an ever changing debris milieu on exposed surfaces for space craft and space system materials.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: Journal of Materials Science (ISSN 0022-2461); 28; 17; p. 4553-4561.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: We describe progress in the development of adjustable grazing incidence X-ray optics for 0.5 arcsec resolution cosmic X-ray imaging. To date, no optics technology is available to blend high resolution imaging like the Chandra X-ray Observatory, with square meter collecting area. Our approach to achieve these goals simultaneously is to directly deposit thin film piezoelectric actuators on the back surface of thin, lightweight Wolter-I or Wolter- Schwarschild mirror segments. The actuators are used to correct mirror figure errors due to fabrication, mounting and alignment, using calibration and a one-time figure adjustment on the ground. If necessary, it will also be possible to correct for residual gravity release and thermal effects on-orbit. In this paper we discuss our most recent results measuring influence functions of the piezoelectric actuators using a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor. We describe accelerated and real-time lifetime testing of the piezoelectric material, and we also discuss changes to, and recent results of, our simulations of mirror correction.
    Keywords: Optics
    Type: M15-4150 , Adaptive X-Ray Optics III; Aug 17, 2014 - Aug 21, 2014; San Diego, CA; United States|SPIE Optics+Photonics 2014; Aug 17, 2014 - Aug 21, 2014; San Diego, CA; United States
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A human-in-the-loop experiment was conducted at the NASA Ames Research Center Vertical Motion Simulator, where instrument-rated pilots completed a simulated terminal descent phase of a lunar landing. Ten pilots participated in a 2 x 2 mixed design experiment, with level of automation as the within-subjects factor and failure frequency as the between subjects factor. The two evaluated levels of automation were high (fully automated landing) and low (manual controlled landing). During test trials, participants were exposed to either a high number of failures (75% failure frequency) or low number of failures (25% failure frequency). In order to investigate the pilots' sensitivity to changes in levels of automation and failure frequency, the dependent measure selected for this experiment was accuracy of failure diagnosis, from which D Prime and Decision Criterion were derived. For each of the dependent measures, no significant difference was found for level of automation and no significant interaction was detected between level of automation and failure frequency. A significant effect was identified for failure frequency suggesting failure frequency has a significant effect on pilots' sensitivity to failure detection and diagnosis. Participants were more likely to correctly identify and diagnose failures if they experienced the higher levels of failures, regardless of level of automation
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN12605 , IEEE Aerospace Conference; Mar 01, 2014 - Mar 08, 2014; Big Sky, MT; United States
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Since 2003, the NASA Ames Research Center has been actively involved in researching and advancing the state-of-the-art of planning and scheduling tools for NASA mission operations. Our planning toolkit SPIFe (Scheduling and Planning Interface for Exploration) has supported a variety of missions and field tests, scheduling activities for Mars rovers as well as crew on-board International Space Station and NASA earth analogs. The scheduled plan is the integration of all the activities for the day/s. In turn, the agents (rovers, landers, spaceships, crew) execute from this schedule while the mission support team members (e.g., flight controllers) follow the schedule during execution. Over the last couple of years, our team has begun to research and validate methods that will better support users during realtime operations and execution of scheduled activities. Our team utilizes human-computer interaction principles to research user needs, identify workflow processes, prototype software aids, and user test these. This paper discusses three specific prototypes developed and user tested to support real-time operations: Score Mobile, Playbook, and Mobile Assistant for Task Execution (MATE).
    Keywords: Ground Support Systems and Facilities (Space)
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN8117 , AIAA International Conference on Environmental Systems; Jul 14, 2013 - Jul 18, 2013; Vail, CO; United States
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: No abstract available
    Keywords: Optics
    Type: MSFC-E-DAA-TN33222 , SPIE Astronomical Telescopes +Instrumentation 2016; Jun 26, 2016 - Jul 01, 2016; Edinburgh; United Kingdom
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This presentation will provide an overview of current human spaceflight operations. It will also describe how future exploration missions will have to adapt and evolve in order to deal with more complex missions and communication latencies. Additionally, there are many implications regarding advanced automation and robotics, and this presentation will outline future human-automation-robotic integration challenges.
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support; Cybernetics, Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN30405 , SHACS Annual Future Tech Conference; Apr 08, 2016 - Apr 09, 2016; Huntsville, TX; United States
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: NASA employs Design Reference Missions (DRMs) to define potential architectures for future human exploration missions to deep space, the Moon, and Mars. While DRMs to these destinations share some components, each mission has different needs. This paper focuses on the human and automation/robotic integration needs for these future missions, evaluating them with respect to NASA research gaps in the area of space human factors engineering. The outcomes of our assessment is a human and automation/robotic (HAR) task list for each of the four DRMs that we reviewed (i.e., Deep Space Sortie, Lunar Visit/Habitation, Deep Space Habitation, and Planetary), a list of common critical HAR factors that drive HAR design.
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support; Ground Support Systems and Facilities (Space)
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN27422 , IEEE Aerospace Conference; Mar 05, 2016 - Mar 12, 2016; Big Sky, MT; United States
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