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  • Other Sources  (4)
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  • 1
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    Three-dimensional instabilities of mantle convection with multiple phase transitions (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The effects of multiple phase transitions on mantle convection are investigated by numerical simulations that are based on three-dimensional models. These simulations show that cold sheets of mantle material collide at junctions, merge, and form a strong downflow that is stopped temporarily by the transition zone. The accumulated cold material gives rise to a strong gravitational instability that causes the cold mass to sink rapidly into the lower mantle. This process promotes a massive exchange between the lower and upper mantles and triggers a global instability in the adjacent plume system. This mechanism may be cyclic in nature and may be linked to the generation of superplumes.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 259; 5099; p. 1308-1311.
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Development of diapiric structures in the upper mantle due to phase transitions (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Solid-state phase transition in time-dependent mantle convection can induce diapiric flows in the upper mantle. When a deep mantle plume rises toward phase boundaries in the upper mantle, the changes in the local thermal buoyancy, local heat capacity, and latent heat associated with the phase change at a depth of 670 kilometers tend to pinch off the plume head from the feeding stem and form a diapir. This mechanism may explain episodic hot spot volcanism. The nature of the multiple phase boundaries at the boundary between the upper and lower mantle may control the fate of deep mantle plumes, allowing hot plumes to go through and retarding the tepid ones.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 252; 1836-183
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Three-dimensional mantle dynamics with an endothermic phase transition (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: 3D convection for the spinel to perovskite phase change has been simulated numerically. Results for Rayleigh (Ra) numbers of 0(10 exp 6) show intermittent layering with a strong robust plume rising through the phase boundary. Many descending instabilities are deflected but merging cold sheets come together at a junction. A pool of cold material accumulates underneath in the phase-transition zone. A strong gravitational instability results, which precipitates a rapid and massive discharge of upper-mantle material.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 20; 3; p. 221-224.
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    An experimental investigation on the subcritical instability in plane Poieseuille flow (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The relationship between the three dimensional properties of the fundamental flow of a plane Poieseuille flow and subcritical stability was studied. An S-T wave was introduced into the flow and the three dimensional development of the wave observed. Results indicate that: (1) the T-S wave has three dimensional properties which are synchronous with the fundamental flow, but there is damping at microamplitude; (2) when the amplitude reaches a certain threshold, subcritical instability and peak valley bifurcation occur simultaneously and a peak valley structure is formed; (3) this threshold depends to a great extent on the frequency; and (4) after the peak valley bifurcation there is a transition to a turbulent flow by the process of laminar flow collapse identical to that in Blasius flow.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TM-75885
    Format: application/pdf
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