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  • 1
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    An Atmospheric General Circulation Model with Chemistry for the CRAY T3E: Design, Performance Optimization and Coupling to an Ocean Model (1998)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-10
    Description: The design, implementation and performance optimization on the CRAY T3E of an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) which includes the transport of, and chemical reactions among, an arbitrary number of constituents is reviewed. The parallel implementation is based on a two-dimensional (longitude and latitude) data domain decomposition. Initial optimization efforts centered on minimizing the impact of substantial static and weakly-dynamic load imbalances among processors through load redistribution schemes. Recent optimization efforts have centered on single-node optimization. Strategies employed include loop unrolling, both manually and through the compiler, the use of an optimized assembler-code library for special function calls, and restructuring of parts of the code to improve data locality. Data exchanges and synchronizations involved in coupling different data-distributed models can account for a significant fraction of the running time. Therefore, the required scattering and gathering of data must be optimized. In systems such as the T3E, there is much more aggregate bandwidth in the total system than in any particular processor. This suggests a distributed design. The design and implementation of a such distributed 'Data Broker' as a means to efficiently couple the components of our climate system model is described.
    Keywords: Environment Pollution
    Type: Second International Workshop on Software Engineering and Code Design in Parallel Meteorological and Oceanographic Applications; 251-264; NASA/CP-1998-206860
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  • 2
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    Simulations of the seasonal evolution of planetary waves in the stratosphere (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Results are presented of experiments performed with the 3D primitive equation model of the middle atmosphere to elucidate the connections between the behavior of planetary waves in the stratosphere and in the upper troposphere during the seasonal cycle. In these experiments the geopotential height fields at the model's lower boundary consisted of a time-varying zonally symmetric component plus a time-independent wave 1. Experiments were also performed with the same time-varying zonally symmetric component plus a time-independent combination of wave 1 and 2. In each of the wave 1-only experiments, the wave 1 amplitude in the middle stratosphere has two maxima, one in fall and the other in spring, separated by a midwinter minimum. It is suggested that some important transient features in the seasonal evolution of stratospheric planetary waves do not depend on time variations in the amplitude or phase of the corresponding tropospheric waves.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: In: Conference on the Middle Atmosphere, 8th, Atlanta, GA, Jan. 5-10, 1992, Preprints (A93-49361 21-47); p. 16-21.
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  • 3
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    Planetary-scale disturbances in the southern stratosphere during early winter (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The stratospheric circulation and planetary-scale dusturbances during early-winter (mid-April to mid-July) in the Southern Hemisphere are investigated using observational data collected for the 1979-1990 period, and a 3D primitive equation model of the stratosphere and mesosphere. It was found that there were six extended periods in the data set when wave 1 (which is usually quasi-stationary) traveled steadily eastward and had large amplitude. Results of simulations suggest that the development of the South Pacific warmings is connected with the amplification of wave 1 at 100 mb. The results also indicate that the development of stratospheric disturbances in the southern stratosphere during early winter depends more on the intensity of wave 1 at 100 mb than on the structure of the zonal-mean flow in the stratosphere.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences (ISSN 0022-4928); 49; 18 S
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  • 4
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    Simulations of stratospheric warmings in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Simulations of stratospheric final warmings made with two primitive-equation models of the stratosphere and mesosphere are presented. The principal difference between the models is the choice of vertical coordinate; pressure is used in one, and potential temperature in the other. The Southern Hemisphere final warming of 1987 and the Northern Hemisphere final warming of 1985 are simulated. The general characteristics of the simulations are examined by comparing simulated planetary wave events with observations. The formation of baroclinic zones in the simulations is investigated. The zones had vertical temperature gradients of up to 10 K/km.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: In: Conference on the Middle Atmosphere, 8th, Atlanta, GA, Jan. 5-10, 1992, Preprints (A93-49361 21-47); p. 2-7.
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  • 5
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    Empirical orthogonal functions and multiple flow regimes in the Southern Hemisphere winter (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: A new empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of winter 500 mb geopotential height anomalies in the Southern Hemisphere is presented. An earlier EOF analysis prefiltered the anomalies to exclude wavenumbers 5 and higher; the present analysis does not. The different preprocessing of data affects the results. All three distinct planetary flow regimes identified in the winter circulation of the Southern Hemisphere by a pattern correlation method are captured by the new set of EOFs; only two of those regimes were captured by the earlier set. The new results, therefore, lend further support to the idea that EOFs point to distinct planetary flow regimes.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences (ISSN 0022-4928); 46; 3219-322
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  • 6
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    An observational study of the final warming in the Southern Hemisphere stratosphere (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The final warming in the Southern Hemisphere stratosphere during the period September 1-November 30 for the years 1978-1983 is studied. The change in zonally averaged temperatures during that period is almost the same for each year. However, there is substantial interannual variability in the time evolution of the warming as events of enhanced wave, mean-flow interaction associated with bursts of upward propagating planetary waves develop at different times in different years. Polar temperatures in the middle stratosphere can increase as much as about 20 K in 4 days during these events. Such dynamical processes can play a significant role in the interannual variability of stratospheric ozone and other constituents.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: (ISSN 0094-8276); 13; 1232-123
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