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  • 1
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    Multiple melanocortin receptors are expressed in bone cells (2005)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Melanocortin receptors belong to the seven transmembrane domain, G-protein coupled family of receptors. There are five members of this receptor family labeled MC1R-MC5R. These receptors are activated by fragments derived from a larger molecule, proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and include ACTH, alpha beta and gamma-MSH and beta-endorphin. Because of in vitro and in vivo data suggesting direct effects of these POMC molecules on bone and bone turnover, we examined bone and bone derived cells for the presence of the various members of the melanocortin receptor family. We report that the five known melanocortin receptors are expressed to varying degrees in osteoblast-like and osteoclastic cells. POMC fragments increased proliferation and expression of a variety of genes in osteoblastic cells. Furthermore, POMC mRNA was detected in osteoclastic cells. These data demonstrate that POMC-derived peptide hormones acting through high affinity melanocortin receptors have specific effects on bone cells. Thus, in addition to the indirect effects of POMC-derived hormones on bone turnover through their modulation of steroid hormone secretion, POMC fragments may have direct and specific effects on bone cell subpopulations.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Bone (ISSN 8756-3282); Volume 36; 5; 820-31
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Near-surface sediment structures at cold seeps and their physical control on seepage (2010)
    Univ. Bremen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The major objective of the study is to investigate how near-surface sediment structures and other geological aspects control the nature and occurrence of cold fluid seepage. Mainly high resolution multichannel seismic data and swatch bathymetry data were used to study nearsurface seismostratigraphy, structure and seismic fluid-indicating features in two different fluid seepage provinces: Campeche Knolls, southern Gulf of Mexico and the frontal Makran, offshore Pakistan. The two areas have fundamentally different tectonic settings: The Campeche Knolls, southern Gulf of Mexico represents a passive margin influenced by salt tectonism, while the frontal Makran is the most basinward part of the Makran accretionary prism, characterized by plate subduction, sediment accretion, thrust faulting and development of sediment imbricate slices. However, they share quite a few similarities in shallow sediment structures and fluid seepage patterns...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551.23 ; 553.28 ; 550 ; TSZ 100 ; VAE 880 ; TSZ 200 ; Atlantischer Ozean {Geophysik} ; Passive und aktive Kontinentalränder {Geologie} ; Indischer Ozean {Geophysik}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 125 S.
    Format: application/pdf
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 3
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    Evaporation Study Based on Micromodel Experiments: Comparison of Theory and Experiment (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-11
    Description: Abstract Evaporation—a key process for water exchange between soil and atmosphere—is controlled by internal water fluxes and surface vapor fluxes. Recent studies demonstrated that the dynamics of the water flow in corners determine the time behavior of the evaporation rate. The internal water flux of the porous media is often described by capillary flow assuming complete wetting. Particularly, the crucial influence of partial wetting, that is, the nonlinear contact angle dependency of the capillary flow has been neglected so far. The focus of the paper is to demonstrate that SiO2-surfaces can exhibit contact angles of about 40°. This reduces the internal capillary flow by 1 order of magnitude compared to complete wetting. First, we derived the contact angle by inverse modeling. We conducted a series of evaporation experiments in a 2-D square lattice microstructure connected by lognormal distributed throats. We used an explicit analytical power series solution of the single square capillary model. A contact angle of 38° ± 1° was derived. Second, we directly measured the contact angle of the Si-SiO2 wafer using the Drop Shape Analyzer Krüss 100 and obtained an averaged contact angle of 42° ± 2°. The results support the single square capillary model as an appropriate model for the description of the evaporation process in an ideal square capillary.
    Keywords: 550.724 ; 551.5 ; evaporation ; experiments
    Language: English
    Type: map
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 4
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    The Impact of Wettability and Surface Roughness on Fluid Displacement and Capillary Trapping in 2-D and 3-D Porous Media: 2. Combined Effect of Wettability, Surface Roughness, and Pore Space Structure on Trapping Efficiency in Sand Packs and Micromodels (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-13
    Description: A comprehensive understanding of the combined effects of surface roughness and wettability on the dynamics of the trapping process is lacking. This can be primarily attributed to the contradictory experimental and numerical results regarding the impact of wettability on the capillary trapping efficiency. The discrepancy is presumably caused by the surface roughness of the inner pore-solid interface. Herein, we present a comparative μ-CT study of the static fluid-fluid pattern in porous media with smooth (glass beads) and rough surfaces (natural sands). For the first time, a global optimization method was applied to map the characteristic geometrical and morphological properties of natural sands to 2-D micromodels that exhibit different degrees of surface roughness. A realistic wetting model that describes the apparent contact angle of the rough surface as a function surface morphology and the intrinsic contact angle was also proposed. The dynamics of the trapping processes were studied via visualization micromodel experiments. Our results revealed that sand and glass beads displayed opposite trends in terms of the contact angle dependence between 5° and 115°. Sand depicted a nonmonotonous functional contact angle dependency, that is, a transition from maximal trapping to no trapping, followed by an increase to medium trapping. In contrast, glass beads showed a sharp transition from no trapping to maximal trapping. Since both porous media exhibit similar morphological properties (similar Minkowski functions: porosity, surface density, mean curvature density, Euler number density), we deduce that this difference in behavior is caused by the difference in surface roughness that allows complete wetting and hence precursor thick-film flow for natural sands. Experimental results on micromodels verified this hypothesis.
    Keywords: 550.724 ; impact of wettability on trapping efficiency ; impact of surface roughness and pore space structure on trapping efficiency ; porous media with rough surface ; natural sand and glass ceramic micromodels ; wettability-controlled crossover from snap-off to bypass trapping ; spontaneous precursor thick-film flow (Wenzel's argument)
    Language: English
    Type: map
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 5
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    Pre- and co-seismic ground deformations of the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan earthquake, measured with SAR interferometry (2004)
    In:  Computers and Geosciences, L'wiw, Inst. f. Theoret. Geodäsie, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 333-343, pp. B01408, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004
    Keywords: Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain ; Earthquake ; China ; InSAR ; Geodesy ; C&G ; FLORENZO
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 6
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    Saline ice thickness retrieval under diurnal thermal cycling conditions (1998)
    In:  IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Washington, D.C., AGU, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 1731-1742, pp. 1489, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998
    Keywords: Electromagnetic methods/phenomena
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 7
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    Active faults in China (1984)
    Seismological Press
    In:  Professional Paper, A Collection of Papers of the International Symposium on Continental Seismicity (ISCSEP), Beijing, Seismological Press, vol. 24, no. 16, pp. 225-242, (ISBN 1-4020-1729-4)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984
    Keywords: Earthquake ; Geol. aspects ; Fault zone
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 8
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    Recent crustal rupture field in China and the problem of strong-earthquake prediction (1986)
    In:  J. Phys. Earth, London, Geological Society, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. S265-S278, pp. B07203, (ISBN 1-86239-117-3)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986
    Keywords: Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Source parameters ; JPE
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 9
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    Active faults and magnitudes of left-lateral displacement along the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau (2004)
    In:  Tectonophysics, London, Geological Society, vol. 380, no. 3-4, pp. 243-260, pp. B07203, (ISBN 1-86239-117-3)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004
    Keywords: Structural geology ; Geol. aspects ; Earthquake hazard ; China ; Xizang ; Fault zone ; Magnitude
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 10
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    Quantitative classification of potential focal regions using the pattern recognition technique (1990)
    In:  Journal of Seismological Research, Kunming, China, Geological Society, vol. 13, no. 3-4, pp. 122, pp. B07203, (ISBN 1-86239-117-3)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990
    Keywords: Statistical investigations ; Pattern recognition ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Seismicity ; JSR
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
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