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  • 1
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    Report of the panel on plate motion and deformation, section 2 (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Given here is a panel report on the goals and objectives, requirements and recommendations for the investigation of plate motion and deformation. The goals are to refine our knowledge of plate motions, study regional and local deformation, and contribute to the solution of important societal problems. The requirements include basic space-positioning measurements, the use of global and regional data sets obtained with space-based techniques, topographic and geoid data to help characterize the internal processes that shape the planet, gravity data to study the density structure at depth and help determine the driving mechanisms for plate tectonics, and satellite images to map lithology, structure and morphology. The most important recommendation of the panel is for the implementation of a world-wide space-geodetic fiducial network to provide a systematic and uniform measure of global strain.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Solid Earth Science in the 1990s. Volume 2: Panel Reports; 42 p
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    SOPAC 2002 IGS Analysis Center Report (2004)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: The Scripps Orbit and Permanent Array Center (SOPAC) at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) has been producing precise satellite orbits, Earth Orientation Parameters, and station positions since 1991 when the Permanent GPS Geodetic Array (PGGA) project was initiated in southern California. SOPAC has been an analysis center from the inception of IGS. This report covers the activities between 2000 and 2002, and will focus on SOPAC s GPS analysis strategy, changes in the software/procedure, and a review of some of the results.
    Keywords: Technology Utilization and Surface Transportation
    Type: International GPS Service 2001 - 2002 Technical Reports; 85-91; JPL-Publ-04-017
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  • 3
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    Rapid resolution of crustal motion at short ranges with the global positioning system (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: An analysis of GPS alignment array data collected in November 1990 and February 1991 are used to assess the temporal resolution of crustal deformation for GPS receiver systems operating as strain meters, and guidelines for achieving millimeter-level precision with short-range, kinematic-type GPS measurements are provided. Baselines between the array endpoints computed from 24 min of static observations on three consecutive days show an rms scatter of about 0.1 nm in the horizontal components and of about 0.3 mm in the vertical. They agree to within 0.2 mm with a solution calculated from measurements collected 3 mo earlier, indicating that this segment of the San Andreas fault appears to be locked at the surface over this period of time. Epoch-by-epoch solutions of array baselines with a six-satellite constellation show a multipath signature with typical amplitudes of several millimeters and periods of a few minutes.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 97; B3 M
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  • 4
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    GPS Estimates of Integrated Precipitable Water Aid Weather Forecasters (2013)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: Global Positioning System (GPS) meteorology provides enhanced density, low-latency (30-min resolution), integrated precipitable water (IPW) estimates to NOAA NWS (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Adminis tration Nat ional Weather Service) Weather Forecast Offices (WFOs) to provide improved model and satellite data verification capability and more accurate forecasts of extreme weather such as flooding. An early activity of this project was to increase the number of stations contributing to the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) GPS meteorology observing network in Southern California by about 27 stations. Following this, the Los Angeles/Oxnard and San Diego WFOs began using the enhanced GPS-based IPW measurements provided by ESRL in the 2012 and 2013 monsoon seasons. Forecasters found GPS IPW to be an effective tool in evaluating model performance, and in monitoring monsoon development between weather model runs for improved flood forecasting. GPS stations are multi-purpose, and routine processing for position solutions also yields estimates of tropospheric zenith delays, which can be converted into mm-accuracy PWV (precipitable water vapor) using in situ pressure and temperature measurements, the basis for GPS meteorology. NOAA ESRL has implemented this concept with a nationwide distribution of more than 300 "GPSMet" stations providing IPW estimates at sub-hourly resolution currently used in operational weather models in the U.S.
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support; Oceanography; Meteorology and Climatology
    Type: NPO-48881 , NASA Tech Briefs, November 2013; 6
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Software for Generating Troposphere Corrections for InSAR Using GPS and Weather Model Data (2013)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: Atmospheric errors due to the troposphere are a limiting error source for spaceborne interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) imaging. This software generates tropospheric delay maps that can be used to correct atmospheric artifacts in InSAR data. The software automatically acquires all needed GPS (Global Positioning System), weather, and Digital Elevation Map data, and generates a tropospheric correction map using a novel algorithm for combining GPS and weather information while accounting for terrain. Existing JPL software was prototypical in nature, required a MATLAB license, required additional steps to acquire and ingest needed GPS and weather data, and did not account for topography in interpolation. Previous software did not achieve a level of automation suitable for integration in a Web portal. This software overcomes these issues. GPS estimates of tropospheric delay are a source of corrections that can be used to form correction maps to be applied to InSAR data, but the spacing of GPS stations is insufficient to remove short-wavelength tropospheric artifacts. This software combines interpolated GPS delay with weather model precipitable water vapor (PWV) and a digital elevation model to account for terrain, increasing the spatial resolution of the tropospheric correction maps and thus removing short wavelength tropospheric artifacts to a greater extent. It will be integrated into a Web portal request system, allowing use in a future L-band SAR Earth radar mission data system. This will be a significant contribution to its technology readiness, building on existing investments in in situ space geodetic networks, and improving timeliness, quality, and science value of the collected data
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing; Computer Programming and Software
    Type: NPO-48556 , NASA Tech Briefs, September 2013; 32-33
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Space geodetic measurement of crustal deformation in central and southern California, 1984-1992 (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: We estimate the velocity field in central and southern California using Global Positioning System (GPS) observations from 1986 to 1992 and very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations from 1984 to 1991. Our core network includes 12 GPS sites spaced approximately 50 km apart, mostly in the western Transverse Ranges and the coastal Borderlands. The precision and accuracy of the relative horizontal velocities estimated for these core stations are adequately described by a 95% confidence ellipse with a semiminor axis of approximately 2 mm/yr oriented roughly north-south, and a semimajor axis of approximately 3 mm/yr oriented east-west.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 98; B12; p. 21677-21712
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Detection of crustal deformation from the Landers earthquake sequence using continuous geodetic measurements (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The first measurements are reported for a major earthquake by a continuously operating GPS network, the permanent GPS Genetic ARRY (PGGA) in southern California. The Landers and Big Bear earthquakes of June 28, 1992 were monitored by daily observations. Ten weeks of measurements indicate significant coseismic motion at all PGGA sites, significant postseismic motion at one site for two weeks after the earthquakes, and no significant preseismic motion. These measurements demonstrate the potential of GPS monitoring for precise detection of precursory and aftershock seismic deformation in the near and far field.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 361; 6410; p. 337-340.
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Crustal deformation measurements in central Japan determined by a Global Positioning System fixed-point network (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Results are presented from temporally dense measurements of crustal deformation associated with the convergence of the Eurasian (EUR), Pacific, North American, and Philippine Sea (PHS) plates, carried out in April 1988 by a 10-station GPS fixed-point network established in central Japan. Using regional orbit relaxation methods, the analysis of the first 17-month data revealed significant horizontal deformation across the Suruga trough. Namely, it was found that a site in the northern tip of PHS plate moved nearly westward with a velocity of 28 +/-5 mm per year, and a site at the southeastern tip of EUR plate moved south-southwestward with a velocity of 18 +/-5 mm per year. A significant vertical uplift with a velocity of 20 mm/yr was detected at a site inland of the Tokai district located in the Akaishi uplift zone and at a site on the Hatsushima Island in Sagami Bay.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 97; B9 A; 12
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Global positioning system network analysis with phase ambiguity resolution applied to crustal deformation studies in California (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: An efficient algorithm is developed for multisession adjustment of GPS data with simultaneous orbit determination and ambiguity resolution. Application of the algorithm to the analysis of data from a five-year campaign in progress in southern and central California to monitor tectonic motions using observations by GPS satellites, demonstrates improvements in estimates of station position and satellite orbits when the phase ambiguities are resolved. Most of the phase ambiguities in the GPS network were resolved, particularly for all the baselines of geophysical interest in California.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 94; 3949-396
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  • 10
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    Densification and Autonomization of Geodetic GPS Stations in Southern California Capable of Producing Tropospheric Delay and Precipitable Water Vapor Measurements (2012)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: No abstract available
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology
    Type: LAPS User Workshop; Oct 23, 2012 - Oct 25, 2012; Boulder, CO; United States
    Format: text
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