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  • 1
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    Design considerations for a gas microcontroller (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-12
    Description: Some of the design problems that are now being addressed in consideration of a microcontroller for the upcoming GAS payload are discussed. Microcontrollers will be used to run the experiments and to collect and store the data from those experiments. Some of the requirements for a microcontroller are to be small, lightweight, have low power consumption, and high reliability. Some of the solutions that were developed to meet these design requirements are discussed. At present, the experiment is still in the design stage and the final design may change from what is presented here. The search for new integrated circuits which will do all that is needed all in one package continues.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1985 Get Away Special Experimenter's Symposium; p 117-124
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  • 2
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    Failure analysis and performance evaluation of NASA inertial reference unit (DRIRU 2) after 50 months of orbital operation (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The first production DRIRU 2 (NASA standard high performance inertial reference unit) system was launched as a subsystem of the Modular Attitude Control System for the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) spacecraft in February 1980. This hardware was retrieved during the repair of the SMM during Shuttle Flight 41-C in April 1984 and returned to Teledyne Systems Company (manufacturer) for investigation and performance measurements as directed by Goddard Space Flight Center. A failure of one of the three gyro channels occurred approximately 6.5 months after launch. The built in redundancy functioned properly, the DRIRU 2 continued to provide the required attitude control function without performance degradation. Subsequent failure of other attitude control subsystems made the SMM a candidate for the first demonstration of the shuttle in-orbit repair capabilty. The in-orbit DRIRU 2 II failure scenario and the results of the analyses/tests conducted after retrieval are discussed. Comparison of this data with similar data prior to launch demonstates the excellent stability of performance parameters achieveable with DRIRU 2.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Proceedings of the SMRM Degradation Study Workshop; p 125-146
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  • 3
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    In situ ozone instrumentation for 10-Hz measurements - Development and evaluation (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The development of the fast-response ozone detector for the Electra aircraft is described. The selection of a technique to meet the design goal of 10-Hz detection is examined in terms of detection principles, instrument sampling parameters, signal conditioning, and aircraft and sampling environment. An instrument which employs a NO technique for detection of ozone with a reaction chamber volume of 16 cu cm, a pressure of 60 torr, and a sample flow of 1000 standard cu cm/min was developed. Laboratory and flight testings of the detector were conducted in order to evaluate its performance. The data reveal that the fast-response ozone detector is highly reliable with a response of 0.1 sec to 90 percent of reading, has a lower detection limit of 1 ppbv, and an S/N of 20 at 20 ppbv ozone.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
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  • 4
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    The development of an air motion measurement system for NASA's Electra aircraft (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The development of the Turbulent Air Motion Measurement System (TAMMS), which is to measure dynamical and photochemical processes over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, is examined. The composition and operation of the TAMMS subsystems, which include (1) fast-response meteorological sensors; (2) a boom/inertial navigation system; (3) baseline meteorological sensors; (4) an analog/digital interface; (5) control and data acquisition; and (6) data/reduction and spectral analysis software, are described. The planned flight testing and calibration of the TAMMS are discussed. The TAMMS platform wil be able to estimate the turbulent fluxes of heat, moisture, momentum, and any chemical species for which fast-response instrumentation is available.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION
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  • 5
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    Autonomous image data reduction by analysis and interpretation (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Image data is a critical component of the scientific information acquired by space missions. Compression of image data is required due to the limited bandwidth of the data transmission channel and limited memory space on the acquisition vehicle. This need becomes more pressing when dealing with multispectral data where each pixel may comprise 300 or more bytes. An autonomous, real time, on-board image analysis system for an exploratory vehicle such as a Mars Rover is developed. The completed system will be capable of interpreting image data to produce reduced representations of the image, and of making decisions regarding the importance of data based on current scientific goals. Data from multiple sources, including stereo images, color images, and multispectral data, are fused into single image representations. Analysis techniques emphasize artificial neural networks. Clusters are described by their outlines and class values. These analysis and compression techniques are coupled with decision-making capacity for determining importance of each image region. Areas determined to be noise or uninteresting can be discarded in favor of more important areas. Thus limited resources for data storage and transmission are allocated to the most significant images.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Telematics and Informatics (ISSN 0736-5853); 5; 3, 19; 241-251
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  • 6
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    Portable EDITOR (PEDITOR): A portable image processing system (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-29
    Description: The PEDITOR image processing system was created to be readily transferable from one type of computer system to another. While nearly identical in function and operation to its predecessor, EDITOR, PEDITOR employs additional techniques which greatly enhance its portability. These cover system structure and processing. In order to confirm the portability of the software system, two different types of computer systems running greatly differing operating systems were used as target machines. A DEC-20 computer running the TOPS-20 operating system and using a Pascal Compiler was utilized for initial code development. The remaining programmers used a Motorola Corporation 68000-based Forward Technology FT-3000 supermicrocomputer running the UNIX-based XENIX operating system and using the Silicon Valley Software Pascal compiler and the XENIX C compiler for their initial code development.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: ESA Proceedings of the 1986 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '86) on Remote Sensing: Today's Solutions for Tomorrow's Information Needs, Volume 1; p 265-269
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  • 7
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    Strength, Width, and Pressure Shift Measurements of 54 Lines in the Oxygen A-Band (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The absorption band of molecular oxygen, centered at 760]en1] nm, is the atmospheric absorber for the Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) systems used to measure atmospheric temperature, pressure, and density. To provide accurate line parameters for such systems, a careful spectroscopic study was made of the A-band, with measurements of line strengths, widths, pressure-induced frequency shifts, and collisional narrowing effects. The width and shift parameters were measured over a temperature range of -20 to 100 C so that the temperature dependence of these parameters can also be determined. To analyze the results, a least-squares fiting routine was written to fit standard line profiles to the observed profiles. These measurements, which include the first observations of pressure shifts and collisional narrowing in the band, are an important contribution to lidar system utilizing the A-band.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center 13th International Laser Radar Conference; 4 p
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  • 8
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    Regional landform thresholds (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Remote sensing technology allows us to recognize manifestations of regional thresholds, especially in the spatial characteristics of process agents. For example, a change in river channel pattern over a short distance reflects a threshold alteration in the physical controls of discharge and/or sediment. It is, therefore, a valuable indication of conditions as they exist. However, we probably will have difficulty determining whether the systemic parameters are now close to threshold conditions at which a different change will occur. This, of course, is a temporal and magnitude problem which is difficult to solve from the spatial characteristics.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Global Mega-Geomorphology; p 23-26
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
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    Autonomous image data reduction by analysis and interpretation (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-29
    Description: Image data is a critical component of the scientific information acquired by space missions. Compression of image data is required due to the limited bandwidth of the data transmission channel and limited memory space on the acquisition vehicle. This need becomes more pressing when dealing with multispectral data where each pixel may comprise 300 or more bytes. An autonomous, real time, on-board image analysis system for an exploratory vehicle such as a Mars Rover is developed. The completed system will be capable of interpreting image data to produce reduced representations of the image, and of making decisions regarding the importance of data based on current scientific goals. Data from multiple sources, including stereo images, color images, and multispectral data, are fused into single image representations. Analysis techniques emphasize artificial neural networks. Clusters are described by their outlines and class values. These analysis and compression techniques are coupled with decision making capacity for determining importance of each image region. Areas determined to be noise or uninteresting can be discarded in favor of more important areas. Thus limited resources for data storage and transmission are allocated to the most significant images.
    Keywords: CYBERNETICS
    Type: NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, The 1988 Goddard Conference on Space Applications of Artificial Intelligence; p 231-242
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  • 10
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    Rapid solidification characteristics in melt spinning a Ni-base superalloy (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The solidification kinetics involved in the process of melt spinning a Ni-base superalloy have been characterized. Through a correlation of ribbon thickness to melt puddle residence time, it was found that the solidification front velocity, V, is typically about 100 mm/sec at the ribbon surface not in contact with the spinning wheel. The rate of solidification varies within the ribbon, increasing with decreasing distance, S, from the wheel-contact surface as V = 3.65/s. Ribbon microstructure and texture characteristics are discussed in light of this kinetics result. The thickness-vs-time correlation was further analyzed to yield information about thermal history during ribbon formation. These thermal results are generally consistent with those deduced from dendrite arm spacing measurements.
    Keywords: METALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Metallurgical Transactions A - Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science (ISSN 0360-2133); 16A; 1773-177
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