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  • 1
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    Analysis of cosmogenic 10Be concentrations of Siwalik sediments and modern river sands from the north-western Himalaya and the calculated 10Be-derived paleoerosion rates (2021)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-24
    Description: Abstract
    Description: These datasets were used to evaluate the main controls on last ~6 million years erosion rate variability of the northwestern Himalaya. The Earth’s climate has been cooling during the last ~15 million years and started fluctuating between cold and warm periods since ~2-3 million years ago. Many researchers think that these long-term climatic changes were accompanied by changes in continental erosion. However, quantifying erosion rates in the geological past is challenging, and previous studies reached contrasting conclusions. In this study, we quantified erosion rates in the north-western Indian Himalaya over the past 6 million years by measuring in situ-produced cosmogenic 10Be in exhumed older foreland basin sediments. The 10Be is produced by cosmic rays in minerals at the Earth's surface, and its abundance indicates erosion rates. Our reconstructed erosion rates show a quasi-cyclic pattern with a periodicity of ~1 million year and a gradual increase towards the present. We suggest that both patterns—cyclicity and gradual increase—are unrelated to climatic changes. Instead, we propose that the growth of the Himalaya by repeatedly scraping off rocks from the Indian plate (basal accretion), resulted in changes of its topography that were accompanied by changes in erosion rates. In this scenario, basal accretion episodically changes rock-uplift patterns, which brings landscapes out of equilibrium and results in quasi-cyclic variations in erosion rates. We used numerical landscape evolution simulations to demonstrate that this hypothesis is physically plausible. Datasets provided here includes summary of the location, depositional age, and stratigraphic position of 41 Siwalik sandstone samples collected from the Haripur section in Himachal Pradesh, India (Dataset S1); 10Be analysis results of Siwalik samples (2021-006_Mandal-et-al_Dataset-S1); sample location and 10Be analysis results of modern river sands from the Yamuna River and its tributaries near the Dehradun Basin (2021-006_Mandal-et-al_Dataset-S2); input parameters for the calculation of paleoerosion rates (2021-006_Mandal-et-al_Dataset-S3); and reconstructed 10Be paleoconcentrations and paleoerosion rates (Dataset S4). Moreover, the data include a compilation of published magnetostratigraphy-derived sediment accumulation rates in the late Cenozoic Himalayan foreland basin (2021-006_Mandal-et-al_Dataset-S5). We also include a movie (2021-006_Mandal-et-al_Movie-S1) that is a complete numerical landscape evolution model run with four consecutive accretion cycles of equal magnitude. For more information (for e.g., sampling method, analytical procedure, and data processing) please refer to the associated data description file and the main article (Mandal et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Himalaya ; cosmogenic 10Be ; paleoerosion rate ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 CLIMATE INDICATORS 〉 PALEOCLIMATE INDICATORS 〉 BERYLLIUM-10 ANALYSIS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 EROSION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 SEDIMENTS
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 2
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    Data Supplement to: Cosmogenic 10Be in river sediment: where grain size matters and why (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Concentrations of in-situ-produced cosmogenic 10Be in river sediment are widely used to estimate catchment-average denudation rates. Typically, the 10Be concentrations are measured in the sand fraction of river sediment. However, the grain size of bedload sediment in most bedrock rivers covers a much wider range. Where 10Be concentrations depend on grain size, denudation rate estimates based on the sand fraction alone are potentially biased. To date, knowledge about catchment attributes that may induce grain-size-dependent 10Be concentrations is incomplete or has only been investigated in modelling studies. Here we present an empirical study on the occurrence of grain-size-dependent 10Be concentrations and the potential controls of hillslope angle, precipitation, lithology, and abrasion. We first conducted a study focusing on the sole effect of precipitation in four granitic catchments located on a climate gradient in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera. We found that observed grain size dependencies of 10Be concentrations in the most-arid and most-humid catchments could be explained by the effect of precipitation on both the scouring depth of erosion processes and the depth of the mixed soil layer. Analysis of a global dataset of published 10Be concentrations in different grain sizes (n=73 catchments) – comprising catchments with contrasting hillslope angles, climate, lithology, and catchment size – revealed a similar pattern. Lower 10Be concentrations in coarse grains (defined as “negative grain size dependency”) emerge frequently in catchments which likely have thin soil and where deep-seated erosion processes (e.g. landslides) excavate grains over a larger depth interval. These catchments include steep (〉 25°) and humid catchments (〉 2000mm yr-1). Furthermore, we found that an additional cause of negative grain size dependencies may emerge in large catchments with weak lithologies and long sediment travel distances (〉 2300–7000 m, depending on lithology) where abrasion may lead to a grain size distribution that is not representative for the entire catchment. The results of this study can be used to evaluate whether catchment-average denudation rates are likely to be biased in particular catchments.Samples from the Chilean Coastal Cordillera were processed in the Helmholtz Laboratory for the Geochemistry of the Earth Surface (HELGES). 10Be/9Be ratios were measured at the University of Cologne and normalized to the KN01-6-2 and KN01-5-3 standards. Denudation rates were calculated using a time-independent scaling scheme according to Lal (1991) and Stone (2002) (St scaling scheme) and the SLHL production rate of 4.01 at g-1 yr-1 as reported by Phillips et al. (2016)The global compilation exists of studies that measured 10Be concentrations in different grain sizes from the same sample location. We only included river basins of 〈5000 km2 which measured 10Be concentrations in at least one sand-sized fraction 〈2 mm and at least one coarser fraction 〉2 mm. Catchment parameters have been recalculated using a 90-m SRTM DEM.The data are presented in Excel and csv tables. Table S1 describes the characteristics of the samples catchments, Table S2 includes the grain size dependent 10Be-concentrations measured during this study and Table 3 the global compilation of grain size dependent 10Be-concentrations. All samples of this study (the Chilean Coastal Cordillera) are assigned with International Geo Sample Numbers (IGSN). The IGSN links are included in Table S2 and in the Related References Section on the DOI Landing Page. The data are described in detail in the data description file and in van Dongen et al. (2018) to which they are supplementary material to.
    Keywords: Denudation ; Grain size dependent 10Be-concentrations ; Chile ; Coastal Cordillera ; Global compilation ; Cosmogenic 10Be ; Cosmogenic nuclides ; chemical element 〉 element of group II (alkaline earth metals) 〉 beryllium ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES 〉 FLUVIAL PROCESSES 〉 ABRASION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 BEDROCK LITHOLOGY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 LANDSLIDES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 WEATHERING ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 SEDIMENT TRANSPORT ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 EROSION
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 4 Files
    Format: application/octet-stream
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  • 3
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    (LiDAR) 3D Point Clouds and Topographic Data from the Chilean Coastal Cordillera (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-18
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The DFG Priority Program 1803 “EarthShape” (www.earthshape.net) investigates Earth surface shaping by biota. As part of this project, we present Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data of land surface areas for the four core research sites of the project. The research sites are located along a latitudinal gradient between ~26 °S and ~38 °S in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera. From north to south, the names of these sites are: National Park Pan de Azúcar; Private Reserve Santa Gracia; National Park La Campana; and National Park Nahuelbuta. The three datasets contain raw 3D point cloud data captured from an airborne LiDAR system, and the following derivative products: a) digital terrain models (DTM, sometimes also referred to as DEM [digital elevation model]) which are (2.5D) raster datasets created by rendering only the LiDAR returns which are assumed to be ground/bare-earth returns and b) digital surface models (DSM) which are also 2.5D raster datasets produced by rendering all the returns from the top of the Earth’s surface, including all objects and structures (e.g. buildings and vegetation). The LiDAR data were acquired in 2008 (southernmost Nahuelbuta [NAB] catchment), 2016 (central La Campana [LC] catchment) and 2020 (central Santa Gracia [SGA] catchment). Except for Nahuelbuta (data already was available from the data provider from a previous project), the flights were carried out as part of the "EarthShape" project. The LiDAR raw data (point cloud/ *.las files) were compressed, merged (as *.laz files) and projected using UTM 19 S (UTM 18 S for the southernmost Nahuelbuta catchment, respectively) and WGS84 as coordinate reference system. A complementary fourth dataset for the northernmost site in the National Park Pan de Azúcar, derived from Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle (UAV) flights and Structure from Motion (SfM) photogrammetry, is expected to be obtained during the first half of 2022 and will be added to the above data set.
    Description: Other
    Description: The DFG Priority Program 1803 "EarthShape - Earth Surface Shaping by Biota" (2016-2022) explored between scientific disciplines and includes geoscientists and biologists to study from different viewpoints the complex question how microorganisms, animals, and plants influence the shape and development of the Earth’s surface over time scales from the present-day to the young geologic past. All study sites are located in the north-to-south trending Coastal Cordillera mountains of Chile, South America. These sites span from the Atacama Desert in the north to the Araucaria forests approximately 1300 km to the south. The site selection contains a large ecological and climate gradient ranging from very dry to humid climate conditions. For more information visit: www.earthshape.net
    Keywords: 3D point cloud ; LiDAR scanner ; Elevation Models ; EarthShape ; Chile ; Coastal Cordillera ; Private Reserve Santa Gracia ; National Park La Campana ; National Park Nahuelbuta ; Earth Remote Sensing Instruments 〉 Active Remote Sensing 〉 Altimeters 〉 Lidar/Laser Altimeters 〉 AIRBORNE LASER SCANNER ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 TOPOGRAPHY 〉 TERRAIN ELEVATION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 TOPOGRAPHY 〉 TOPOGRAPHICAL RELIEF ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SPECTRAL/ENGINEERING 〉 LIDAR ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 MODELS 〉 LAND SURFACE MODELS ; Models/Analyses 〉 DEM ; radiation 〉 laser
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 4
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    STEIN - Stochastic erosion in-situ cosmogenic nuclide model (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-14
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The stochastic erosion in-situ cosmogenic nuclide model is a 1D numerical model that simulates the evolution of the concentrations of in situ-produced Be-10, C-14, and He-3 alongside the bedrock thermal field in the shallow Earth surface. It is useful for evaluating cosmogenic nuclide data derived from field samples, in order to determine the erosion rate, erosion style, as well as the time-integrated bedrock thermal history. The model simulates erosion in four styles: no erosion, uniform (steady-state) erosion, episodic erosion, and stochastic erosion. It is particularly useful for evaluating the time-temperature evolution of bedrock hillslopes in mountainous regions.
    Description: TechnicalInfo
    Description: Copyright 2022 Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
    Keywords: cosmogenic nuclides ; stochastic erosion ; rockfalls ; hillslopes processes ; alpine permafrost ; Beryllium-10 ; Carbon-14 ; Helium-3 ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY 〉 GEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 MODELS
    Type: Software , Software
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  • 5
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    Sample and Modelling Data for Cosmogenic 10Be in Medial Moraine Debris of Glacier d’Otemma, Switzerland (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This data publication is supplementary to the study on headwall erosion rates at Glacier d'Otemma in Switzerland, by Wetterauer et al. (2022). Debris on glacier surfaces stems from steep bedrock hillslopes that tower above the ice, so-called headwalls. Recently, rock walls in high-alpine glacial environments experience increased destabilization due to climate warming. Since supraglacial debris alters the melt behaviour of the ice underneath, increased headwall erosion and debris delivery to glacier surfaces will modify glacial mass balances. Therefore, we expect that the response of glaciers to climate change is likely linked to how headwall erosion responds to climate change. As headwall debris is deposited on the ice surface of valley glaciers it is passively transported downglacier, both supra- and englacially. Where two glaciers join, debris along their margins is merged to form medial moraines. Since medial moraine debris tends to be older downglacier, systematic downglacier-sampling of medial moraine debris and the measurement of in situ-produced cosmogenic 10Be concentrations ([10Be]) hold the potential to assess long-term (〉10^2-10^4 yrs) headwall erosion rates through time. However, to obtain the cosmogenic signals of headwall erosion, [10Be] within supraglacial debris need to be corrected for glacial transport time, as cosmogenic nuclides continue to accumulate during exposure and transport. This additional 10Be accumulation during debris transport can be accounted for by simple downglacier debris trajectory modelling. Providing our 10Be dataset together with detailed information on our 1-D modelling approach is the main objective of this data publication. The data is presented as one single xlsx-file with three different tables. A detailed description of the sample processing and the debris trajectory model are provided in the data description file of this data publication. For more information see our study Wetterauer et al. (2022).
    Description: Other
    Description: The data were collected as part of the project “COLD”, which investigates the Climate Sensitivity of Glacial Landscape Dynamics with a focus on the European Alps. This research receives funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement 759639.
    Keywords: Alpine glaciers ; medial moraines ; cosmogenic 10Be ; grain size ; headwall erosion rates ; supraglacial debris ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 EROSION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY 〉 GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES 〉 CHEMICAL CONCENTRATIONS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY 〉 GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES 〉 ISOTOPES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES 〉 GLACIAL LANDFORMS 〉 MORAINES 〉 MEDIAL MORAINE
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 6
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    High-resolution debris cover mapping using UAV-derived thermal imagery (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publication Date: 2023-03-02
    Description: Abstract
    Description: High resolution debris thickness mapping using land surface temperature maps (LST) and surface energy balance modelling (SEBM). LST data was produced by a radiometric thermal infrared measurements from an uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV). The SEBM considers the rate of change of heat storage as an energy balance component derived from diurnal temperature variablity.
    Description: Other
    Description: Licence: Licence: GNU General Public Licence (Version 3, 19 November 2007) Copyright (C) 2022 Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences (Deniz Gök) This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/〉.
    Keywords: debris-covered glaciers ; debris thickness ; surface energy balance model ; Aircraft 〉 UAV ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 LAND TEMPERATURE 〉 LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE
    Type: Software , Software
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  • 7
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    Beryllium-10 erosion rate data for hillslope erosion in the Coastal Cordillera, Chile (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-27
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This data publication is supplementary to a study on the effect of large boulders and bedrock fracture patterns on hillslope denudation rates in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera, by Lodes et al. (submitted). Hillslope denudation rates are primarily determined by tectonic uplift rates, but landscape morphology is also controlled by climate and lithological properties such as bedrock fractures. Fracture patterns can influence the locations of ridges and valleys in landscapes through lowering surface grain sizes in fractured areas, and therefore the residence time of fractured hillslope material, dictating differential denudation rates. In this project, we used 10Be cosmogenic nuclide analysis to quantify the denudation rates of fractured bedrock, boulders, and soil on hillslopes, and compared the orientations of surrounding streams and faults, to understand the effects of fracturing and faulting on denudation rates, fluvial incision, and grain size in three field sites along a climate gradient in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera. In the humid and semi-arid climate zones, we found that denudation rates for unfractured bedrock and large hillslope boulders (10 to 15 m Myr-1) are lower than for soil (15 to 20 m Myr-1), indicating that exposed bedrock and boulders retard hillslope denudation rates. In the mediterranean climate zone, hillslope denudation rates are higher (40-140 m Myr-1) and show a less consistent pattern, likely due to steeper slopes. LiDAR-derived stream orientations support a fracture-control on landscape denudation in the three field sites, which we link with fracture density. Together, our results thus provide new insights into how fracture patterns can dictate topographic highs and valleys through grain size reduction. The main objective of this data publication is to provide our 10Be dataset which we used to calculate denudation rates for bedrock, boulders, and soils.
    Description: Methods
    Description: We conducted fieldwork in Chile in February 2019 and March 2020. We collected 32 samples from bedrock, boulders, and topsoil in three field areas (Nahuelbuta National Park, La Campana National Park, and Private Reserve Santa Gracia) for cosmogenic 10Be analysis. A detailed description of the field areas can be found in Lodes et al. (submitted). We collected bedrock samples by chipping off and amalgamating 10-15 pieces (~25 cm2 and 〈2cm thick) of bedrock in an area of ~20 m x 20 m. Boulder samples consist of similarly-size chips from 10-15 different boulders of similar size, from an area of ~40 m x 40 m, depending on the abundance of boulders. We collected soil samples from the area surrounding the sampled boulders. The samples are assigned with IGSNs, which are listed in the accompanying data table 2022-004_Lodes-et-al_Data.
    Keywords: 10Be ; cosmogenic radionuclides ; geomorphology ; fractures ; landscape morphology ; tectonic geomorphology ; erosion ; denudation ; boulders ; hillslopes ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 GEOMORPHOLOGY 〉 FLUVIAL LANDFORMS/PROCESSES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 GEOMORPHOLOGY 〉 TECTONIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES ; land 〉 geomorphic process 〉 erosion ; science 〉 geography 〉 geomorphology
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  • 8
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    Cosmogenic 10^Be and 26^Al concentrations in fluvial sediments from the Mohand Range in the northwestern Himalaya (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-11
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Because of the multi-stepped pathways of sediment comprising the foreland fold-thrust belt (FFTB), detrital quartz grains that recycle from the FFTB sources contain cosmogenic radionuclides (CRN), such as 10^Be and 26^Al, accumulated during previous exposure, resulting in inheritance and, hence, anomalously low erosion rates. This inhibits the straightforward use of 10^Be as tracers for modern erosion rates and sediment discharge from the FFTB, prevalent at the external edges of collisional orogens such as the Himalaya. We present a novel approach for quantifying the erosion rates of FFTB by comparing measured and modeled CRN concentrations in fluvial sediments. We apply this approach to the Mohand Range, an emergent fault-related fold in the frontal part of the northwestern Himalaya (see the location map below). The 10^Be and 26^Al datasets presented here were used to calibrate our model, which we used to quantify the erosion rates in and sediment flux from the Mohand Range. Datasets provided here include a summary of the location and depositional age of 33 fluvial sediments and two sandstone samples collected from the Mohand Range, 10^Be analysis results of 23 of these fluvial sediments and two bedrock samples, and 26^Al-10^Be pair analysis results of the remaining ten fluvial sediment samples (Dataset S1). Moreover, the data include the depositional age map of uplifted older foreland sediments across the western Mohand Range (Dataset 2) and the map of best-fit 10^Be concentration inherited from Himalayan paleoerosion (Dataset 3) and sediment burial in the foreland (Dataset 4). We also include a map of the best-fit 10^Be concentration produced during modern erosion of the Mohand Range (Dataset 5) and a map of the best-fit uplift/erosion rates across the western Mohand Range (Dataset 6). For more information (e.g., sampling method, analytical procedure, and data processing), please refer to the main article (Mandal et al., 2023).
    Description: Other
    Description: File description: Dataset S1 (Dataset_S1.pdf): 10^Be and 26^Al sample location and analysis results of fluvial sediment and bedrock samples from the Mohand Range in the northwestern Himalaya. Dataset S2 (Depositional_age.tif): Map of depositional ages (Ma) of uplifted older foreland deposits in the western Mohand Range. Dataset S3 (Paleo10Be.tif): Map of best-fit 10^Be concentration (at gqtz-1) inherited from Himalayan paleoerosion. Dataset S4 (Burial10Be.tif): Map of best-fit 10^Be (at g_qtz^-1) concentration inherited from sediment burial in the foreland. Dataset S5 (Recent10Be.tif): Map of best-fit 10^Be concentration (at g_qtz^-1) acquired during modern erosion of the Mohand Range. Dataset S6 (Erosion_rate.tif): Map of best-fit uplift/erosion rates (mm yr-1) across the western Mohand Range.
    Keywords: Himalaya ; cosmogenic 10Be ; paleoerosion rate ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 CLIMATE INDICATORS 〉 PALEOCLIMATE INDICATORS 〉 BERYLLIUM-10 ANALYSIS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 EROSION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 SEDIMENTATION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 GEOMORPHOLOGY
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  • 9
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    Medial moraine cosmogenic 10Be data and glacier surface velocities from four Swiss valley glaciers around Pigne d’Arolla (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Abstract
    Description: At valley glaciers, rockwall erosion supplies debris to glacier surfaces. Once deposited on the ice, rockwall debris is passively entrained and becomes part of the glacial system, e.g., forming medial moraines as downglacier transport continues. Where debris occurs supraglacial, it modifies ice ablation and, thus, changes in rockwall erosion and debris supply rates modify glacial debris cover and mass balance and may affect glacier retreat in response to climate change. Yet, estimates on rockwall erosion rates close to glacier surfaces are few and quantifying spatiotemporal supply patterns is not trivial. This data publication is supplementary to the study on rockwall erosion rates at five Swiss valley glaciers around Pigne d’Arolla, by Wetterauer & Scherler (2023). We temporally and spatially assess rockwall erosion by measuring in situ-produced cosmogenic 10Be concentrations ('[10Be]measured') in medial moraine debris, which we systematically sampled along downglacier-profiles, and by comparing records from various medial moraines, which are supplied by rockwalls differing in exposure and morphology. However, as '[10Be]measured' within supraglacial debris is the sum of '[10Be]rockwall', accumulated during rockwall erosion, and '[10Be]transport', accumulated during post-depositional downglacier transport, medial moraine '[10Be]measured' should be corrected for '[10Be]transport'. If glacier velocities through time are known, '[10Be]transport' can be estimated by downglacier debris trajectory modelling. Providing our 10Be dataset and ~40-year records of glacier surface velocities from four of the five valley glaciers (Glacier du Brenay, Glacier de Cheilon, Glacier de Pièce, Glacier de Tsijiore Nouve) is the main objective of this data publication. The dataset of the fifth glacier (Glacier d’Otemma) has already been published as case study by Wetterauer et al. (2022a,b).
    Description: Other
    Description: The data were collected as part of the project “COLD”, which investigates the Climate Sensitivity of Glacial Landscape Dynamics with a focus on the European Alps. This research receives funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement 759639.
    Keywords: Alpine glaciers ; medial moraines ; cosmogenic 10Be ; rockwall erosion rates ; supraglacial debris ; glacier surface velocities ; boulder tracking ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 EROSION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY 〉 GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES 〉 CHEMICAL CONCENTRATIONS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY 〉 GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES 〉 ISOTOPES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES 〉 GLACIAL LANDFORMS 〉 MORAINES 〉 MEDIAL MORAINE
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