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  • 1
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    East Atlantic Pattern Drives Multidecadal Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Variability during the Last Glacial Maximum, link to netCDF files (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Song, Zhaoyang; Latif, Mojib; Park, Wonsun (2019): East Atlantic Pattern Drives Multidecadal Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Variability During the Last Glacial Maximum. Geophysical Research Letters, 46(19), 10865-10873, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL082960
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: The variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and its governing processes during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) is investigated in the Kiel Climate Model (KCM). Under LGM conditions, enhanced multidecadal AMOC variability is simulated relative to a preindustrial control run and surface heat flux variability linked to the East Atlantic pattern the primary driver of AMOC variability. In contrast, the multidecadal AMOC variability in the preindustrial control simulation is mainly driven by surface heat flux variability associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Stand-alone atmosphere model experiments show that the difference in mechanism is tightly linked to the differences in topography. The stronger multidecadal AMOC variability suggested by the KCM may be an important additional factor to understanding abrupt climate changes over the North Atlantic sector during the LGM.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 613.9 kBytes
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  • 2
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    Simulated mean climate response to expanded Greenland Ice Sheet in the Kiel Climate Model (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Song, Zhaoyang; Latif, Mojib; Park, Wonsun (2017): Expanding Greenland Ice Sheet Enhances Sensitivity of Plio-Pleistocene Climate to Obliquity Forcing in the Kiel Climate Model. Geophysical Research Letters, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL074835
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: Proxy data suggest that the Plio-Pleistocene transition from ~3.2 - 3.0 to 2.5 Ma featured the onset of Northern Hemisphere glaciation and enhanced climate variability on obliquity timescale. Here, we investigate the influence of the expanding Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) on the mean climate and obliquity-related variability. Special attention is given to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). A series of climate model simulations suggest that the expanding GrIS weakens the AMOC by ~1 Sv, which is mainly due to reduced heat loss of the Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian Sea. Moreover, the expanded GrIS amplifies the Hadley circulation response to obliquity forcing. This drives enhanced obliquity-forced variations in freshwater export from the tropical Atlantic and in turn variations of the AMOC that increase by about a factor. The stronger AMOC response to obliquity forcing in turn drives a stronger global-mean near-surface temperature response. We conclude that the AMOC response to obliquity forcing is important to understand the enhanced climate variability on obliquity timescale during the Plio-Pleistocene transition.
    Keywords: File content; File format; File name; File size; Uniform resource locator/link to model result file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 50 data points
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  • 3
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    Influence of model bias on simulating North Atlantic sea surface temperature during the mid-Pliocene (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Song, Zhaoyang; Latif, Mojib; Park, Wonsun; Zhang, Yuming (2018): Influence of Model Bias on Simulating North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature During the Mid-Pliocene. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018PA003397
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-24
    Description: Climate models generally underestimate the pronounced warming in the sea surface temperature (SST) over the North Atlantic during the mid-Pliocene that is suggested by proxy data. Here, we investigate the influence of the North Atlantic cold SST bias, which is observed in many climate models, on the simulation of mid-Pliocene surface climate in a series of simulations with the Kiel Climate Model. A surface freshwater-flux correction is applied over the North Atlantic, which considerably enhances simulation of North Atlantic Ocean circulation and SST under present-day conditions. Using reconstructed mid-Pliocene boundary conditions with closed Bering and Arctic Archipelago Straits, the corrected model depicts significantly reduced model-proxy SST discrepancy in comparison to the uncorrected model. A key factor in reducing the discrepancy is the stronger and more sensitive Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and poleward heat transport. We conclude that simulations of mid-Pliocene surface climate over the North Atlantic can considerably benefit from alleviating model biases in this region.
    Keywords: File format; File name; File size; GEOMAR; Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel; Uniform resource locator/link to file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 20 data points
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  • 4
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    δ18O and Model data for enhanced Greenland surface-temperature variability during the Last Glacial Maximum (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-20
    Description: Stable oxygen isotope records from central Greenland suggest disproportionally large long-term surface-air temperature (SAT) variability during the last glacial maximum (LGM) relative to preindustrial times. Large perturbations in mean atmospheric circulation and its variability forced by extensive Northern Hemisphere ice sheet coverage has been suggested as cause for the enhanced Greenland SAT variability. Here, we assess the factors driving Greenland SAT variability during the LGM by means of dedicated climate model simulations and find remote forcing from the Pacific of critical importance. Atmospheric teleconnections from the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO), a multidecadal oscillation of sea-surface temperature in the Pacific Ocean, strongly intensify under LGM conditions, driving enhanced surface wind variability over Greenland, which in turn amplifies SAT variability by anomalous atmospheric heat transport. A major role of the IPO in forcing Greenland SAT variability also is supported by a number of models from the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project Phase III.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Binary Object (File Size); Binary Object (Media Type); Description; LGM; Paleo Modelling; PalMod
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 26 data points
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  • 5
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    Wind stress-induced multiyear predictability of annual extratropical North Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies (2020)
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-20
    Description: Long-term predictability of the North Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) is commonly attributed to buoyancy-forced changes of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Here we investigate the role of surface wind stress forcing in decadal hindcasts as another source of extratropical North Atlantic SST predictability. For this purpose, a global climate model is forced by reanalysis (ERA-interim) wind stress anomalies over the period 1979-2017. The simulated climate states serve as initial conditions for decadal hindcasts. Significant skill in predicting detrended observed annual SST anomalies is observed over the extratropical central North Atlantic with anomaly correlation coefficients exceeding 0.6 at lead times of 4 to 7 years. The skill is insensitive to the calendar month of initialization and linked to upper-ocean heat content anomalies that lead anomalous SSTs by several years.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Binary Object (File Size); Binary Object (Media Type); Description
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 36 data points
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