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  • 1
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    Crustal Structure of the Indochina Peninsula From Ambient Noise Tomography (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-17
    Description: The collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates promotes the southeastward extrusion of the Indochina Peninsula while the internal dynamics of its crustal deformation remain enigmatic. Here, we make use of seismic data from 38 stations and employ the ambient noise tomography to construct a 3‐D crustal shear‐wave velocity (Vs) model beneath the Indochina Peninsula. A low‐Vs anomaly is revealed in the mid‐lower crust of the Shan‐Thai Block and probably corresponds to the southern extension of the crustal flow from SE Tibet. Although the Khorat Plateau behaves as a rigid block, the observed low‐Vs anomalies in the lower crust and also below the Moho indicate that the crust may have been partially modified by mantle‐derived melts. The strike‐slip shearing motions of the Red River Fault may have dominantly developed crustal deformation at its western flank where a low‐Vs anomaly is observed at the upper‐middle crust.
    Description: Plain Language Summary: The Indochina Peninsula was believed to behave as a rigid block where significant southeastward extrusion and clockwise rotation have occurred in response to the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates. Here, we employ ambient noise data to obtain the shear‐wave velocity (Vs) images and find deformations in the interior of the crust beneath the Indochina Peninsula. A low‐Vs anomaly is observed in the mid‐lower crust of the Shan‐Thai Block and represents the crustal flow from SE Tibet. The crust of the Khorat Plateau, the core of the Indochina Block, has been partially modified by mantle‐derived melts. The strike‐slip shearing motions of the Red River Fault have brought crustal deformation at its southwestern flank characterized as a low‐Vs anomaly in the upper‐middle crust.
    Description: Key Points: A 3‐D crustal shear‐wave velocity (Vs) model was constructed for the Indochina Peninsula from ambient noise tomography. Low‐Vs in the middle‐lower crust of the Shan‐Thai Block may represent the southern extension of the crustal flow from SE Tibet. The crust of the rigid Khorat Plateau has been partially modified by intrusion of mantle‐derived melts.
    Description: National Natural Science Foundation of China http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809
    Description: the State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University
    Description: Shanghai Sheshan National Geophysical Observatory
    Description: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5235658
    Keywords: ddc:551.1 ; Indochina Peninsula ; crustal structure ; lower‐crustal flow ; ambient noise tomography
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 2
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    A Critical Evaluation of Deep Blue Algorithm Derived AVHRR Aerosol Product Over China (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-30
    Description: The Deep Blue (DB) aerosol retrieval algorithm has recently been applied to Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data to produce a first version (V001) of a global aerosol optical thickness (AOT) data set. In this paper, we critically evaluate these AVHRR AOT data over China by comparison with ground-based reference data from China Aerosol Remote Sensing Network for the period 2006–2011. The evaluation considers the impact of the surface (type and reflectance) and the aerosol properties (aerosol loading, aerosol absorption) on the quality of the retrieved AOT. We also compare the AVHRR-retrieved AOT with that from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer over major aerosol source regions in China. We further consider seasonal variations and find, in general, a good agreement between AVHRR AOT and the reference data sets. The AVHRR retrieval algorithm performs well over dark vegetated surfaces, but over bright surfaces (e.g., desert regions) the results are less good. The AVHRR algorithm underestimates the AOT, with 32.1% of the values lower than the estimated error envelope of ±0.05 ± 0.25τ. In particular over the desert, the AVHRR-retrieved AOT is frequently underestimated and for AOT ≤ 0.6 the values are on average 0.05 too low due to the pixel filtering, and dust storms are missed. The comparison of the AVHRR AOT with MODIS collection 6 and CARSNET data indicates that improvements are needed for, for example, AVHRR calibration and cloud/aerosol flagging. The analysis presented in this paper contributes to a better understanding of the AVHRR AOT product over China.
    Keywords: 551.5 ; China ; AVHRR aerosol data ; data quality validation
    Language: English
    Type: map
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 3
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    Effect of water on the dislocation creep of enstatite aggregates at pressure of 300 MPa (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: This dataset includes raw data collected during the experiments and FTIR/XRD analyses data obtained from samples before and after deformation. To investigate the effect of water on the rheological properties of enstatite, we have conducted triaxial compressive creep experiments, under both water-saturated and anhydrous conditions, on enstatite aggregates using a gas-medium apparatus at the Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota. Values of load, displacement, temperature and pressure versus time data were collected every second during each deformation experiment. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were performed on the starting enstatite powder, the sample before and after deformation using a Rigaku-Miniflex diffractometer with cobalt target. To evaluate water saturation level of experiments, thin sections of enstatite aggregates and embedded olivine single crystals from each experiment were double-polished to a thickness of 200 to 300 µm with diamond lapping film down to a 1-μm finish for Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analyses. Infrared absorption spectra were collected with a Bruker Tensor 37 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5.6 MBytes
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Ammonia data and its related species measured and simulated in the megacity of Beijing during November to December of 2016 (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Ge, Baozhu; Xu, Xiaobin; Ma, Zhiqiang; Pan, Xiaole; Wang, Zhe; Lin, Weili; Ouyang, Bin; Xu, Danhui; Lee, James; Zheng, Mei; Ji, Dongsheng; Sun, Yele; Dong, Huabin; Squires, Freya Anne; Fu, Pingqing; Wang, Zifa (2019): Role of Ammonia on the Feedback Between AWC and Inorganic Aerosol Formation During Heavy Pollution in the North China Plain. Earth and Space Science (ESS), 6(9), 1675-1693, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EA000799
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-16
    Description: Atmospheric NH3 plays a vital role not only in the environmental ecosystem but also in atmosphere chemistry. To further understand the effects of NH3 on the formation of haze pollution in Beijing, ambient NH3 and related species were measured and simulated at high resolutions during the wintertime Air Pollution and Human Health-Beijing (APHH-Beijing) campaign in 2016. The excess NHx was calculated upon the equilibrium system of SO42--NO3--NH4+-water during this campaign. We applied ISORROPIA II model to calculate the aerosol acidity, aerosol water content (AWC) as well as its sensitivity to the SOx(SO2+SO42-),NOx(NO2+NO3-), NHx(NH3+NH4+) inputs. We also run the 3 D model NAQPMS to quantify the effects of NH3 to the heavy pollution in NCP. We found the Increased formation of NH4NO3 under excess NHx, especially during the nighttime, may trigger the decreasing of aerosol deliquescence relative humidity (DRH) even down to less than 50% and hence lead to hygroscopic growth even under RH conditions lower than 50% and the wet aerosol particles become better medium for rapid heterogeneous reactions. A further increase of RH promotes the positive feedback "AWC-heterogeneous reactions" and ultimately leads to the formation of severe haze. Modelling results by NAQPMS show the control of 20% NH3 emission may affect 5~11% of PM2.5 formation under current emissions conditions in the North China Plain (NCP).
    Keywords: aerosol water content; Ammonia; APHH_Beijing; APHH-Beijing; China; MULT; Multiple investigations; NCP; partition; PM2.5
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Meteorological observations in the megacity of Beijing during November to December of 2016 (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-16
    Keywords: aerosol water content; Ammonia; APHH_Beijing; APHH-Beijing; China; DATE/TIME; HEIGHT above ground; Humidity, relative; MULT; Multiple investigations; NCP; partition; PM2.5; Precipitation; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation; Temperature, air
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3230 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Air pollution in the megacity Beijing during November to December of 2016, simulated outputs from NAQPMS model (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-16
    Keywords: aerosol water content; Ammonia; Ammonium; APHH_Beijing; APHH-Beijing; China; DATE/TIME; modelled; MULT; Multiple investigations; NCP; Nitrate; Particulate matter, 〈 2.5 µm; partition; PM2.5; Sulfate
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3264 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Observed ammonia concentration and its related species in the megacity Beijing during November to December of 2016 (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-16
    Keywords: aerosol water content; Aerosol water content; Ammonia; Ammonium; APHH_Beijing; APHH-Beijing; Black carbon, optical; Carbon, organic, water soluble; Carbon monoxide; China; DATE/TIME; Hydrogen ion concentration; MULT; Multiple investigations; NCP; Nitrate; Nitric acid; Nitrogen oxide; Nitrogen oxide excess; Nitrogen oxide oxidation products; Particulate matter, 〈 2.5 µm; partition; PM2.5; Sulfate; Sulfur dioxide
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 11403 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Air pollution in the megacity Beijing during November to December of 2016, ISORROPIA II model outputs of aerosol acidity, aerosol water content and AWC sensitivity (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-16
    Keywords: aerosol water content; Aerosol water content; Ammonia; APHH_Beijing; APHH-Beijing; China; DATE/TIME; Hydrogen ion concentration; modelled; MULT; Multiple investigations; NCP; partition; pH; PM2.5
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4164 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Hydrographic and nutrient data from 1975-2020 on the Scotian Shelf, Northwest Atlantic (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Subsurface nutrients on the Scotian Shelf, an ocean region at the convergence of the subpolar and subtropical western boundary currents (i.e., Labrador Current and Gulf Stream), are chiefly modulated by upstream shelf and slope waters. Yet little is known about long-term fluctuations in the advective transport of nutrients to the shelf. To examine the relationships between subsurface nutrient concentrations and dominant slope water masses at the Scotian Shelf break, we assembled all available hydrographic data (temperature, salinity) and dissolved nutrient data (nitrate, phosphate, silicate) for the period 1975-2020. Hydrographic and nutrient data were extracted from the Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) data archives MEDS (Marine Environmental Data Section Archive; DFO, 2023a) and BioChem (DFO, 2023b; Devine et al., 2014), respectively, and predominantly include data from current DFO programs (e.g., Atlantic Zone Monitoring Program (AZMP)) and legacy datasets. Hydrographic data consist of vertical water column profiles collected using a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) profiler, generally mounted to a rosette sampler equipped with Niskin bottles for discrete water and nutrient sampling (Mitchel et al., 2002). Nutrient (nitrate, phosphate, silicate) measurements generally followed well established colorimetric techniques outlined in detail in the AZMP sampling protocol (Mitchell et al., 2002). Only nutrient data that passed initial quality control (i.e., BioChem quality flags of 1 and 0) are included in the datasets provided here (see Devine et al., 2014 for details on quality control (QC) procedures). In addition to hydrographic and nutrient parameters, datasets further include information on designated regions (e.g., WSS: Western Scotian Shelf, CSS: Central Scotian Shelf, ESS: Eastern Scotian Shelf) as defined in Lehmann et al (2023).
    Keywords: Compilation; Cruise/expedition; Data ID; Data source; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; hydrography; LATITUDE; Location; LONGITUDE; Nitrate; Northwest Atlantic; nutrients; Phosphate; Salinity; Scotian Shelf; Silicate; Station label; Temperature, water; Uniform resource locator/link to source data file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1457858 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Hydrographic CTD data from 1975-2020 on the Scotian Shelf, Northwest Atlantic (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Subsurface nutrients on the Scotian Shelf, an ocean region at the convergence of the subpolar and subtropical western boundary currents (i.e., Labrador Current and Gulf Stream), are chiefly modulated by upstream shelf and slope waters. Yet little is known about long-term fluctuations in the advective transport of nutrients to the shelf. To examine the relationships between subsurface nutrient concentrations and dominant slope water masses at the Scotian Shelf break, we assembled all available hydrographic data (temperature, salinity) and dissolved nutrient data (nitrate, phosphate, silicate) for the period 1975-2020. Hydrographic and nutrient data were extracted from the Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) data archives MEDS (Marine Environmental Data Section Archive; DFO, 2023a) and BioChem (DFO, 2023b; Devine et al., 2014), respectively, and predominantly include data from current DFO programs (e.g., Atlantic Zone Monitoring Program (AZMP)) and legacy datasets. Hydrographic data consist of vertical water column profiles collected using a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) profiler, generally mounted to a rosette sampler equipped with Niskin bottles for discrete water and nutrient sampling (Mitchel et al., 2002). Nutrient (nitrate, phosphate, silicate) measurements generally followed well established colorimetric techniques outlined in detail in the AZMP sampling protocol (Mitchell et al., 2002). Only nutrient data that passed initial quality control (i.e., BioChem quality flags of 1 and 0) are included in the datasets provided here (see Devine et al., 2014 for details on quality control (QC) procedures). In addition to hydrographic and nutrient parameters, datasets further include information on designated regions (e.g., WSS: Western Scotian Shelf, CSS: Central Scotian Shelf, ESS: Eastern Scotian Shelf) as defined in Lehmann et al (2023).
    Keywords: Compilation; Cruise/expedition; CTD; Data ID; Data source; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; hydrography; LATITUDE; Location; LONGITUDE; Name; Northwest Atlantic; Salinity; Scotian Shelf; Temperature, water; Uniform resource locator/link to source data file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 17375611 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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