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  • Articles  (39)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Moisture relationships for the Southern Hemisphere (1980)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 118 (1980), S. 1076-1089 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Precipitable water
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Values for mean precipitable water are computed for four seasons of the year and for different regions of the Southern Hemisphere. Relationships between surface dew-point temperature and precipitable water were studied for these regions. A harmonic analysis of our data on precipitable water is attempted. Out results are presented and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01593051
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The thermal diffusivity of soil at tropical stations in southern hemisphere (1972)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 101 (1972), S. 247-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary The study of heat transfer or temperature changes in the surface layers of the soil are important in agricultural science at tropical latitudes. The quantity, thermal diffusivity largely determines the temperature changes produced in the layer of the soil when heat is conducted there from an adjacent layer. Therefore, the authors have determined the thermal diffusivity of the soil at the sites Arapongas (23.5°S, 51.7°W) and São José dos Campos (23.3°S, 45.8°W), in Brazil (South America), in accordance with the simple theory of periodic heat flow in a one dimensional, semiinfinite, homogeneous medium. The diffusivity increases with the increase of moisture content in the surface layers of the soil. The results of diffusivity obtained from these methods agree well with those of past workers obtained by other techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876788
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A preliminary study of precipitable water over Brazil (1979)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 117 (1979), S. 883-890 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Precipitable water ; Brazil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A preliminary study of precipitable water over Brazil is attempted. Mean values for January are presented in this paper. A regression equation connecting the surface dew-point temperature and the precipitable water was computed along the lines of studies made by Reitan (1963), and the results are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876072
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The thermal diffusivity of red sandy soil at Waltair (1969)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 74 (1969), S. 195-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary The study of heat exchanges or temperature changes in the surface layers of the soil are important in agricultural science at tropical latitudes. The quantity, thermal diffusivity largely determines the temperature change produced in any layer of the soil when heat is conducted there from an adjacent layer. Therefore, the authors have determined the thermal diffusivity of the soil from range and lag methods suggested byJohnson andDavies [15]2) andCoutis [7] respectively. The values of diffusivity cbtained from these methods agree well with each other. The effect of soil moisture on diffusivity has been studied. The diffusivity increases with the increase of moisture in the surface layers of the scil. The ratio of ranges of soil temperature at different depths is found to be approximately constant which is in agreement with the theory of heat flow into the soils. The results of diffusivity obtained from these methods agree well with those results of past workers. The mean value of the thermal diffusivity of red sandy soil at the experimental site of Waltair is found to be 6.336×10−3 cm2/sec.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00875198
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relation between solar radiation and hours of bright sunshine at some tropical stations (1969)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 74 (1969), S. 186-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary The relationship between (Q) total solar radiation, as measured by a solarimeter, and hours of bright sunshine (n), as measured by a Campbell-Stokes recorder, has been examined on a monthly basis for three tropical stations Madras, Waltair and Nagpur. The regression equations relating the data are calculated in the non-dimentional form of Ångström type $$Q = Q_A \left( {a + b\frac{n}{N}} \right)$$ whereQ A is the maximum possible radiation andN in the maximum possible duration of bright sunshine. The individual regression relationships for the three stations are also verified; the agreement between the computed values and observed solar radiation is good. It has been shown that the slope of the relationshipb is approximately constant, while the value ofa is a function of latitude. An empirical relationship leading to the Ångström equation at latitude θ over the range 0°–60° as derived byGlover andMcCulloch [13]2) gives values in reasonable accord. A combined equation for the three stations of the form $$Q/Q_A = 0.29 \cos \phi + 0.51\frac{n}{N}$$ has been presented. The sum ofa andb has been shown to lie around a mean of 0.77, in good agreement with the other workers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00875197
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of sensible fluxes from different climatic stations (1969)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 75 (1969), S. 365-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary Two methods of the evaluation of sensible heat flux are briefly presented from the view point of their application to micrometeorology. The comparison of sensible fluxes for coastal and inland stations is presented, in order to explain the influence of the marine atmosphere on these fluxes. They reach a maximum value in summer at the coastal stations, due to maximum wind speed and high convective activity developed by the influence of the marine atmosphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00875066
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface energy balance at a tropical station (1970)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 81 (1970), S. 279-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary Studies of various fluxes, namely net radiation, soil heat, sensible heat and latent heat observed at a tropical station are presented in this paper. The time variation of these fluxes are examined in relation to various meteorological parameters and atmospheric conditions. The turbulent transfer coefficients have been evaluated to examine the applicability of the classical theory or the non-equivalence theory for eddy transport in the lower layers of the atmosphere. The energy balance at a tropical station is evaluated. It is found over year there is a net surplus of 94,000 ly. A detailed discussion of the disposal of this energy by various consuming processes is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00875034
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atmospheric heating rates at some tropical stations (1971)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 86 (1971), S. 140-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00875080
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on night radiation at some Indian Stations (1967)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 68 (1967), S. 214-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary The present paper contains studies of the nocturnal radiation at some Indian Stations (Madras, Waltair, Nagpur, New Delhi and Poona) with the help of the Ångström compensation Pyrgeometer. The technique of measurement is also described briefly. A study of the mean monthly variation of sky radiation during clear as well as all nights has been discussed. A comparitive study of mean monthly values of sky and other nocturnal radiation components at these stations is also presented. Ångström, [4]2) expressed the dependence of sky radiationS—on water vapour pressuree (mm of mercury) at the earth's surface and air temperatureT (degrees absolute), near the instrument to be given byS=σT 4 (0.75–0.32×10−0.069e ) cal/cm2/min. According to this semi-empirical relationship, the calculated values of sky radiation for clear nights are smaller than the observed values of sky radiation at all the above stations. It is for this reason the authors obtained a new formula with different constants using nine years observed data at all the stations. To investigate the value of the constant, the mean annual observations presented for nine years from clear skies were analysed for correlations betweenB (black body radiation) versesS (sky radiation),N (net radiation) andE (absolute error) and obtained a good correlation co-efficients 0.90, 1 and 0.98 respectively. The new suggested formula isS=σT 4 (0.88–0.32×10−0.069e ) cal/cm2/min, 267° A〈T〈313° A. It is also verified using with observed data of different years of the stations. The agreement between the computed values with the new formula of sky radiation and observed sky radiation is found to be good.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00874896
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on radiation balance at a tropical station (1972)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 97 (1972), S. 183-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary Studies of various radiation fluxes, namely solar radiation, albedo (reflection coefficient), long-wave radiation of the earth and the atmosphere and net radiation observed at a tropical station are presented in this paper. The time variation of these fluxes are examined in relation to various meteorological parameters and atmospheric conditions. The constants of the general radiation balance equation are determined. The calculated radiation balance equation with new constants for the station isR=0.86 (1−α)S−4.2. A high correlation coefficient 0.99 is obtained between net short-wave radiation (1−α)S and net radiationR. The radiation balance at a tropical station is evaluated. It is found over a year there is a net surplus of 94 kilo-langleys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00875961
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