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  • Articles  (109)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 26 (1987), S. 370-373 
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 1843-1845 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The current-density-profile diagnostic system developed for the Texas experimental tokamak (TEXT) employs a cw dye laser system to induce fluorescence in a Li beam injected into a tokamak. This laser has spectral and polarization modulation requirements not available in commercial systems. The required spectrum is a bandwidth of approximately 5 GHz at a wavelength of 667 nm. The intensity within the bandwidth should be as uniform as possible, i.e., a quasicontinuum within the 5-GHz bandwidth. The polarization of the laser must remain linear, but the plane of polarization must be rotated at a high frequency, 50 kHz. The details of the Li atomic spectroscopy in a tokamak and the requirements of the diagnostic system that lead to these desired laser parameters will be addressed. The laser system and polarization modulator which have been developed will be discussed in detail, including both design and performance parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 1071-1071 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The Zeeman current-density profile diagnostic system installed on TEXT has observed the polarization shift of the π-line of the Zeeman split Li D lines due to the poloidal magnetic fields. The Li is injected into the plasma as a 95-keV neutral beam, and a cw dye laser is used to measure polarization shifts. The laser is tuned into resonance with the π-line and the polarization vector of the laser is rotated at 50-kHz using an electro-optic technique. The resulting 100-kHz laser-induced fluorescence signal is phase analyzed in order to observe the polarization shifts due to poloidal field. The Li beam intensity into the tokamak is approximately 1 mA and the dye laser intensity is 1 W at 3 GHz bandwidth. The diagnostic system and these early results will be discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 1126-1126 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The expected results are presented for a fast, selective 14-MeV neutron detector which should be capable of separately measuring the confinement and energy loss of fast tritons for the first time. The tritons, from D–D reactions in a deuterium plasma, are observed when they collide with deuterons while slowing down, producing a characteristic 14-MeV neutron. Triton experiments are an excellent test for the confinement of fusion-produced alphas in a self-sustained reactor, which is critically dependent on plasma heating by the alphas. The triton production rate is pulsed by injecting a burst of deuterium using a neutral-beam heating source. The temporal distribution of the 14-MeV neutron flux is determined by the confinement and slowdown rate of the tritons. The expected flux is calculated as a function of time for the predicted triton transport, anomalous particle losses, and anomalous energy-loss rates, thus demonstrating how the various effects can be separately determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 199 (1963), S. 491-492 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In a typical experiment with phytoene (ex carrot oil) 20 mg were treated with N-bromosuccinimide according to the method of Zechmeister and Koe9 for 8-10 min at 80-85 under carbon dioxide. The reaction mixture was chromatographed on a column of either CaO/'Celite' or alumina (Brockmann, grade V). ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 2722-2730 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Measurements in the DIII-D tokamak [J. L. Luxon et al., Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion Research, 1986 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1987), Vol. I, p. 159] show that edge gradients of ion and electron temperature and pressure, ∇Ti, ∇Te, ∇Pi, and ∇Pe, are good candidates for parameters which respond to the heating power to control the fundamental physics of the spontaneous Low-mode (L-mode) to High-mode (H-mode) transition. These gradients are measured in the region where the H-mode transport barrier forms and they are found to consistently increase in time during the L-phase of discharges which make a transition to H-mode. Moreover, for a fixed magnetic configuration, there is a well-defined boundary between the L-mode and H-mode states in the ∇Te−∇Pe operational space. The values of Ti, Te, Pi, and Pe, measured at this location, show smaller relative changes during the L-phase of these discharges, indicating that the scale lengths of these quantities are decreasing as the L–H transition is approached in time. These results are consistent with several theoretical models in which gradients of pressure or temperature cause the transition. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 1617-1619 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The current density profile diagnostic system presently operating on the Texas Experimental Tokamak (TEXT) employs a cw dye laser system to induce fluorescence in a lithium beam injected into the discharge. Systematic effects due to the finite lifetime of the excited state and enhancement of the beam attenuation during laser excitation limit the application of this technique to plasma densities (approximately-less-than)1×1013 cm−3. Laser enhancement of beam attenuation results from the large collisional ionization cross sections of the excited Li 2P state compared to the 2S ground state. This effect is exploited in a new diagnostic scheme which uses the polarization modulation of the present technique, but monitors the enhanced attenuation as opposed to the fluorescence. Detailed modeling indicates that a collinear beams configuration, with a short pulse laser and time-of-flight signal analysis, will provide a measurement of the complete poloidal field profile on TEXT at plasma densities up to 3×1013 cm−3 with 16-ms averaging times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 1735-1737 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Plasma diagnostics employing energetic lithium beams are in routine use on several present-day tokamak experiments. These measurements are constrained by the availability of a suitable lithium ion source. Necessary and/or desirable parameters include narrow energy spread, high-emission current density, simplicity, and long lifetime. The existing ion gun on the TEXT experiment uses the thermionic emitter β-eucryptite and meets the above requirements, except for being limited to a useful emission of about 4 mA. We will present design criteria and accelerator results for a new ion gun capable of 15-mA emission based on an increased emitter area. Important design considerations are the thermal and mechanical properties of the large (∼20 cm2) emitter area and the ion optics required to focus the emitted flux into a beam of ∼1-cm2 cross section. The potential improvement in the performance of both the TEXT and ASDEX diagnostic systems will be discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 1552-1556 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A diagnostic system has been developed to measure the direction of the local magnetic field within the plasma of a tokamak by making use of Zeeman splitting in an injected neutral lithium beam. A linearly polarized dye laser is used to pump the π component of the 2S-2P resonant transition. The laser polarization is rotated at a fixed frequency, and phase analysis of the subsequent fluorescence identifies the local field direction. The instrument can monitor many radial points within the plasma simultaneously, allowing a current density profile to be determined on a single shot basis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Long wavelength turbulence as well as heat and momentum transport are significantly reduced in the DIII-D tokamak [Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1987), Vol. I, p. 159] as a result of neon seeding of a low confinement mode negative central shear discharge. Correspondingly, the energy confinement time increases by up to 80%. Fully saturated turbulence measurements near ρ=0.7 (ρ=r/a) in the wave number range 0.1≤k⊥ρs≤0.6, obtained with beam emission spectroscopy, exhibit a significant reduction of fluctuation power after neon injection. Fluctuation measurements obtained with far infrared scattering also show a reduction of turbulence in the core, while the Langmuir probe array measures reduced particle flux in the edge and scrape-off layer. Gyrokinetic linear stability simulations of these plasmas are qualitatively consistent, showing a reduction in the growth rate of ion temperature gradient driven modes for 0〈k⊥ρs≤1.4, and nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations show a reduced saturated density fluctuation amplitude. The measured ωE×B shearing rate increased at ρ=0.7, suggesting that impurity-induced growth rate reduction is acting synergistically with ωE×B shear to decrease turbulence and reduce anomalous transport. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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