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  • 1
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    Persistent multidecadal power of the Indian summer monsoon (2010)
    In:  EPIC3Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 290, pp. 166-172
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 2
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    Trends and oscillations in the Indian summer monsoon rainfall over the last two millennia (2015)
    Macmillan Publishers Limited
    In:  EPIC3Nature Communications, Macmillan Publishers Limited, 6(6309), pp. 1-8
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-30
    Description: Observations show that summer rainfall over large parts of South Asia has declined over the past five to six decades. It remains unclear, however, whether this trend is due to natural variability or increased anthropogenic aerosol loading over South Asia. Here we use stable oxygen isotopes in speleothems from northern India to reconstruct variations in Indian monsoon rainfall over the last two millennia. We find that within the long-term context of our record, the current drying trend is not outside the envelope of monsoon’s oscillatory variability, albeit at the lower edge of this variance. Furthermore, the magnitude of multi-decadal oscillatory variability in monsoon rainfall inferred from our proxy record is comparable to model estimates of anthropogenic-forced trends of mean monsoon rainfall in the 21st century under various emission scenarios. Our results suggest that anthropogenicforced changes in monsoon rainfall will remain difficult to detect against a backdrop of large natural variability
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
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    A global context for megadroughts in monsoon Asia during the past millennium (2011)
    PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
    In:  EPIC3Quaternary Science Reviews, PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 30, pp. 47-62, ISSN: 0277-3791
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Proxy reconstructions of precipitation from central India, north-central China, and southern Vietnam reveal a series of monsoon droughts during the mid 14th–15th centuries that each lasted for several years to decades. These monsoon megadroughts have no analog during the instrumental period. They occurred in the context of widespread thermal and hydrologic climate anomalies marking the onset of the Little Ice Age (LIA) and appear to have played a major role in shaping significant regional societal changes at that time. New tree ring-width based reconstructions of monsoon variability suggest episodic and widespread reoccurrences of monsoon megadroughts continued throughout the LIA. Although the El-Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) plays an important role in monsoon variability, there is no conclusive evidence to suggest that these megadroughts were associated with anomalous sea surface temperature anomalies that were solely the result of ENSO-like variability in the tropical Pacific. Instead, the causative mechanisms of these megadroughts may reside in protracted changes in the synoptic-scale monsoon climatology of the Indian Ocean. Today, the intra-seasonal monsoon variability is dominated by ‘active’ and the ‘break’ spells – two distinct oscillatory modes of monsoon that have radically different synoptic scale circulation and precipitation patterns. We suggest that protracted locking of the monsoon into the “break-dominated” mode – a mode that favors reduced precipitation over the Indian sub-continent and SE Asia and enhanced precipitation over the equatorial Indian Ocean, may have caused these exceptional droughts. Impetus for periodic locking of the monsoon into this mode may have been provided by cooler temperatures at the extratropical latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere which forced the mean position of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) further southward in the Indian Ocean.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 4
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    The leading mode of Indian summer monsoon precipitation variability during the last millennium (2011)
    AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
    In:  EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION, 38, pp. L15703, ISSN: 0094-8276
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: The “internally” generated intraseasonal variability of the Indian Summer Monsoon is characterized by intermittent periods of enhanced (“active”) and deficient (“break”) precipitation, which produce a quasi east-west precipitation dipole over the Indian subcontinent. Here we present multicentennial-length and near annually-resolved reconstructions of monsoon precipitation, inferred from absolute-dated and instrumentally calibrated speleothem oxygen isotope records from regions (central and northeast India) that have diametric responses to active-break monsoon circulation patterns. On centennial timescales (AD 1400–2008), precipitation variability from these two regions exhibit opposing behavior, oscillating between periods with a persistently “active-dominated” (AD ∼1700 to 2007) and a “break-dominated” (AD 1400 to ∼1700) regime. The switch between these regimes occurs abruptly (within decades) at a time (AD ∼ 1650–1700) when a proxy record of upwelling intensity from the Arabian Sea suggest an abrupt increase in the monsoon winds. On the basis of these observations, we hypothesize that the frequency distribution of active-break periods varies on centennial timescales, implying a leading role of internal dynamics in governing the ISM response to slowly-evolving changes in the external boundary conditions.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 5
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    On the low frequency component of the ENSO–Indian Monsoon relationship; a paired proxy perspective (2013)
    Copernicus
    In:  EPIC3Climate of the Past Discussions, Copernicus, 9, pp. 3103-3123, ISSN: 1814-9324
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: There are a number of clear examples in the instrumental period where positive El Niño events were coincident with a severely weakened summer monsoon over India (ISM). ENSO's influence on the Indian Monsoon has therefore remained the centerpiece of various predictive schemes of ISM rainfall for over a century. The teleconnection between the monsoon and ENSO has undergone a protracted weakening since the late 1980's suggesting the strength of ENSO's influence on the monsoon may vary considerably on multidecadal timescales. The recent weakening has specifically prompted questions as to whether this shift represents a natural mode of climate variability or a fundamental change in ENSO and/or ISM dynamics due to anthropogenic warming. The brevity of empirical observations and large systematic errors in the representation of these two systems in state-of-the-art general circulation models hamper efforts to reliably assess the low frequency nature of this dynamical coupling under varying climate forcings. Here we place the 20th century ENSO-Monsoon relationship in a millennial context by assessing the phase angle between the two systems across the time spectrum using a continuous tree-ring ENSO reconstruction from North America and a speleothem oxygen isotope (δ18O) based reconstruction of the ISM. The results suggest that in the high-frequency domain (≤ 15 yr), El Niño (La Niña) events persistently lead to a weakened (strengthened) monsoon consistent with the observed relationship between the two systems during the instrumental period. However, in the low frequency domain (≥ 60 yr), periods of strong monsoon are, in general, coincident with periods of enhanced ENSO variance. This relationship is opposite to which would be predicted dynamically and leads us to conclude that ENSO is not pacing the prominent multidecadal variability that has characterized the ISM over the last millennium.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , notRev
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  • 6
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    Role of vitamin E in growth of an Indian major carp, Catla (Catla catla) (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/16506 | 12051 | 2015-04-03 06:43:03 | 16506 | Indian Fisheries Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-06
    Description: A feeding trial was conducted to study the role of vitamin E in growth of Catla catla fry. Newly hatched larvae of Catla were fed with synthetic diet, supplemented with graded levels of vitamin E α0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 mg/Kg of diet. The spawn were fed with five times of their body weight for 30 days. Observation was made on the basis of survival, growth, daily weight gain and food conversion ratio. The significant weight gain and highest survival could be achieved by the diet supplemented with 150 mg of vitamin E per kg of the diet. The weight gain per day in 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg vitamin F/kg supplemented diet were 4.0, 5.2, 6.5, 7.8, 6.8 and 6.3 mg, while survival was 50, 51.8, 52.4, 52.8, 52.2 and 52% respectively.
    Description: Paper presented at the National Symposium on Aquacrops, 16-18 November 1994, Versova, Bombay (India)
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; nutritional requirements ; freshwater fish ; food conversion ; Catla catla ; feeding trials
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 91-96
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  • 7
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    Investigating the Relationship between IPDPs and Pi1B Waves (2019)
    In:  EPIC3AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, USA, 2019-12-09-2019-12-13
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-12-22
    Description: IPDPs (intervals of pulsations with diminishing periods) are a subset of EMIC waves. Pi1Bs (pulsations irregular 1Hz bursts) are ULF waves closely correlated with substorm onset. Prior research has indicated there may be a relationship between the two, but this relationship has not yet been fully fleshed out. In this presentation, we investigate the relationship between evening sector IPDPs and Pi1B. To do so we utilize searchcoil magnetometer, fluxgate magnetometer, riometer, and imaging riometer data from a collection of Antarctic ground stations (Halley Research Station, Neumayer, Maitri, Syowa, and Mawson) that span 10 degrees in CGM latitude, 4 hours in MLT, and L shells 4 through 9. We also utilize magnetometer data from satellites in conjunction including SWARM, which reveals a local unidentified ULF signature equatorward of the ground instrumentation (more work is required to fully understand this). From the ground instrumentation, we observe Pi1B in the late evening MLT region crossing over into the early dawn region, and IPDPs in the early evening MLT region. Despite the 4 hour range in MLT, we observe these events near simultaneously with only a ~15 minute delay between the start of the Pi1B and the start of the IPDP. We observe correlated cosmic noise absorption (CNA) that occurs simultaneously with and encompasses the full duration of these events. The ULF activity we observe aligns well with what we expect from previous work done on the subject-- IPDPs appear at lower geomagnetic latitudes (60-65 degrees) than Pi bursts, which are more prominent at ~70 degrees-- but the CNA we observe has less precedence in prior research. In this presentation, we describe our observations in detail as well as possible mechanisms that might link the Pi1B and IPDP waves, as well as the CNA.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 8
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    Probiotics and nutrient supplement in artificial feed of gold fish (Carassius auratus) (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/17422 | 12051 | 2015-07-05 08:00:10 | 17422 | Indian Fisheries Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-12
    Description: The efficacy of three feeds incorporated with different probiotics -Lactobacil, Vizylac and Cyfolac as nutrient supplement was evaluated in an ornamental fish, Carassius auratus (Linn.). The basal diet (40% protein) was prepared and the probiotics were incorporated at different levels viz. Lactobacil at 8x10 super(7)/100g and 12x10 super(7)/100g, Vizylac at 8x10 super(7)/100g and 12x10 super(7)/100g and Cyfolac at 12x10 super(7)/100g. Feeding trial was conducted for a period of 4 weeks. At the end of the experiment, bio-growth parameters and proximate composition of the fishes were studied. The growth, survival and protein content were improved in all the probiotic fed fishes compared to control. The maximum growth (0.74 g) and survival (85%) were observed in fishes fed with Lactobacil at 12x10 super(7)/100g. It emphasizes that supplementation of feed with probiotics has a positive impact on the growth, survival and the body composition of goldfish.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; growth ; body weight ; nutritional requirements ; food composition ; proteins ; survival ; fish culture ; Carassius auratus
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 139-144
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  • 9
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    Ionospheric Disturbances Over the Indian Sector During 8 September 2017 Geomagnetic Storm: Plasma Structuring and Propagation (2021)
    Wiley-Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-26
    Description: The series of X and M class flares and associated coronal mass ejections that occurred on the first days of September 2017 induced significant perturbations on the low-latitude ionospheric electrodynamics. On 8 September in the Indian sector, the storm caused a severe modification of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) with a consequent variation of the ionospheric structuring and dynamics. In our analysis, we propose an original method to isolate and identify EEJ variations from geomagnetic data and we detect the presence of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPB) from L-band total electron content (TEC) data in order to understand their movement. Our results provide evidence of independent EPBs appearance freshly generated and inherited from a migrating plasma structure. The EPB (or EPBs) occurring in the south of India is/are freshly generated just above the magnetic equator, and is/are likely triggered by the sudden increase of EEJ just before the local sunset, acting as a pre-reversal enhancement. The EPB appearing in the North-East Indian region is associated with a migrating structure, resulting in a northward movement with a velocity of about 650 m/s, possibly testifying the passage of a large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbance. The occurrence of severe post-sunset scintillations in the northeastern sector suggests a possible cascade process forming small-scale irregularities from the migrating EPB.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2020SW002607
    Description: 2A. Fisica dell'alta atmosfera
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ropalidia rufoplagiata: a polistine wasp society probably lacking permanent reproductive division of labour (1993)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 40 (1993), S. 69-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Ropalidia rufoplagiata ; Vespidae ; polygyny ; permanent reproductive division of labour ; eusociality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Ropalidia rufoplagiata Cameron (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), a polistine species from penisular India, appears to be unique among all known primitively eusocial wasps. A total of 33 out of 46 identified females from an observed colony were found to oviposit on 1–17 occasions. No single predominant egg-layer could be identified during the 45-day period. Of the 17 dissected egg-layers, 12 were mated. All egg-layers showed several oviposition-related behavioural patterns including systematic, but indiscriminate, cannibalism of eggs and larvae, cleaning of empty cells, and guarding of freshly-laid eggs. There was no correlation between the egg-laying activity of the females (whether mated or not), oophagy, and their position in the dominance hierarchy. All nest-maintenance activities were performed exclusively by the egg-layers, while the non-egg-layers were mainly involved in the extranidal task of foraging. No significant morphometric differences between egg-layers and foragers could be discerned. Almost all the older individuals in the colony were egg-layers, while foragers were mainly younger animals. Such a temporal differentiation in reproductive labour suggests the absence of a permanent reproductive caste in this species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01338833
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