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  • Articles  (411)
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Journal
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Xenopus laevis embryo ; Lipocalin ; Neural plate ; Choroid plexus ; Retinoid binding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The importance of retinoids in early development has been increasingly recognized during the past decade. Their transport and action are mediated by extracellular, intracellular and nuclear proteins. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of a cDNA, Xlcpl1, coding for a lipocalin that is most likely involved in the transport of retinoids in the embryonic nervous system of Xenopus laevis. Lipocalins generally are carriers for small hydrophobic molecules. The expression of Xlcpl1 shows a distinct spatial and temporal pattern: transcription was observed in the anterior-most part of the neural plate at embryonic stages 13–14 whereas in adult brain, Xlcpl1 is expressed exclusively in the choroid plexus. In addition, expression was also found at the dorsal borders of the eye anlagen and in the otic vesicle of mid-neurula stage embryos. In order to gain insight into the molecular function of Xlcpl1, we caused ectopic overexpression by injecting fertilized eggs with either an excess of sense mRNA or DNA constructs under the control of the EF1α promotor. The resulting embryos developed a dysmorphogenised anterior neural system, in particular malformed heads and eyes. Phenotypic defects were therefore similar to those obtained by retinoic acid treatment at the gastrula stage or overexpression of other proteins involved in retinoic acid signalling in the early embryo. Retinoic acid treatment disrupts the endogenous gradient of retinoids that supposedly controls antero-posterior differentiation. By analogy, we propose that local overexpression of Xlcpl1 reflects precisely the situation of exogenous application of retinoic acid. In fact, we have shown biochemically that Xlcpl1 is suited to mediate the cellular retinoid signal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 210 (2000), S. 575-578 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words IRG1 ; Ectoderm ; Gastrulation ; Xenopus laevis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract XIRG (for Xenopus IRG) was cloned by screening a cDNA library of UV-ventralized stage 13 Xenopus laevis embryos for specifically ventrally expressed mRNAs. Embryonic XIRG mRNA expression is restricted to non-neural ectoderm at the gastrula and neurula stages. In adult X. laevis, XIRG mRNA can be detected in skin and kidney. Extensive searches in nucleic acid and protein databases revealed homologous sequences in mouse, human and zebrafish. Mouse IRG1 mRNA is expressed in cultured macrophages as a response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 37 (1996), S. 5087-5110 
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: We present a semiclassical theory of weak disorder effects in small structures and apply it to the magnetic response of non-interacting electrons confined in integrable geometries. We discuss the various averaging procedures describing different experimental situations in terms of one- and two-particle Green functions. We demonstrate that the anomalously large zero-field susceptibility characteristic of clean integrable structures is only weakly suppressed by disorder. This damping depends on the ratio of the typical size of the structure with the two characteristic length scales describing the disorder (elastic mean-free-path and correlation length of the potential) in a power-law form for the experimentally relevant parameter region. We establish the comparison with the available experimental data and we extend the study of the interplay between disorder and integrability to finite magnetic fields. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Many bacterial pathogens secrete proteins that activate host trypsinogen-like enzyme precursors, most notably the proenzymes of the blood coagulation and fibrinolysis systems. Staphylococcus aureus, an important human pathogen implicated in sepsis and endocarditis, secretes the cofactor ...
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature structural & molecular biology 14 (2007), S. 90-94 
    ISSN: 1545-9985
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The Hsp90 molecular chaperone is ubiquitously expressed in all organisms and cell lineages; in addition, organelle-specific orthologs have been identified in a number of higher eukaryotes. Hsp90 has a role in nearly every cellular function that has been studied, and it is becoming increasingly ...
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oecologia 59 (1983), S. 79-82 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Using carabid associations from Leipzig (GDR) as an example, the effect of an urban gradient(“arborealeremial”) is demonstrated. Equations for calculation of gradient values are given. Furthermore the associations are characterized by an index of temporal homogeneity as a measure of balance during the year. Species diversities for small time intervals are used to calculate homogeneity. A more or less linear correlation between gradient value and homogeneity was demonstrated for the associations investigated.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 142 (1983), S. 57-60 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Phytophagy ; monophagy ; subsequent evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The term monophagy is applied to animal species which are linked to a single plant-reprospecies at least during part of their ontogeny. Aspects of subsequent evolution of monophagous animal species and their plant host species are discussed.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 61 (1989), S. 892-895 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 311 (1969), S. 178-182 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 2 (1985), S. 319-329 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: insect molt regulation ; prothoracic gland innervation ; nervous regulation of molt ; ecdysteroid release ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Under in vitro conditions the prothoracic gland nerve of the last larval instar of Periplaneta americana shows the same efferent nervous activity as under in situ conditions-ie, low activity at the 9th day and high activity at the 20th day of the molting interval. Isolation of the prothoracic ganglion from the subesophageal ganglion provokes an increase in this nerve activity, suggesting an inhibitory effect of the subesophageal ganglion on prothoracic gland nerve activity in vivo. Only in 20-day-old larvae does electrical stimulation of isolated prothoracic glands in vitro via the gland nerve result in a slightly increased release of ecdysteroids from the gland. This effect could not be influenced by different lengths of stimulation periods. Denervation of the prothoracic gland by transection of the gland nerve on the 13th day of the molting interval results in a complete abolition of the first peak of ecdysteroid production in the gland but has no influence on the occurrence and the amount of the main ecdysteroid peak just before the molt. The results suggest the participation of nervous activity in special periods of prothoracic gland regulation in the cockroach.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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