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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2015-08-29
    Description: We study the dynamics of two pinned droplets under the influence of an applied electric stress. We find that at a sufficiently strong field, this stress is sufficient to induce contact of the droplets. Interestingly, upon such contact, the dynamic behavior sensitively depends on the separation distance between the droplets. Besides the classical “coalescence” regime, we identify two other dynamic regimes: “fuse-and-split” and “periodic non-coalescence.” In the “fuse-and-split” regime, the droplets first fuse to form a jet, which subsequently breaks up into two droplets. In the “periodic non-coalescence” regime, the droplets contact and bounce away periodically without coalescence. Further analysis indicates that while the electric stress stretches the droplets into shapes that depend on the initial droplet separation, the surface tension stress dominates over the electric stress as soon as the droplets touch. We show that the shapes of the contacting droplets determine their subsequent dynamics. Our work provides a rationale for understanding the interplay between surface tension and electric stresses that govern the behavior of charged droplets and could inspire new methods for characterizing emulsion stability and surfactant performance.
    Print ISSN: 1070-6631
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7666
    Topics: Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2015-12-23
    Description: Author(s): A. Buchter, R. Wölbing, M. Wyss, O. F. Kieler, T. Weimann, J. Kohlmann, A. B. Zorin, D. Rüffer, F. Matteini, G. Tütüncüoglu, F. Heimbach, A. Kleibert, A. Fontcuberta i Morral, D. Grundler, R. Kleiner, D. Koelle, and M. Poggio We investigate the magnetization reversal mechanism in an individual permalloy (Py) nanotube (NT) using a hybrid magnetometer consisting of a nanometer-scale SQUID (nanoSQUID) and a cantilever torque sensor. The Py NT is affixed to the tip of a Si cantilever and positioned in order to optimally coup… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 214432] Published Tue Dec 22, 2015
    Keywords: Magnetism
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2000-11-18
    Description: The Landers earthquake in June 1992 redistributed stress in southern California, shutting off the production of small earthquakes in some regions while increasing the seismicity in neighboring regions, up to the present. This earthquake also changed the ratio of small to large events in favor of more small earthquakes within about 100 kilometers of the epicenter. This implies that the probabilistic estimate for future earthquakes in southern California changed because of the Landers earthquake. The location of the strongest increase in probability for large earthquakes in southern California was the volume that subsequently produced the largest slip in the magnitude 7.1 Hector Mine earthquake of October 1999.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wyss, M -- Wiemer, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Nov 17;290(5495):1334-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA. max@giseis.alaska.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11082057" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2009-11-06
    Description: Glass formation in colloidal suspensions has many of the hallmarks of glass formation in molecular materials. For hard-sphere colloids, which interact only as a result of excluded volume, phase behaviour is controlled by volume fraction, phi; an increase in phi drives the system towards its glassy state, analogously to a decrease in temperature, T, in molecular systems. When phi increases above phi* approximately 0.53, the viscosity starts to increase significantly, and the system eventually moves out of equilibrium at the glass transition, phi(g) approximately 0.58, where particle crowding greatly restricts structural relaxation. The large particle size makes it possible to study both structure and dynamics with light scattering and imaging; colloidal suspensions have therefore provided considerable insight into the glass transition. However, hard-sphere colloidal suspensions do not exhibit the same diversity of behaviour as molecular glasses. This is highlighted by the wide variation in behaviour observed for the viscosity or structural relaxation time, tau(alpha), when the glassy state is approached in supercooled molecular liquids. This variation is characterized by the unifying concept of fragility, which has spurred the search for a 'universal' description of dynamic arrest in glass-forming liquids. For 'fragile' liquids, tau(alpha) is highly sensitive to changes in T, whereas non-fragile, or 'strong', liquids show a much lower T sensitivity. In contrast, hard-sphere colloidal suspensions are restricted to fragile behaviour, as determined by their phi dependence, ultimately limiting their utility in the study of the glass transition. Here we show that deformable colloidal particles, when studied through their concentration dependence at fixed temperature, do exhibit the same variation in fragility as that observed in the T dependence of molecular liquids at fixed volume. Their fragility is dictated by elastic properties on the scale of individual colloidal particles. Furthermore, we find an equivalent effect in molecular systems, where elasticity directly reflects fragility. Colloidal suspensions may thus provide new insight into glass formation in molecular systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mattsson, Johan -- Wyss, Hans M -- Fernandez-Nieves, Alberto -- Miyazaki, Kunimasa -- Hu, Zhibing -- Reichman, David R -- Weitz, David A -- England -- Nature. 2009 Nov 5;462(7269):83-6. doi: 10.1038/nature08457.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics and Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. johanm@chalmers.se〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19890327" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1990-11-16
    Description: In an effort to identify the signal compound that mediates systemic acquired resistance (SAR), changes in the content of phloem sap were monitored in cucumber plants inoculated with either tobacco necrosis virus or the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum lagenarium. The concentration of a fluorescent metabolite was observed to increase transiently after inoculation, with a peak reached before SAR was detected. The compound was purified and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as salicylic acid, a known exogenous inducer of resistance. The data suggest that salicylic acid could function as the endogenous signal in the transmission of SAR in cucumber.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Metraux, J P -- Signer, H -- Ryals, J -- Ward, E -- Wyss-Benz, M -- Gaudin, J -- Raschdorf, K -- Schmid, E -- Blum, W -- Inverardi, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Nov 16;250(4983):1004-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17746926" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2013-07-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meiri, Karina F -- Jacque, Berri -- Wyss, J Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Jul 12;341(6142):128. doi: 10.1126/science.341.6142.128-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23846889" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Engineering/*education ; Government Programs/*economics ; Mathematics/*education ; Science/*education ; Technology/*education
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2014-04-20
    Description: A two-dimensional (2D) porous layer can make an ideal membrane for separation of chemical mixtures because its infinitesimal thickness promises ultimate permeation. Graphene--with great mechanical strength, chemical stability, and inherent impermeability--offers a unique 2D system with which to realize this membrane and study the mass transport, if perforated precisely. We report highly efficient mass transfer across physically perforated double-layer graphene, having up to a few million pores with narrowly distributed diameters between less than 10 nanometers and 1 micrometer. The measured transport rates are in agreement with predictions of 2D transport theories. Attributed to its atomic thicknesses, these porous graphene membranes show permeances of gas, liquid, and water vapor far in excess of those shown by finite-thickness membranes, highlighting the ultimate permeation these 2D membranes can provide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Celebi, Kemal -- Buchheim, Jakob -- Wyss, Roman M -- Droudian, Amirhossein -- Gasser, Patrick -- Shorubalko, Ivan -- Kye, Jeong-Il -- Lee, Changho -- Park, Hyung Gyu -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 18;344(6181):289-92. doi: 10.1126/science.1249097.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Nanoscience for Energy Technology and Sustainability, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24744372" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2013-06-04
    Description: Nature Physics 9, 375 (2013). doi:10.1038/nphys2613 Authors: A. Farhan, P. M. Derlet, A. Kleibert, A. Balan, R. V. Chopdekar, M. Wyss, L. Anghinolfi, F. Nolting & L. J. Heyderman
    Print ISSN: 1745-2473
    Electronic ISSN: 1745-2481
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2017-09-02
    Description: Author(s): Jelle J. F. Sleeboom, Panayiotis Voudouris, Melle T. J. J. M. Punter, Frank J. Aangenendt, Daniel Florea, Paul van der Schoot, and Hans M. Wyss We use dedicated microfluidic devices to expose soft hydrogel particles to a rapid change in the externally applied osmotic pressure and observe a surprising, nonmonotonic response: After an initial rapid compression, the particle slowly reswells to approximately its original size. We theoretically ... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 098001] Published Thu Aug 31, 2017
    Keywords: Polymer, Soft Matter, Biological, Climate, and Interdisciplinary Physics
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2017-07-11
    Description: Author(s): Frank J. Aangenendt, Johan Mattsson, Wouter G. Ellenbroek, and Hans M. Wyss “Smart” gels that respond to external stimuli are interesting and useful in soft microfluidic valves, or for drug delivery, but measuring their mechanical properties can be tricky. For temperature-sensitive responsive gels, the authors exploit the thermomechanical connection to probe elastic properties via differential scanning calorimetry. This approach could be particularly valuable for studying systems with very small suspended particles (microgels), or oddly shaped ones, to which standard methods are not readily applicable. [Phys. Rev. Applied 8, 014003] Published Mon Jul 10, 2017
    Electronic ISSN: 2331-7019
    Topics: Physics
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