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  • Articles  (33)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contact conditions on seismoactive faults (1984)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 122 (1984), S. 680-693 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Physical seismic models ; Uniaxial loading ; Shear displacement ; Locked zone ; Seismoactivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Square plate models with a diagonally located slit in compression were studied photoelastically. The resulting stress field surrounding the discontinuity (slit) is evaluated before and after seismoactive (seismic-energy-releasing) shear displacement. The mechanism of the fast shear movement (stick-slip), including its radiation properties, in interpreted. The results confirm the existence of a central locked zone in the loaded slit, the limits of which coincide with the initiation points of stick-slip movements. The zone is interpreted as the source of the seismic energy release. The complementary measurements (direct optical and ultrasonic) are presented to verify the results of the photoelastic analysis. The results obtained are discussed in regard to the conclusions that follow from the theory of elasticity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01101874
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Macroseismic information from historic pictorial sources (1996)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 146 (1996), S. 103-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Prephotographic earthquake depictions ; pictorial macroseismic data ; historical seismicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Prephotographic depictions of earthquakes can contain important information on the types and amount of damage due to a large earthquake in historic times. Care must be used in evaluating such depictions because some are more accurate than others, and many depictions contain little that is of value in making estimates of seismic intensity. Depictions of two earthquakes, in 1692 at Jamaica and in 1843 at Guadeloupe, illustrate the utility of depictions in intensity estimation. A depiction of the scene at Port Royal in Jamaica of the 1692 shock suggests that the major damage was caused by soil slumping and a tsunami, with the ground shaking itself probably only having been about MMI VII. Two depictions of Pointe-à-Pitre at Guadeloupe after the 1843 event contain evidence that the town was damaged by strong ground shaking as well as by major soil failures. The ground shaking here was probably MMI VII–IX. These and other pictures are being assembled for a monograph of prephotographic earthquake depictions in the Americas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876671
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seismic events with non-shear component: I. Shallow earthquakes with a possible tensile source component (1985)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 123 (1985), S. 1-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Physical modelling ; Tensile cracks ; Shallow earthquakes ; Radiation patterns ; Tensile seismic activity ; Combined shear-tensile seismic source
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The concept of seismicity of fast tensile fracturing is introduced and supported by the results of shear and of combined shear and tensile displacements along a loaded stress concentrator. The seismicity of tensile fracturing is demonstrated by means of acoustic (elastic) signals obtained during tensile fracturing in physical models under load; the basic physical relations between the parameters characterizing the loaded medium, load conditions, shear and tensile displacements, and release of acoustic energy are presented. For determining the tensile-source component in earthquakes a procedure based on the construction of radiation patterns is suggested and submitted for discussion. The criteria for selecting earthquakes with possible shear-tensile source mechanisms are listed and discussed. The existence of such a combined seismic source is sought in two shallow earthquakes which occurred in southern Iran in March 1977. In general, the paper should be regarded as a proposal to utilize the radiation characteristics of a seismic source—with all their insufficiencies—as a quick and simple tool for seeking combined shear and tensile mechanisms of seismic energy release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00877045
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The densitometric study of G bands on human metaphase chromosomes (1973)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 18 (1973), S. 149-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir beschreiben die Methode der photometrischen Darstellung von G-Banden an menschlichen Chromosomen und diskutieren über einigen Faktoren, die das Resultat beeinflussen. Die photometrischen Kurven sind reproduzierbar und für jedes Chromosomenpaar typisch. Selbstverständlich muß man mit geringen Abstufungen ihrer Variabilität rechnen. Wir zeigen unsere typischen Kurven aller menschlichen Chromosomen, die mit Hilfe der ASG-Technik gefärbt wurden. Gleichzeitig geben wir einige Kurven abnormaler Chromosomen wieder, die auch in unserem Labordargestellt wurden (t(13q14q), t(14q21q), Xp-).
    Notes: Summary The method of densitometric measurement of G bands on human metaphase chromosomes is described, and some factors influencing the densitometric patterns are discussed. The densitometric patterns are reproducible and typical for a given chromosomal pair, although they display some degree of variability. Typical patterns of all human metaphase chromosomes are presented, with the patterns obtained from the measurement of some structurally abnormal chromosomes (t13q14q, t14q21q, Xp-).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00291482
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmitted waves in the vicinity of the interface beyond the critical point (1977)
    Springer
    Studia geophysica et geodaetica 21 (1977), S. 137-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1626
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary The space (time) delay of transmitted waves in the vicinity of the interface beyond the critical point is investigated on two-dimensional seismic models of a low velocity channel; results of laboratory experiments are compared with the conclusions of the theory. The effect of the time delay in field measurements is demonstrated by means of two typical geological formations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01634824
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laboratory investigations on fault plane induced tensile cracks (1981)
    Springer
    Studia geophysica et geodaetica 25 (1981), S. 332-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1626
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary Tensile cracks induced by stress concentration around a fault plane in physical models under uniaxial load were analyzed. The results characterizing the decisive role of the fault plane inclination to the the stress direction are presented. Two stages of tensile crack life were determined, i.e. the first, seismoactive stage, accompanied by seismic energy release and the second aseismic one characterized by low velocity of crack propagation. Results obtained seem to be relevant to a better understanding of the character and regime of actual seismoactive faults.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01629218
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Propagation velocity and radiation properties of induced tensile cracks (1983)
    Springer
    Studia geophysica et geodaetica 27 (1983), S. 133-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1626
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Резюме Изучены nлексuглaсные мо¶rt;елu квa¶rt;рamноŭ формы в коmорых вырезaнa ¶rt;uaгонaльнaя щель. Мо¶rt;елu нaгружaюmся о¶rt;ноосно ¶rt;о велuчuны крumuческoŭ нaгрузкu р uрu коmороŭ нa обоuх концaх щелu обрaзуюmся mрещuны оmрывa. Скоросmu рaсnросmрaненuя mрещuны оmрывa nре¶rt;ложены в зaвuсuмосmu оm углa нaклонa щелu к нanрaвленuю nрuложенноŭ нaгрузкu. Доnолнumельные ульmрaзвуковые uзмеренuя уnругuх uмnульсов uзученных во время nробега mрещuны оmрывa nре¶rt;осmaвuлu оnре¶rt;елumь временную фuнкцuю эmого uсmочнuкa. Полученные резульmamы ¶rt;uскуmuруюmся с mочкu зренuя мехaнuзмa хруnкого рaзрушенuя muna оmрывa кaк uсmочнuкa сеŭсмuческuх uмnульсов. По¶rt;робно aнaлuзuровaн учaсmок nробегa mрещuны оmрывa, в коmором uзлучaеmся сеŭсмuческaя энергuя.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01588986
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wave propagation in physical models of micromorphic media (1984)
    Springer
    Studia geophysica et geodaetica 28 (1984), S. 272-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1626
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The propagation of seismic waves in a micromorphic body, which is supposed to be one of the possible models of the medium in the earthquake focus, is studied by means of the two-dimensional ultrasonic model technique. The results obtained indicate that such a medium is characterized by distinct elastic anisotropy and by increased attenuation. The propagation velocity of longitudinal waves decreases and their amplitudes change considerably. The prevailing frequency of the waves passing through the micromorphic medium tends smoothly to one value which depends on the space distribution, orientation and dimensions of the elements characterizing such a medium. The obtained results are confronted with the theory of a micromorphic medium.
    Notes: Резюме Рaсnросmрaненuе сеŭсмuческuх волн в мuкроморфноŭ сре¶rt;е, nо mеорuu о¶rt;ноŭ uз возможных мо¶rt;елеŭ сре¶rt;ы в очaге землеmрясенuя, uзучaеmся nуmём ¶rt;вухмерного ульmрaзвукового мо¶rt;елuровaнuя. Полученные резульmamы nокaзывaюm, чmо maкaя сре¶rt;a оmлuчеamся яркоŭ уnругоŭ aнuзоmроnuеŭ u nовыщенным nоглощенuе⇐. Скоросmь рaсnросmрaненuя nрохо¶rt;ящuх nро¶rt;ольных волн nонuжaеmся, uх aмnлumу¶rt;ы резко меняюmся. Преовлa¶rt;aющaя чaсmоma волн, nрохо¶rt;ящuх мuкроморфноŭ сре¶rt;оŭ, nлaвно сmремumся к о¶rt;ноŭ велuчuне, коmорaя связaнa с nросmрaнсmвенным рaсnре¶rt;еленuем, нanрaвленносmью u рaзмерaмu ¶rt;ефекmов, оnре¶rt;еляющuх эmу сре¶rt;у. Полученые резульmamы срaвнuвaюmся с mеорuеŭ мuкроморфноŭ сре¶rt;ы.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01589608
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Earthquake (1985)
    Springer
    Studia geophysica et geodaetica 29 (1985), S. 100-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1626
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary Original copper engraving depicting an earthquake is reproduced and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01586418
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wave phenomena on blocks — A schlieren model study (1975)
    Springer
    Studia geophysica et geodaetica 19 (1975), S. 350-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1626
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary The aim of performed experiments was to visualize, record and analyse the P wave pattern connected with simple block structures. Two-component plate models of a half-space (turpentine, v 1 =1240 m/s) containing rectangular blocks (perspex, v 2 =2630 m/s) were studied by means of the schlieren method. P waves generated by an exploding wire source were recorded with a high-speed camera during their passage through a block. The field of reflected and refracted waves, head waves, diffracted waves and inhomogeneous waves was analysed for waves entering and leaving the block. Special attention was paid to diffraction phenomena on rectangular corners of the blocks in question.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01615809
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