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  • Articles  (54)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1993)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 140 (1993), S. 139-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876877
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1991)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 136 (1991), S. 343-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876381
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1993)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 140 (1993), S. 537-556 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876970
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of directional spectrum of wind waves using an array of wave detectors Part II. Field observation (1975)
    Springer
    Journal of oceanography 31 (1975), S. 25-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-868X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The directional spectrum of wind waves was observed using seven wave gauges at the marine observation tower. Directional spectrum was calculated by the method described inFujinawa (1974 a) which assures the high directional resolving power. Under the nearly uniform condition of the wind the process of wave development was studied by the use of the data of the directional spectrum. The analysis revealed that, 1) the mean wave direction does not necessarily coincide with the wind direction, 2) the directional spreading is much narrower than hitherto reported, 3) the growth rate is closely proportional to the square of cosine of the angle between the wave direction and the wind direction, 4) the resonancetype wave-wave interaction plays only minor role in the process of wave development for any wave component in the earlier stage of development and for the most rapidly developing component in the main stage of development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02108216
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of a volcanic fracture opening in Japan using Global Positioning System measurements (1990)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 343 (1990), S. 631-633 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Since 1978, seismic swarms have occurred frequently in an area of radius ^20 km off the east coast of the Izu Peninsula3. The maximum uplift, -30 cm, was measured in an area (-40 x 20 km) to the west of the swarm region between 1978 and 1988 (ref. 4). The largest earthquake in this area (Richter ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/343631a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Emission of electromagnetic radiation preceding the Ito seismic swarm of 1989 (1990)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 347 (1990), S. 376-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Conventional methods of measuring underground elec-tromagnetic radiation (EMR) associated with seismicity are not effective in a highly industrialized area with high levels of urban noise. Measuring EMR using a steel pipe in a deep borehole as an electrode was therefore proposed, especially to ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/347376a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New pop-up type Ocean Bottom Seismometer (1986)
    Springer
    Marine geophysical researches 8 (1986), S. 187-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0581
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We designed a new pop-up type Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) in order to study micro-earthquakes in off-shore areas. With a 57 cm O.D. sphere of high tension aluminium alloy, the OBS system, including one vertical and one horizontal geophone, can safely operate on ocean floors of up to 6000 m depth for seismic observations. The amplified seismic data and the time code are directly recorded on the four-channel cassette deck for periods of up to one month. The frequency response curve throughout the recording and play-back system is flat for the range, 1–15 Hz (−3 dB). The anchor release and the geophone clamp are operated by an acoustic command signal. So far, we have deployed our OBS's 42 times in the ocean. All of the OBS's deployed have been recovered safely. Seismic data has provided seismological evidence for a number of processes associated with tectonism along subduction zones and spreading ridges (e.g., Eguchi et al., 1986).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00338228
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A real-time observation network of ocean-bottom-seismometers deployed at the Sagami trough subduction zone, central Japan (1998)
    Springer
    Marine geophysical researches 20 (1998), S. 73-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0581
    Keywords: real-time observation network ; ocean-bottom-seismometer ; velocity seismometer ; accelerometer ; tsunami sensor ; pressure data ; tsunami record ; P- and S-waves ; hypocenter determination ; Sagami trough ; subduction zone ; Tokyo metropolitan area ; Philippine sea plate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We installed a real-time operating regional observation network of Ocean-Bottom-Seismometers, connected to an electro-optical fiber communication cable, at the Sagami trough subduction zone, just south of the Tokyo metropolitan area, central Japan. The network, called ETMC, has six seismic observation sites at approximately 20 km spacing. In addition, there are three tsunami observation sites along the ETMC network to monitor the propagation process of tsunamis around the Sagami trough region. The on-line data from the ETMC has been improving the detection capability of smaller-magnitude earthquakes even at areas close to the margin of the trough. The ETMC data analyzing system, which has a function of real-time digital filtering for each seismic channel, can read the arrival times of P- and S-waves precisely, constraining well the automatic on-line hypocenter locations. The network has been providing useful information regarding the bending and downgoing process of the Philippine sea plate at the Sagami trough subduction zone. The pressure sensors of the installed network have a detection capability of tsunami wave trains with an amplitude of less than 1 cm. For example, the sensors recorded the full time history of tsunami wave trains, with mm order resolution, originating from a ‘tsunami earthquake’ with 5.7 MW and the tsunami magnitude of 7.5 occurred near Tori Shima (Tori Is.) of the Izu-Bonin Is. arc on September 4, 1996. The maximum amplitude of the tsunami signals on the trough-floor was approximately 1 cm (P-P), in contrast with approximately 20 cm (0-P) at a coastal site on Izu-Oshima, near the trough. Also, the pressure sensors observed tsunamis due to a large tsunami earthquake (7.1 MW) at the northern New Guinea, on July 17, 1998.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004334021329
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A method for estimating earthquake occurrence probability using first- and multiple-order Markov chain models (1991)
    Springer
    Natural hazards 4 (1991), S. 7-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0840
    Keywords: Earthquake prediction ; synthetic probability ; Markov chain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract It is valuable in earthquake prediction to determine the occurrence probability of major earthquakes by making use of data obtained from precursory phenomena up to the time of the evaluation. In this study, the time evolution of the state determined by earthquakes and precursory phenomena was modelled using Markov chains. Various probabilities suitable for earthquake prediction were derived from the transition probability of the Markov chain with a chosen length of memory time. As an example, earthquake sequence records for northern China, which covered a period of about two thousand years, were examined and the results were also obtained from modern scientific observations of the radon anomaly which covered a period of about 10 years. Assuming moderate-sized earthquakes of two magnitude ranges 4 3/4 ≤ M ≤ 5 3/4, 6 ≤ M ≤ 6 3/4 as precursors to large earthquakes of a magnitude range, 7 ≤ M ≤ 8 1/2, transition probabilities were calculated for a time interval from 2 to 40 yr. The results showed that the precursory time of moderate-sized earthquakes is mainly distributed in a time span of around several years and that the earthquake occurrence probability is considerably large when the precursory earthquakes occur successively. Furthermore, it was shown that a larger moderate-sized earthquake (4 3/4 ≤ M ≤ 5 3/4) is a more effective precursor than an entire moderate-sized earthquake (4 3/4 ≤ M ≤ 6 3/4). Second, a multiple precursor case was tried by means of simulation based on the radon anomaly data obtained during a limited observation period. Simultaneous occurrence of two precursors makes the earthquake occurrence probability increase by 1.5–2.0 for a reasonable choice of a mean recurrence interval of the radon anomaly compared with the case where only a moderate-sized earthquake was treated as the precursor. However, the probability is much the same if the average recurrence interval of the radon anomaly is the same through time, including the preparatory period before the earthquake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00126556
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A widespread simultaneous increase of the microearthquake seismicity and minor crustal movements in and around the assumed rupture zone of the Tokai earthquake (1988)
    Springer
    Natural hazards 1 (1988), S. 255-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0840
    Keywords: Earthquake prediction ; precursor ; seismicity ; ground tilt ; strain ; pre-slip ; model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Data from an extensive routine network and a high-density temporary seismic observation using the ocean bottom seismometer in and around Suruga Bay, Japan, showed that a simultaneous increase of microearthquake seismicity occurred from mid-July 1984 (Ukawa et al., 1988). The area extended over a region of about 60 km (NS) × 80 km (EW), and is nearly included in the assumed fault zone of the presumed Tokai earthquake. The analyses of the bore-hole ground tilt and volumetric strain data revealed that an anomalous small ground tilt and volumetric strain change occurred at the time of the seismic activity with a duration of about a month. Data of geodetic measurements, groundwater, and radon content were examined with the result that many observational items showed small anomalies during that period. The observed crustal movement was compared with that of slip models of the Philippine Sea plate around Suruga Bay, suggesting that some type of episodic aseismic subducting motion occurred and, thus, caused a crustal movement in the overlying continental plate in the very region of the future fault zone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00137231
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