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  • Articles  (1,025)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extraction of furfural from aqueous solutions with chlorinated hydrocarbons (1980)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of chemical & engineering data 25 (1980), S. 80-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5134
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je60084a023
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sleep in an Amazonian manatee,Trichechus inunguis (1992)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 48 (1992), S. 417-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Sleep ; manatee
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract For the first time, sleep was studied in a representative of the order of Sirenia. Slow wave sleep occupied 27%, and paradoxical sleep 1% of the total recording time in the Amazonian manatee,Trichechus inunguis. The circadian rhythmicity of sleep was pronounced. During the sleep period, the manatee woke up for a short time for each respiratory act. Interhemispheric asynchrony of the electrocortical slow wave activity was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01923447
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Characterization of Gram Matrices of Polytopes (1999)
    Springer
    Discrete & computational geometry 21 (1999), S. 581-601 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0444
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract. We give a characterization of the Gram matrices of spherical and finite-volume hyperbolic polytopes of a given combinatorial type. This is done in terms of the signs of certain minors of the Gram matrix.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00009440
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Validation of an HPLC method for the determination of *-dichlorobenzene and naphthalene in mothrepellents (1999)
    Springer
    Accreditation and quality assurance 4 (1999), S. 473-476 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Keywords: Key words Validation ; HPLC ; *-Dichlorobenzene ; Naphthalene ; Mothrepellents.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  The determination of dichlorobenzene and naphthalene in commercial repellents used in Spain has been validated. This was done using an isocratic regime, to test the reverse -phase HPLC system with acetonitrile: water 65 : 35 (v: v) as the mobile phase, at 20  °C. This technique is proposed for the modular validation of the HPLC system . The results obtained with this method show good agreement with the results provided by the manufacturers of the mothrepellents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007690050414
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of periodic hypoxia on distribution of demersal fish and crustaceans (1991)
    Springer
    Marine biology 108 (1991), S. 349-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Effects of periodic hypoxia (O2 〈 2 mg l−1) on distribution of three demersal fish species, spot (Leiostomus xanthurus), hogchoker (Trinectes maculatus) and croaker (Micropogonias undulatus), and of two crustacean species, mantis shrimp (Squilla empusa) and blue crab (Callinectes sapidus), were investigated in the lower York River, Chesapeake Bay, USA. Trawl collections were made in four depth strata (5 to 10, 10 to 14, 14 to 20 and 〉 20 m) during normoxia and hypoxia from 26 June to 20 October 1989. Three periods with hypoxia in the bottom water (below 10 m depth) occurred in mid-July, early August and early September, each with a duration of 6 to 14 d. The demersal fish and crustaceans studied were all affected by hypoxia, and a general migration from deeper to shallower water took place during July and August. However, when oxygen conditions improved after a hypoxic event all species, exceptS. empusa, returned to the deeper areas. The degree of vertical migration was related to levels of oxygen concentration and varied for the different species.M. undulatus was the most sensitive species to low oxygen, followed byL. xanthurus andC. sapidus. T. maculatus andS. empusa were more tolerant and survived in 14 to 25% oxygen saturation by increasing ventilation rate and, forS. empusa, by also increasing blood pigment (haemocyanin) concentration. Periodic hypoxia driven by the spring-neap tidal cycle may represent a natural phenomenon with which the fishes and crustaceans are in a delicate balance. Areas experiencing periodic short-lived hypoxia may be good nursery grounds for fisheries species, and there is no indication that the habitat value in the study area of lower York River is lessened. However, if eutrophication lengthens the time of hypoxia or brings the system closer to anoxia the system may change and become characteristically stressed. The migratory and physiological responses of these species to hypoxia are good indicators of the severity of oxygen stress and could be used as part of an early warning monitoring system for changes in environmental quality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01313644
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colonization of meiobenthos in oil-contaminated subtidal sands in the lower Chesapeake Bay (1983)
    Springer
    Marine biology 72 (1983), S. 325-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In-situ manipulative experiments were conducted over a 3-month period (May–August 1980) to examine the rate at which meiobenthos colonizes oiled and untreated azoic fine sands at a shallow subtidal site in the lower York River, Virginia. Three concentrations of fresh Prudhoe Bay crude oil were added to sediments: 100, 2 500 and 10000 mg oil kg-1 dry wt sediment. Untreated azoic and natural sediments served as controls. Within 16 d, meiofauna densities in all treatments were comparable to natural populations in surface oxidized sediments, but densities fluctuated greatly during the remainder of the sampling period. Nematodes slowly colonized the subsurface anoxic sediments below the redox potential discontinuity (RPD); some less common species did not significantly recover below the RPD in the two more heavily oiled treatments. Analysis of nematode community composition by reciprocal averaging ordination and numerical classification revealed generally lower abundances, but no distinct differences, in species composition in the oiled substrates as compared to untreated and natural community controls. Ordination of sequential samples suggested that the nematode species assemblages in the untreated controls fully recovered from these small-scale disturbances by 90 d. Life history characteritics and frequent tidal transport combine to make estuarine meiobenthos highly resilient following disturbance. Contrary to prior recolonization studies, a successional sequence was found for the colonizing nematodes which may be analogous to models of macrobenthic colonization (e.g. McCall, 1975). The comesomatid nematode Sabatieria pulchra, which is frequently dominant in polluted sediments, colonized relatively late in the experiment. Consequently, stress resistance and resilience may not be as coincident in meiofauna as in macrofauna because of differences in factors affecting their dispersal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00396839
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A layered model for visual processing in avian retina (1980)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 38 (1980), S. 85-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Visual processing in avian retina is interpreted by means of a layered model in which: a) outer layers provide with spatio temporal fast and retarded versions of the stimuli incident on the retina; a possibility is that horizontal cells are involved in isotropically generating the retarded version which is transversally translated; b) prominent specialization of ganglion cells is the result of local non-linear lateral interaction at the inner plexiform layer, mediated by amacrines which return, also isotropically, the translated retarded signals. Small though systematic deviations in the sites of the lateral interaction result in anisotropic but uniform receptive fields for some ganglion cells. A simple though general expressin for the model is derived which includes the various types of recorded avian ganglion retinal cells responses, which also permits a unified interpretation of visual processing in avian and cat's retinae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00356034
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A model for non-linear processing in cat's retina (1980)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 37 (1980), S. 25-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The model is based on the concept that non-linear lateral interaction at the inner plexiform layer accounts for most of the specialization and marked non-linearities in cat's retinal ganglion cell responses. The inputs to the lateral interaction processes are a spatio-temporal signal and its retarded, as suggested by the behaviour of simple ganglion cells. Lateral interaction in the model consists of lateral linear inhibition followed by local half wave rectification. The resulting signals are weighted and summated by the ganglion cell thereafter. A transparent and general expression is obtained for the response of the cell model which, albeit its simplicity, leads to most of known types of non-linear responses, including the rarely encountered specialized cells in cat's, retina, except colour coding units. For negligible lateral interaction, the model reduces to spatio-temporal linear models under the two paths hypothesis. A discussion of the possible role of anatomical units in these retinal processes in presented, where a general interpretation for visual processing in cat's retina evolves from.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00347639
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rod outer segments are designed for optimum photon detection (1992)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 66 (1992), S. 301-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The proposal that rod outer segment length is optimal with respect to photon absorption and noise control is extended and tested in a number of species. We find good agreement with our optimality criterion in duplex retinae where rods act as detectors of one or a few photons, but not in all rod retinae nor in those which are exposed to significant photic environmental noise.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203666
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The uptake of 2-ketogluconate by Pseudomonas putida (1976)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 110 (1976), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: 2-Ketogluconate uptake ; Bacterial transport ; Transport mutants ; Pseudomonas putida
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The uptake of 2-ketogluconate is inducible in Pseudomonas putida: 2-ketogluconate, glucose, gluconate, glycerol and glycerate were each good nutritional inducers of this ability. 2-Ketogluconate uptake obeyed saturation kinetics (apparent K min 2-ketogluconate-grown cells was 0.4 mM). 2-Ketogluconate was transported against a concentration gradient, apparently in an unchanged state, and the process required metabolic energy, all of which indicate an active transport system. A number of independently isolated mutants with deranged activity of a common glucose-gluconate uptake system were found to be also defective in 2-ketogluconate transport. Strains unable to transport 2-ketogluconate which grew readily on glucose and gluconate were also isolated. These results suggest that 2-ketogluconate transport is governed by at least two genetic elements: one which is also required to take up glucose and gluconate and another which appears to be specific for 2-ketogluconate transport. Similarly glucose and gluconate transport appears to require at least one factor which is not necessary for 2-ketogluconate transport, as suggested by the lack of induction of the common glucose-gluconate uptake system by glycerol and glycerate, substrates which are good inducers of 2-ketogluconate uptake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00416967
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