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  • Articles  (153)
Collection
  • Articles  (153)
Journal
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 106 (1984), S. 5408-5413 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 8 (1972), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: The generation of electric energy in steam-electric power plants is accompanied by the discharge of large quantities of waste heat into the environment. In most cases, this heat is released into natural bodies of water at temperatures relatively close to ambient. In certain locations, such as the Chesapeake Bay, discharges of waste heat may triple in the next decade. It is expected that past practices of thermal discharge, if continued into the future, will result in significant damages to other legitimate users of the water resource, both present and future. This paper reviews the economic causes of these potential damages, and describes the role of public policy as one of removing such causes through regulation incentive or intervention. Possible public policies are reviewed, including prohibition, standards, various types of dollar incentives such as taxes and subsidies, marketable effluent permits, and direct government investment. The innovative power plant siting program recently adopted in Maryland is also discussed. It is concluded that no statements can be made regarding the comparative efficiency or effectiveness of the various policies at the present state of knowledge. It is recommended that policy-makers adopt mixed strategies, preserving as many options as possible for dealing with similar problems in the future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 6 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: A system study was conducted on the use of a large number of small reservoirs dispersed throughout an urban community as a means of storm water pollution control. The study was based on an area within the “new city” of Columbia, Maryland. Water collected and stored in the reservoirs is treated for release or use in meeting sub-potable and potable water demands in the community. Design and performance criteria were developed for such a system. A simulation model and a computerized evaluation technique were used to select the optimal locations and system configurations. The results of this study indicated that such a system would be less expensive than a conventional engineering approach to storm water pollution control. Further, the benefits derived from use of the storm water as a water supply can offset a portion of the cost of pollution control. Several secondary benefits also result from this concept including erosion and sediment control, storm flow dampening, and recreational facilities. A program is now underway to demonstrate this concept in Columbia, Maryland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 26 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 25 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: : In the current forecasting practice, future water requirements of a growing urban area are often represented as the product of the number of people to be served by the water system and an assumed quantity of gross per capita water use. This paper describes a forecasting approach that differs from the per capita method in two important aspects. First, it disaggregates urban water use into a large number of categories, each consisting of a relatively homogeneous group of water users. Second, it links water use in each category to factors that determine both the need for water as well as the intensity of water use. This approach is incorporated into a computerized forecasting system referred to as IWR-MAIN. The advantages of the IWR.MAIN model over the traditional per capita method are illustrated in a case study of Anaheim, California.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 2725-2728 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A study of the thermal decomposition of the Kodak thin-film resist (KTFR) used in the fabrication of integrated thermionic emission devices is presented. In contrast to conventional cathode fabrication schemes which typically employ a nitrocellulose binder, the use of KTFR is shown to produce a carbon residue which persists even at cathode operating temperatures. The degree of residue formation is dependent on the heating rate. Differential thermal analysis and thermal gravimetric analysis studies indicate that the deomposition of the resist occurs at about 450 °C. The presence of the residue is shown to influence the breakdown of the cathode carbonate mixture. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the residue reveals that it is either graphitic- or hydrocarbon-like in nature. In contrast to conventional binders the KTFR residue is not oxidized by CO2 at temperatures below 650 °C. At higher temperatures the time courses of the residue concentration were measured and indicated the presence of residual signal even after the decay appeared complete. The ramifications of the presence of a carbon residue at cathode operating temperatures are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 1454-1456 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Observations are presented on levitation and suspension of a permanent magnet by combination of a variable magnetic field and a type II superconductor (YBa2Cu3Ox). It has been found that a continuous range of distances exists where stable levitation and suspension may be obtained, and that the orientation of magnetic moment of the levitated or suspended magnet is also adjustable over a range of angles. In addition, the incorporation of the magnetic element makes it possible to suspend much higher mass than observed previously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 439 (2006), S. 671-673 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Silicon-based electronics continues to obey the dictum known as Moore's law: that the density of transistors on an integrated circuit — a rough measure of the attainable processing power — doubles about every 18 months. As the size of the smallest features of a device approaches the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 7384-7390 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The abstraction of bromine atoms from the Si(111) surface has been studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Vacant dangling bond (DB) sites created by H-atom abstraction of surface Br are identified as are the subsequent reaction of these DB sites with atomic hydrogen. The kinetics of Br abstraction and the H-atom–DB reaction are shown to be dependent on the local surface structure. Bromine abstraction rates on the 1×1 regions of the surface are about twice that of the 7×7 regions. Surprisingly, we also find that the DB reaction rate is significantly different on the two regions of the surface: reaction on the 7×7 regions being about six times more efficient than on the 1×1 regions. In substantial agreement with earlier studies we find an abstraction-to-DB reaction ratio for H atoms of about 0.2 for the 1×1 regions of the surface. This ratio is much smaller (about 0.01) for the 7×7 regions of the surface, suggesting different types of H-atom–surface interactions in these regions. Abstraction of chemisorbed hydrogen is about 50 times more efficient than abstraction of chemisorbed bromine. Although the low reaction barrier (∼1 kcal/mol) we find is consistent with a direct Eley–Rideal mechanism, this mechanism cannot readily account for the structural sensitivity observed. The possibility of a hot-atom precursor mechanism is discussed. At large exposures definite evidence for an etching reaction is presented, which precludes analysis of the data over a wide exposure range. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 95 (1991), S. 1521-1524 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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