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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Implications of the solvent effect in quantitative capillary gas chromatography of minor constituents in mixtures - a study using deuterium labeled and unlabeled benzofluoranthenes (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 10 (1987), S. 428-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry ; Deuterium labeled and unlabeled benzofluoranthenes ; Band broadening and sharpening ; Effects on resolution and quantification ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Perdeuterated benzofluoranthenes have slightly shorter retention times than their equivalent unlabeled forms in a DB-5 capillary column. Under column overload conditions, perdeuterated benzofluoranthenes in moderate multifold excesses, which might be encountered in their use as internal standards and carriers for quantitative analysis, are seen to exhibit both normal and reverse solvent effects on their close eluting congeners. In some cases the effects may be used to advantage by knowledgeable analysts, but for the ignorant and unwary the effects can lead to serious errors in identification and quantification.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240100802
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymer concrete and polymer mortar using resins based on recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 44 (1992), S. 1649-1655 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Fundamental properties of polymer concrete (PC) and polymer mortar (PM) made from unsaturated polyester resins based on recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate), PET, are described. Mechanical properties investigated include strength, modulus of elasticity, ductility index, Poisson's ratio, coefficient of thermal expansion, shrinkage, and exotherm. Durability properties include chemical resistance, water absorption, sand-blast resistance, and thermal cycles of thin overlays on portland cement concrete slabs. Resins based on recycled PET offer the possibility of a lower source cost for forming useful PC and PM (PC/PM) based products. The recycling of PET in PC and PM would also help alleviate an environmental problem and save energy.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070440919
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical behavior of dual-rubber-modified SAN (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 35 (1988), S. 1563-1571 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The use of either an SBS block copolymer or an emulsion-made methyl-methacrylate-grafted rubber alone failed to give any significant increase in the toughness of brittle poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN), even at concentrations up to 50%. However, a combination of the two rubber modifiers produced a strong synergistic toughening. All specimens were prepared by injection molding; however, annealing to relax orientation did not significantly alter this synergistic effect. The use of mechanical dilatometry showed that post-yield deformation of blends containing both modifiers involved some crazing just after yielding but subsequent deformation was mostly due to shear yielding. Addition of SBS alone to SAN resulted in a mixed crazing/shear yielding mode of post-yield deformation with the relative proportions of the two mechanisms being constant up to failure. In contrast, the small emulsion graft particles alone gave rise to a predominant shear yielding deformation. A qualitative mechanism for the synergism is discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070350613
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of MBS emulsion particles in immiscible polystyrene/SAN blends (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 37 (1989), S. 225-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of mixing technique and sequence on the distribution of methacrylated-butadienestyrene (MBS) emulsion particles in immiscible blends of polystyrene (PS) and a styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) was examined using transmission electron microscopy. The shell of the emulsion particle is essentially poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), which is miscible with SAN but immiscible with PS. In simple thermodynamic terms, the MBS particle should have an affinity for SAN over PS. It was found, however, that the sequence of mixing had a strong influence on the location of the MBS particles. If the PS-SAN interface is established before the addition of the MBS particles, the MBS particles are located exclusively in the SAN phase. If the MBS particles are present at the time the PS-SAN interface is formed, then the particles line up at the interface.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070370117
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blends of imidized acrylic polymers with SAN copolymers and with PVC (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 37 (1989), S. 513-525 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A series of imidized acrylic polymers of varying structural composition generated by reaction of methylamine with poly(methyl methacrylate) were blended with a range of styrene/acrylonitrile or SAN copolymers (0-33% AN) and with poly(vinyl chloride). On the basis of glass transition behavior determined by differential scanning calorimetry, some but not all imidized acrylic structures were found to be miscible with PVC and with SAN copolymers within a limited window of AN levels. Acid functionality in the imidized acrylics appears to hinder their miscibility with SAN rather significantly and with PVC to a lesser extent. Miscible SAN blends showed lower critical solution temperature behavior whereas miscible blends with PVC did not up to the highest attainable temperatures. The composition factors that influence the phase behavior are described and interpreted in terms of possible mechanisms.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070370217
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of methyl methacrylate by catalyzed peroxide decomposition without applied heat (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 17 (1973), S. 2771-2782 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The exotherm for the polymerization of methyl methacrylate was monitored by a simple thermal technique to gain useful information about the effect of several factors on the polymerization rate and the degree of completion. All reactions were begun at room temperature (24°C) and no external heating was provided. Initiation was by decomposition of benzoyl peroxide (and mixtures with lauroyl peroxide) catalyzed by the accelerator N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine. Specific factors examined were peroxide and accelerator levels, sample size, peroxide combinations, and crosslinking agents. The results are discussed in terms of the stoichiometry of the initiator system; the balance of heat generation, heat capacity, and heat loss; and the autoacceleration effect.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1973.070170914
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface impregnation of concrete bridge decks with polymersPresented at the Symposium on Polymer Impregnated Solids, Polymer Division, American Chemical Society Meeting, Chicago, August 1973. (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 19 (1975), S. 281-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polymer-impregnated concrete has proven to be a strong and environmentally resistant material with many potential uses. One such application is to impregnate the surface of highway bridge decks to improve their durability. This paper reports on various aspects of research directed toward the objective of developing a practical and economical process for surface treating bridge decks with liquid monomers which subsequently are polymerized. This work has included (1) selection and tailoring the monomer-initiator system, (2) development of application and curing systems, and (3) evaluation of the resulting treatments by many different testing procedures. Considerable progress has been made toward increasing the durability of concrete slabs as shown by laboratory and small-scale field tests and toward developing a practical method of application. Selected aspects of the fundamentals of surface treatments of highway bridge decks and details of the process and product as they have been developed to date will be presented here.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1975.070190123
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of reactant heterogeneity and mixing on catabolite repression in cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 33 (1989), S. 1039-1046 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An experimental study was conducted into the effect of reactant heterogeneity on glucose-fed continuous cultures of S. cerevisiae, The heterogeneity was altered by varying mixing intensity in the nutrient entry region within a static mixing device. Experimental results confirm simulation predictions based upon a simple growth model, showing that mixing in the entry region can govern macroscopic culture behavior. Specifically, at high dilution rates, the biomass concentration was reduced by mixing patterns that increased the size of regions where glucose exceeded the threshold for catabolite repression. Because the size of such repressive regions is not uniquely determined by reactant segregation, the authors argue that in biological systems (and others involving a threshold response) an alternative measure of mixing quality should be used. Conclusions are drawn concerning the simulation of biological reactors for design purposes, and the importance of nutrient delivery systems to reactor performance.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260330813
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic studies of C. pyrenoidosa using 94% 13C CO2 (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 14 (1972), S. 819-829 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa has been grown in mass quantities on 94 at. % 13CO2. The algal cells have been labeled to the 90 at. % 13C level. Neither inhibition nor a requirement for adaptation was encountered; changes in morphology were not evident. A statistically significant increase in mass of cells produced in the presence of 13CO2 was observed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260140511
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polystyrene modifications. I. Styrene copolymersCommunication No. 2235 from the Kodak Research Laboratories. (1963)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 7 (1963), S. 143-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The Tg of polystyrene was raised by copolymerization with acenaphthylene. Although physical properties of S20A polymer equaled or surpassed those of polystyrene, the addition of butadiene, mineral oil, or isoprene to poly(styrene-co-acenaphthylene) drastically reduced the Tg. The reduction of Tg of S20A by the addition of butadiene was less severe when butadiene was added several hours after the polymerization had begun. The incompatible terpolymers were flexible but showed no improvement in craze resistance. Crazing has been explained as being caused by forces concentrated in regions of irregularities.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1963.070070113
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