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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in sediment by on-line narrow-bore column liquid chromatography/capillary gas chromatography (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 11 (1988), S. 197-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Coupling LC/GC ; Retention gap ; Polychlorinated biphenyls ; Sediment ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Narrow-bore column liquid chromatography coupled on-line with capillary gas chromatography (LC/GC) is used for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sediment via a heart-cutting technique. This method is compared with a method in which two off-line column clean-up steps are used with subsequent analysis by capillary gas chromatography. For the LC/GC analysis the recovery of PCBs was 90-100%. For two sediment samples from the river Meuse the LC/GC and the other, more laborious method showed good agreement.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240110211
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Liquid chromatographic trace enrichment with on-line capillary gas chromatography for the determination of organic pollutants in aqueous samples (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 10 (1987), S. 17-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Coupled LC-GC ; Retention gap ; LC trace enrichment ; Aqueous samples ; Organic pollutants ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Trace enrichment for the GC analysis of a series of chlorinated pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in aqueous samples has been achieved through a simple on-line technique involving sorption on an LC micro-precolumn followed by direct elution into a gas chromatograph with hexane. A 5-m retention gap coupled to the capillary GC column served as the recipient of a relatively large sample volume (ca. 100 μl) introduced into the GC. Partially concurrent solvent evaporation during sample introduction allowed a large sample capacity. Recoveries of more than 95% were observed for the majority of the compounds studied. Using 1.0 ml aqueous samples, detection limits of less than 1 ppt were found. The applicability of the developed method was demonstrated for a river water sample.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240100104
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Polar solvents for the desorption of a liquid chromatographic precolumn coupled on-line with a capillary gas chromatograph (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 12 (1989), S. 807-812 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Polar solvents ; Coupled LC-GC ; Partially concurrent solvent evaporation ; Trace enrichment ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Coupling column liquid chromatography and gas chromatography on-line is becoming more important in analytical chemistry. Especially when large amounts of polar solvents can be introduced into the gas chromatograph without any problem, the technique will offer new possibilities. With a DPTMDS retention gap, evaporation rates and flooded zones of some solvents have been determined. Two modes of operation using partially concurrent solvent evaporation conditions are discussed: (1) injecting a sample via a loop of an LC valve followed by introduction into the gas chromatograph with an LC pump; (2) trace enrichment on a precolumn followed by on-line desorption with n-propanol into the gas chromatograph. Preliminary results for a splitter system, inserted between the retention gap and the analytical column which allows a considerable increase of the evaporation rate are also presented.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240121209
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Variable splitter for regulation of the solvent evaporation rate in the coupling of liquid chromatography with gas chromatography (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 405-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Coupled LC-GC ; Retention gap ; Variable splitter ; Partially concurrent solvent evaporation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A system is described which accelerates the solvent evaporation rate in the retention gap. The evaporation is due to a saturation effect of the carrier gas stream, and a considerable increase in evaporation rate is obtained by inserting a split outlet between the retention gap and the capillary separation column in the gas chromatograph. By varying the backpressure of the spliter device, the flow rate through the retention gap can be adjusted and so too the evaporation rate. The evaporation process was monitored by inserting a dectecter in the split outlet line. The technique was applied to the on-line LC trace enrichment/GC analysis of water containing a mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240130604
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Increased speed of steroid analysis by capillary GC and GC-MS; effects of sample pretreatment and sample introdution (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 7 (1984), S. 414-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Steroid analysis ; Sample pretreatment ; Sample introduction ; Separation speed ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Quantitative analysis of steroids and their metabolites in urine samples calls for increased speed of sample clean-up, of the derivatization procedure, and of separation. A fast procedure for sample pretreatment, which can be performed within 8 hours, is introduced and evaluated. It is shown that use of fast pretreatment in combination with narrow bore columns, which are compatible with existing instrumentation, can considerably increase, laboratory throughput. The effect of different sample introduction techniques (e.g. splitless, on-column, and moving needle) on column efficiency and resolution is demonstrated and discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240070713
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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