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  • Articles  (31)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (31)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (31)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma polymerization of fluoromethanes (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 2043-2050 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: plasma polymerization ; fluoromethanes ; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ; glow discharge emission spectroscopy ; F/H ratio ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Methane and fluoromethanes (CHnF4-n, 1 ≤ n ≤ 3) were subjected to an rf glow discharge plasma. All the fluoromethanes (including methane) polymerized in the plasma and formed thin films. The deposition rate of the fluoromethanes depended on their monomer structure: CH2F2, of which the F/H ratio is unity, showed the greatest deposition rate. The elimination of H and F atoms as H - F was found to be a key factor for the polymerization of fluoromethanes. The chemical composition of the polymerized film, measured with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and glow discharge emission spectroscopy, was also found to be strongly dependent on monomer structure. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem. 36: 2043-2050, 1998
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron spin resonance studies of plasma-induced polystyrene radicals (1991)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 29 (1991), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Plasma-induced polystyrene radicals were first studied by electron spin resonance (ESR). The room temperature ESR spectrum was compared with those obtained by γ-irradiation, UV-irradiation, and mechanical fracture. It was found that even less than a few seconds of plasma-irradiation gave rise to a large amount of polystyrene radicals and the ESR spectrum consisted of two types of spectra, a triplet and a single broad line. The spectral feature of the triplet was nearly identical with that of γ-irradiated polystyrene. Thus, it was assigned to the structure of a cyclohexadienyl-type radical formed by a nearly random addition of a hydrogen atom to the aromatic ring. The single broad line, thought to be an outline of multicomponent spectrum, was assigned to an immobilized dangling-bond sites at the plasma-induced crosslinked portion of the polystyrene surface.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1991.080290102
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanistic study on mechanochemical polymerization of acrylamide (1991)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 29 (1991), S. 489-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ESR study of the radicals formed in mechanochemical polymerization of acrylamide (AAM) was undertaken. The nature of the radical formation was compared with the mechano-radical formation produced by mechanical fracture of polyacrylamide (PAAM). The structure of radicals formed were all identified to be an end-chain radical, equivalent to a polymer-chain propagating radical. The computer simulation disclosed that the observed spectra of the propagating radical can be approximated essentially by two kinds of component spectra, a large amount of triplet, and a small amount of quarter (a triplet of doublets). Thus, the existence of two major conformers in a single end-chain radical has been proposed. The ESR kinetics of the radical formation were further studied and its correlation with the nature of polymerization (the changes in molecular weight and polymer conversion) was discussed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1991.080290405
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viscoelastic properties of polystyrene-poly(vinyl methyl ether) blends in oscillatory and steady shear flows near the phase separation temperature (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 34 (1994), S. 327-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: polystyrene-poly(vinyl methyl ether) ; oscillatory shear flow ; steady shear flow ; shear induced homogenization ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Viscoelastic properties of a polystyrene-poly(vinyl methyl ether) blend were measured in oscillatory and steady shear flows near the phase separation temperature. In the one-phase region, the viscoelastic properties are independent of the type of flow and flow geometry, and their shear and frequency dependences are the same as those of homopolymers. When phase separation occurred, a change in viscoelastic properties was observed in all types of flow and flow geometries, and they are different in the different types of flow and/or different flow geometries in the two-phase region.In the shear rate dependence of viscosity of the polymer blend in the two-phase region at quiescence, a plateau region was observed, in which the shear viscosity can be regarded as the zero shear viscosity of the homogenized polymer blend at that temperature.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1994.210340313
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viscoelastic properties of polyelectrolyte solutions in non-entangled concentrated regions (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 40 (1996), S. 269-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: viscoelastic properties ; polyelectrolyte ; sodium polystyrenesulfonate ; non-entangled region ; Rouse model ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Viscoelastic properties of non-entangled concentrated aqueous solutions of three sodium polystyrenesulfonates with low molecular weights were measured in oscillation flows. Master curves of dynamic moduli were obtained by shifting the moduli data measured at different concentrations along the frequency (ω) axis for each molecular weight. The concentration shift factor used in making the master curves composes a single line irrespective of molecular weight. Storage and loss moduli are proportional to ω2 and ω, respectively, in the terminal region, while they are proportional to ω1/2 in the transition region. All the master curves can be well represented by the modified Rouse theory using the experimental values of concentration, molecular weight and viscosity in a reference state.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of hydroxyapatite coating on bone growth into porous titanium alloy implants under loaded conditions (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Biomaterials 5 (1994), S. 23-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1045-4861
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Titanium alloy tibial segmented defect repair devices whose stems were coated with two layers of titanium alloy beads (Ti-6A1-4V, bead diameter c. 750 μm) were implanted in six beagle dogs. In four of the animals stems had been plasma-sprayed with hydroxyapatite (HA); the other two animals received devices with uncoated stems. Devices intended for 6-month and 3-month evaluation were implanted in right and left tibiae, respectively. Because the amount of bone ingrowth into pore spaces was greater in cortical bone than in cancellous bone, stems were more stable and firmer in the cortical bone. In stems coated with HA, new bone tissue came into contact with the surface of beads in the superficial layer of the stem faster than in stems not so coated. Furthermore, new bone tissue entered into pore spaces in these stems earlier, in larger amounts, and reached more deeply, binding directly to the beads. Rate and quality of bone ingrowth did not differ between the 3-month and 6-month tibiae; in other words, optimal bone ingrowth was attained within 3 months postimplantation. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jab.770050105
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyelectrolyte complexes of heparin with chitosan (1976)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 20 (1976), S. 2561-2563 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1976.070200924
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Breakdown corrosion potential of ceramic coated metal implants (1990)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 24 (1990), S. 1111-1113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820240813
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydroxyapatite-coating on titanium arc sprayed titanium implants (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 35 (1997), S. 287-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: We developed a new titanium spray technique using an inert gas shielded arc spray (titanium arc spray). Hydroxyapatite (HA)-coating can be applied to the implant without any surface pore obstruction after the rough surface is made by this technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of various porous implant surfaces after HA-coating revealed that the bead and fiber metal-coated implants had either a pore obstruction or an uneven HA-coating. On the other hand, the titanium arc sprayed implant demonstrated an even HA-coating all the way to the bottom of the surface pore. In the first set of animal experiments (Exp. 1), the interfacial shear strength to bone of four kinds of cylindrical Ti-6A1-4V (Ti) implants were compared using a canine transcortical push-out model 4 and 12 weeks after implantation. The implant surfaces were roughened by titanium arc spray (group A-C) and sand blasting (group D) to four different degrees (roughness average, Ra = group A: 56.1, B: 44.9, C: 28.3, D: 3.7 μm). The interfacial shear strength increased in a surface roughness-dependent manner at both time periods. However, the roughest implants (group A) showed some failed regions in the sprayed layers after push-out test. In the second set of animal experiments (Exp. 2), four kinds of Ti implants; HA-coated smooth Ti (sHA) with Ra of 3.4 μm, bead-coated Ti (Beads), titanium arc sprayed Ti (Ti-spray) with Ra of 38.1 μm and HA-coated Ti-spray (HA + Ti-spray) with Ra of 28.3 μm were compared using the same model as that in Exp. 1. The interfacial shear strength of HA + Ti-spray was significantly greater than that of sHA and Beads at both time periods, and that of Ti-spray at 4 weeks. Although a histological examination revealed that HA-coating enhanced bone ingrowth, sHA showed the lowest shear strength at both time periods. SEM after pushout test showed that sHA consistently demonstrated some regional failure at the HA-implant substrate interface. HA + Ti-spray had many failed regions either at the HA-bone interface or within the bone tissue rather than at the HA-implant substrate interface. These results suggested that the HA-coated smooth surfaced implants had a mechanical weakness at the HA-substrate interface. Therefore, HA should be coated on the rough surfaced implants to avoid a detachment of the HA-coating layer from the substrate and thus obtain a mechanical anchoring strength to bone. HA-coating on this new type of surface morphology may thus lead to a solution to the problems of conventional HA-coated and porous-coated implants. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steady flow measurements on moderately concentrated solutions of poly(sodium acrylate) (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 1047-1059 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Shear stress P21 and normal stress P11 -P22 functions of moderately concentrated aqueous solutions of sodium poly (acrylate) were measured under steady shear flow at various shear rates \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\dot \gamma$\end{document} with a Weissenberg rheogoniometer. The compliance function Js = (P11 - P22)/2P212 is found to vary with shear rate. The double logarithmic plot of Js versus \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\dot \gamma$\end{document} can be superposed with respect to molecular weight at constant concentrations of added neutral salt and polymer. These reduced plots differ markedly as the concentration of added salt is varied but converge to a single line at high shear rates.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100608
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