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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamics of Electrolytes. 13. Ionic Strength Dependence of Higher-Order Terms; Equations for CaCl2 and MgCl2 (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 28 (1999), S. 265-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Electrolyte solutions ; osmotic coefficient ; activity coefficient ; thermodynamics ; calcium chloride ; magnesium chloride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract While the original ion-interaction (Pitzer) equations of 1973 were adequate for many electrolytes to the limit of solubility, additional terms are needed for some systems of large solubility. A simple pattern of ionic-strength dependence is proposed for third, fourth, and higher virial coefficients. It is found to be very effective in representing the complex behavior of CaCl2(aq) as well as that of MgCl2(aq) at 25°C. Equations without ion association are presented for each system that are valid for the full range to 11.0 and 5.9 mol-kg−1, respectively, as well as simpler equations for limited molality ranges.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022695525943
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isopiestic Determination of the Osmotic Coefficients of Na2SO4(aq) at 25 and 50°C, and Representation with Ion-Interaction (Pitzer) and Mole Fraction Thermodynamic Models (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 29 (2000), S. 1-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Isopiestic measurements ; sodium sulfate ; osmotic coefficient ; thermodynamics ; Pitzer's model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Isopiestic vapor-pressure measurements were made for Na2SO4(aq) from 0.11 to3.74 mol-kg−1 at 25.00°C and from 0.12 to 3.57 mol-kg−1 at 50.00°C, usingNaCl(aq) as the reference standard. Published isopiestic data, direct vaporpressures, emfs of reversible cells, freezing temperature depressions, boilingtemperature elevations, heat capacities, and dilution enthalpies for this system have beencritically assessed and recalculated in a consistent manner. Parameters for Pitzer'smodel and a mole fraction-based thermodynamic model were evaluated. Themole fraction-based thermodynamic model for Na2SO4(aq) is valid from thefreezing temperatures of the solutions to 150.5°C. Pitzer's model represents theosmotic coefficients and emfs essentially to experimental accuracy at 25 and50°C provided that the third virial coefficient was ionic-strength dependent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005182316790
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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