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  • Drosophila melanogaster  (4)
  • spiroacetal  (3)
  • taxonomy  (3)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How does Drosophila melanogaster overwinter? (1991)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 59 (1991), S. 51-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Overwintering ; Cold and freezing resistance ; Developmental duration ; Cold adaptation and evolution ; Drosophila melanogaster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In temperate regions low temperatures seem to be the most restrictive factor for survival of Drosophila natural populations, which depends on the capacity of one or more developmental stages to resist unfavourable winter conditions. In this study we have attempted to answer the question of how D. melanogaster overwinters under natural temperature conditions. Only adults overwintered and no diapause was observed in any developmental stage. Thus, developmental duration becomes a decisive component with respect to overwintering potential and, therefore, the preadult stages are unlikely to overwinter. Possible evolutionary steps in adaptation to cold regions are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187965
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterns of protein synthesis in salivary glands ofDrosophila melanogaster during larval and prepupal development (1981)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 190 (1981), S. 351-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Salivary gland ; Protein synthesis ; Larval development ; Drosophila melanogaster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Patterns of protein synthesis in the salivary glands ofDrosophila melanogaster have been studied throughout late larval and prepupal development by pulse labelling the tissues with35S-methionine. Specific changes to the pattern of proteins synthesized during development are found and the significance of these changes is discussed in view of the known changes in gene (puffing) activity which occur at the same times. We review the problem of salivary gland function in “prepupal”Drosophila.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00863272
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enantiospecific synthesis of (3S,6R)-3-hydroxy-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane and its (4R)-4-hydroxy isomer [minor components of olive fruit fly (Dacus oleae) sex pheromone] (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 18 (1992), S. 115-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Enantiospecific synthesis ; enantiomers ; spiroacetal ; pheromone ; Dacus oleae ; olive fruit fly ; Diptera ; Tephritidae ; D-fructose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The synthesis of (3S,6R)-3-hydroxy-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane (8) and its (4R)-4-hydroxy isomer (11) from (3R,4S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane (1), obtained from D-fructose, has been accomplished by regioselective deoxygenation at C-4 and C-3, respectively, of the appropriately protected derivatives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00993747
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bidirectional selection for female receptivity inDrosophila melanogaster (1993)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 23 (1993), S. 77-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster ; artificial selection ; female receptivity ; hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract A wild population ofDrosophila melanogaster was subjected to selection for high and low female receptivity. Selection was only applied in females on the basis of the mating times observed in a 30-min period. We applied a selection paradigm that allowed us to conclude that females unmated after 30 min correspond to the truncated upper tail of the distribution underlying mating times. Selection was successful, with mean mating times of about 5 min for the high lines, 35 min for the low lines, and 12 min for the control. Receptivity of the selection lines remained steady after 42 generations of relaxed selection, suggesting a lack of natural selection on receptivity in laboratory conditions. We also found a clear relationship between high or low receptivity and high or low frequency of hybridization withD. simulans males, emphasizing the role of female receptivity in maintaining isolation with its sibling speciesD. simulans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01067556
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental sensitivity and heterosis for egg laying in Drosophila melanogaster (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 78 (1989), S. 243-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Genotype × temperature interaction ; Heterosis ; Egg laying ; Drosophila melanogaster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Genotype × temperature interactions for egg laying were studied in Drosophila melanogaster using two sets of half diallel crosses: one between inbred lines of the same geographic origin, and the other between established laboratory, newly derived inbred lines from different geographic origins. The sensitivity of most genotypes to changes in temperature was adequately described as a linear regression of mean in temperature. The regression coefficients (linear sensitivities) were heterogeneous between genotypes. Hybrids were more affected by temperature variation than were inbreds. All the heterogeneity of linear sensitivities was accounted for by a linear function of the genotypic means, which strongly suggests that a scale effect is responsible for the differences in sensitivity to temperature. In contrast, no general relationship was found between standard error deviation (sensitivity to small environmental changes) and mean performance between genotypes, although hybrids tended to be less variable than inbreds. This shows that the sensitivity to environmental variation depends not only on the genotype, but also on the nature of the environmental variation. The variability within temperatures may be affected by the general homeostasis of individual genotypes, while the variability between temperatures could be the result of genes directly affecting the trait and their multiplicative interaction with the environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00288806
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enantiospecific synthesis of (R)-1,7-dioxaspiro [5.5]undecane [major component of olive fruit fly (Dacus Oleae) sex pheromone] from d-Fructose (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 17 (1991), S. 1529-1541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Enantiospecific ; synthesis ; spiroacetal ; pheromone ; olive fruit fly ; d-Fructose ; Dacus oleae ; Diptera ; Tephritidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The synthesis of the title compound13 has been carried out through the preparation of its precursor, (3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane (6), obtained fromd-fructose using Wittig's methodology, reduction, and spiroketalation. Compound6 was transformed into13 by a Barton deoxygenation at C-5 followed by a Corey dideoxygenation at C-3,4 of the appropriately protected derivatives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984686
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enantiospecific synthesis fromd-fructose of (2S,5R)- and (2R,5R)-2-methyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane [the odor bouquet minor components ofParavespula vulgaris (L.)] (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 19 (1993), S. 1265-1283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Enantiospecific synthesis ; spiroacetal ; d-fructose ; pheromone ; Paravespula vulgaris
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The synthesis of (2S,5R)-(1) and (2R,5R)-2-methyl-1,6-dioxaspiro [4.5]decane (2) from (2RS,5R,8R,9R,10S)-8,9,10-trihydroxy-2-methyl-1, 6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane (8), obtained in five steps fromd-fructose using Wittig's methodology, reduction, and spiroketalation, has been accomplished by a Corey dideoxygenation at C-8,9, followed by a Barton deoxygenation at C-10, of the appropriately protected derivatives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987385
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  • 8
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    Unknown
    DNA barcoding in Mucorales: an inventory of biodiversity (2013)
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi (0031-05850) vol.30 (2013) nr.1 p.11
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-20
    Description: The order Mucorales comprises predominantly fast-growing saprotrophic fungi, some of which are used for the fermentation of foodstuffs but it also includes species known to cause infections in patients with severe immune or metabolic impairments. To inventory biodiversity in Mucorales ITS barcodes of 668 strains in 203 taxa were generated covering more than two thirds of the recognised species. Using the ITS sequences, Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units were defined by a similarity threshold of 99 %. An LSU sequence was generated for each unit as well. Analysis of the LSU sequences revealed that conventional phenotypic classifications of the Mucoraceae are highly artificial. The LSU- and ITS-based trees suggest that characters, such as rhizoids and sporangiola, traditionally used in mucoralean taxonomy are plesiomorphic traits. The ITS region turned out to be an appropriate barcoding marker in Mucorales. It could be sequenced directly in 82 % of the strains and its variability was sufficient to resolve most of the morphospecies. Molecular identification turned out to be problematic only for the species complexes of Mucor circinelloides, M. flavus, M. piriformis and Zygorhynchus moelleri. As many as 12 possibly undescribed species were detected. Intraspecific variability differed widely among mucorealean species ranging from 0 % in Backusella circina to 13.3 % in Cunninghamella echinulata. A high proportion of clinical strains was included for molecular identification. Clinical isolates of Cunninghamella elegans were identified molecularly for the first time. As a result of the phylogenetic analyses several taxonomic and nomenclatural changes became necessary. The genus Backusella was emended to include all species with transitorily recurved sporangiophores. Since this matched molecular data all Mucor species possessing this character were transferred to Backusella. The genus Zygorhynchus was shown to be polyphyletic based on ITS and LSU data. Consequently, Zygorhynchus was abandoned and all species were reclassified in Mucor. Our phylogenetic analyses showed, furthermore, that all non-thermophilic Rhizomucor species belong to Mucor. Accordingly, Rhizomucor endophyticus was transferred to Mucor and Rhizomucor chlamydosporus was synonymised with Mucor indicus. Lecto-, epi- or neotypes were designated for several taxa.
    Keywords: Backusella ; biodiversity ; clinical relevance ; DNA barcoding ; intraspecific variability ; ITS ; LSU ; Mucor ; Mucorales ; nomenclature ; Rhizomucor ; taxonomy ; Zygorhynchus
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Article / Letter to the editor
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  • 9
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    DNA barcoding in Mucorales: an inventory of biodiversity (2013)
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 30 no. 1, pp. 11-47
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The order Mucorales comprises predominantly fast-growing saprotrophic fungi, some of which are used for the fermentation of foodstuffs but it also includes species known to cause infections in patients with severe immune or metabolic impairments. To inventory biodiversity in Mucorales ITS barcodes of 668 strains in 203 taxa were generated covering more than two thirds of the recognised species. Using the ITS sequences, Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units were defined by a similarity threshold of 99 %. An LSU sequence was generated for each unit as well. Analysis of the LSU sequences revealed that conventional phenotypic classifications of the Mucoraceae are highly artificial. The LSU- and ITS-based trees suggest that characters, such as rhizoids and sporangiola, traditionally used in mucoralean taxonomy are plesiomorphic traits. The ITS region turned out to be an appropriate barcoding marker in Mucorales. It could be sequenced directly in 82 % of the strains and its variability was sufficient to resolve most of the morphospecies. Molecular identification turned out to be problematic only for the species complexes of Mucor circinelloides, M. flavus, M. piriformis and Zygorhynchus moelleri. As many as 12 possibly undescribed species were detected. Intraspecific variability differed widely among mucorealean species ranging from 0 % in Backusella circina to 13.3 % in Cunninghamella echinulata. A high proportion of clinical strains was included for molecular identification. Clinical isolates of Cunninghamella elegans were identified molecularly for the first time. As a result of the phylogenetic analyses several taxonomic and nomenclatural changes became necessary. The genus Backusella was emended to include all species with transitorily recurved sporangiophores.\nSince this matched molecular data all Mucor species possessing this character were transferred to Backusella.\nThe genus Zygorhynchus was shown to be polyphyletic based on ITS and LSU data. Consequently, Zygorhynchus was abandoned and all species were reclassified in Mucor. Our phylogenetic analyses showed, furthermore, that all non-thermophilic Rhizomucor species belong to Mucor. Accordingly, Rhizomucor endophyticus was transferred to Mucor and Rhizomucor chlamydosporus was synonymised with Mucor indicus. Lecto-, epi- or neotypes were designated for several taxa.
    Keywords: Backusella ; biodiversity ; clinical relevance ; DNA barcoding ; intraspecific variability ; ITS ; LSU ; Mucor ; Mucorales ; nomenclature ; Rhizomucor ; taxonomy ; Zygorhynchus
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 10
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    A new species concept for the clinically relevant Mucor circinelloides complex (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 44, pp. 67-97
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-02
    Description: Mucor species are common soil fungi but also known as agents of human infections (mucormycosis) and used in food production and biotechnology. Mucor circinelloides is the Mucor species that is most frequently isolated from clinical sources. The taxonomy of Mucor circinelloides and its close relatives (Mucor circinelloides complex – MCC) is still based on morphology and mating behaviour. The aim of the present study was a revised taxonomy of the MCC using a polyphasic approach. Using a set of 100 strains molecular phylogenetic analysis of five markers (ITS, rpb1, tsr1, mcm7, and cfs, introduced here) were performed, combined with phenotypic studies, mating tests and the determination of the maximum growth temperatures. The multi-locus analyses revealed 16 phylogenetic species of which 14 showed distinct phenotypical traits and were recognised as discrete species. Five of these species are introduced as novel taxa: M. amethystinus sp. nov., M. atramentarius sp. nov., M. variicolumellatus sp. nov., M. pseudocircinelloides sp. nov., and M. pseudolusitanicus sp. nov. The former formae of M. circinelloides represent one or two separate species. In the MCC, the simple presence of well-shaped zygospores only indicates a close relation of both strains, but not necessarily conspecificity. Seven species of the MCC have been implemented in human infection: M. circinelloides, M. griseocyanus, M. janssenii, M. lusitanicus, M. ramosissimus, M. variicolumellatus, and M. velutinosus
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; mating tests ; maximum growth temperature ; Mucor ; mucormycosis ; new taxa ; phylogeny ; taxonomy ; zygospore formation
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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