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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Electrochromic WO3-Layers Prepared by Sol-Gel Nanotechnology (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 13 (1998), S. 673-678 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: electrochromism ; sol-gel ; tungsten oxide ; peroxotungstic acid ; nanocrystalline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Stable tungsten oxide coating sols suitable for electrochromic applications were prepared by a modified peroxotungstic acid route. Layers up to 250 nm thickness could be deposited on ITO-coated and/or FTO-coated glass substrates in a single dip-coating process. Optoelectrochemical measurements were employed to determine the variation of the electrochromic properties (change in optical density (ΔOD) and switching times) of WO3-layers, investigated as a function of coating parameters, such as chamber humidity and the temperature of heat treatment. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) has shown that the optimized layers possess a partially crystalline morphology with nanocrystalline regions 2–3 nm in size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008684720378
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Sol-Gel Process for Nano-Technologies: New Nanocomposites with Interesting Optical and Mechanical Properties (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 13 (1998), S. 397-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: nanocomposite ; surface modification ; hard coatings ; transparent adhesives
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Various nanocomposite systems have been synthesized by sol-gel routes. For this reason, prefabricated nanoparticles (SiO2 sols or boehmite powder) have been dispersed after surface modification in sol-gel-derived organically modified or polymeric ligand matrices. In all cases, a significant effect on dispersibility by surface modification could be observed. After curing, the mechanical or optical properties depend strongly on the dispersion and surface modification. Using these results, composites to be used in chip coupling and as hard coatings on polycarbonate and CR 39 have been developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008660909108
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SAXS and TEM Investigations on Thermoplastic Nanocomposites Containing Functionalized Silica Nanoparticles (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 13 (1998), S. 499-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: SAXS ; TEM ; nanocomposites ; hybrid materials ; surface modification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) were used to characterize the morphology of thermoplastic nanocomposites. These materials were based on a thermoplastic matrix of a copolymer of methylmethacrylate (MMA) and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) with spherical 10 nm silica particles as a filler (filler content 2, 5 and 10 vol%, respectively). Depending on the surface modification of the particles, it was possible to control the aggregation tendency of the primary filler particles. With uncoated particles large aggregates about 100 nm in size could be observed by TEM. For nanocomposites containing particles coated with methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS), TEM showed that the particles were better dispersed in the polymer matrix only forming aggregates comprised of two or three primary particles. In comparison to the TEM results, the volume weighted particle size distribution calculated from SAXS for the systems with uncoated particles is monomodal and shows particle sizes in the range of primary particles whereas the systems with MPTS coated particles revealed a bimodal size distribution with particle sizes comparable to those measured with TEM. To obtain complete information about the morphology of the nanocomposites above the critical upper limit of detectable scattering vectors (particle sizes 〉50 nm) SAXS has to be supported by TEM, whereas in the nanosize range below the critical limit both methods exhibit an excellent correspondence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008602118194
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photochromic Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposites as Holographic Storage Media (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 7 (1997), S. 123-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Keywords: nanocomposites ; sol-gel ; heteropolymetallates ; photochromics ; holographic data storage ; amplitude grating ; two-wave-mixing recording ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: This paper describes the properties of some new organic-inorganic photochromic layers. They are based on a hybrid organic-inorganic matrix in which tungsten heteropolyoxometallates (SiW12O4-40, PW12O3-40) are entrapped in a network obtained from the reaction of 3-glycidoxy-propyltrimethoxysilane. The high homogeneity of these materials on the nanoscale leads to transparent monoliths and layers of controlled thicknesses up to 40 μm. The optical properties of the blend are emphasised and the construction of amplitude gratings in the materials by two-wave-mixing experiments is described. The results of the optical experiments and the comparison with the theoretical background are used as a model for photochromic holographic storage processes. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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