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  • phase diagrams  (3)
  • Alkali halides/gadolinium halide systems  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 57 (1999), S. 203-208 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: crystal structures ; phase diagrams ; ternary lanthanide chlorides ; thermodynamic properties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The pseudobinary systems NaCl—LnCl3 (Ln=Tm, Yb, Lu) were investigated by DTA and X-ray diffraction. Two types of ternary chlorides exist: congruently melting compounds Na3LnCl6 with the cryolite-structure, incongruently melting compounds NaLnCl4 with the NaErCl4-Ln (Ln=Tm) or the NaLnCl4-structure (Ln=Yb, Lu). All these structure types contain [LnCl6]-octahedra. By solution calorimetry and e.m.f. measurements in galvanic cells for solid electrolytes could be proved that all compounds are formed from NaCl and LnCl3 by gain in lattice enthalpy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 598 (1991), S. 307-318 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Alkali halides/gadolinium halide systems ; phase diagrams ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ternary Chlorides in the Systems ACl/GdCl3 (A = Na—Cs)The phase diagrams of the pseudobinary systems ACl/GdCl3 (A = Na—Cs) were investigated by DTA. Their powder diffractograms were indexed in analogy to known structure families. By solution calorimetry and measurements of e.m.f. = f(T) in galvanic cells for solid electrolytes the enthalpies ΔH0 and free enthalpies ΔG0 for the formation of the ternary chlorides from the compounds adjacent in the systems were determined. The systems with A = K, Rb, Cs are analogous to those with Sm3+ and Eu3+. There exist compounds A3GdCl6, A2GdCl5 and AGd2Cl7. Cs2GdCl5 is crystallysing in the Cs2DyCl5 type; the Rb- and K-compounds and also Na2GdCl5 have the K2PrCl5-structure. In the system NaCl/GdCl3 additionally the compounds NaGdCl4 and Na3GdCl6 were found. L—Na3GdCl6 is metastable compared with (NaCl + Na2GdCl5); above 265°C stable H—Na3GdCl6 is existing (cryolite-structure).
    Notes: Die Zustandsdiagramme der pseudobinären Systeme ACl/GdCl3 (A = Na—Cs) wurden mittels DTA untersucht und soweit noch nicht bekannt die Strukturen der existierenden ternären Chloride aus Röntgenaufnahmen an Kristallpulvern bestimmt. Die Systeme mit A = K, Rb, Cs entsprechen den Systemen des Sm3+ und Eu3+. Es treten die Verbindungen A3GdCl6, A2GdCl5 und AGd2Cl7 auf. Von den 2:1-Verbindungen kristallisiert Cs2GdCl5 im Cs2DyCl5-Typ, die Verbindungen mit Rb und K sowie Na2GdCl5 im K2PrCl5-Typ. Im System NaCl/GdCl3 wurden außerdem die Verbindungen Na3GdCl6 und NaGdCl4 nachgewiesen. T—Na3GdCl6 ist metastabil gegenüber dem Zerfall zu NaCl und Na2GdCl5; oberhalb 265°C existiert stabiles H—Na3GdCl6 mit Kryolith-Struktur.über Messungen der Lösungsenthalpien und EMK-Messungen als Funktion der Temperatur in galvanischen Zellen für feste Elektrolyte wurden die Enthalpien ΔH0 und freien Enthalpien ΔG0 für die Bildung der ternären Chloride aus den im System benachbarten Verbindungen bestimmt. Auch hier entsprechen die Ergebnisse den in den Sm- und Eu-Systemen gefundenen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 620 (1994), S. 1543-1548 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Alkali metal chlorides/dysprosium chloride systems ; phase diagrams ; thermodynamic properties ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ternary Chlorides in the Systems ACl/DyCl3 (A = Cs, Rb, K)The phase diagrams of the pseudobinary systems ACl/DyCl3 (A = Cs, Rb, K) were investigated by DTA. With all alkali metals compounds A3DyCl6 (elpasolite family) and Ady2Cl7 are formed. Compounds A2DyCl5 exist only with Cs (Cs2DyCl5-type) and K (K2PrCl5-type). By solution calorimetry the formation enthalpies of the ternary chlorides from (nACl + DyCl3) were measured and ‘synproportionation enthalpies’ for the formation from the compounds, adjacent in the phase diagrams, calculated. K3DyCl6 is the only compound, which is formed with a loss in lattice enthalpy. E.m.f. measurements in dependence on the temperature have revealed that, as for the other compounds A3DyCl6, a remarkable gain in entropy exists, which stabilizes K3DyCl6 at T ≧ 312 K. This entropy gain correlates with the existence of isolated DyCl63- octahedra.
    Notes: Die Zustandsdiagramme der pseudobinären Systeme ACl/DyCl3 (A = Cs, Rb, K) wurden mittels DTA untersucht. Es existieren mit allen Alkalimetallen Verbindungen A3DyCl6 (Elpasolithfamilie) und Ady2Cl7 sowie Verbindungen A2DyCl5 mit A = Cs (Cs2DyCl5-Typ) und A = K (K2PrCl5-Typ). Von allen Verbindungen wurden über Lösungswärmen die Bildungsenthalpien aus (nACl + DyCl3) bestimmt und daraus ‘Synproportionierungsenthalpien’ für die Bildung aus den im Zustandsdiagramm benachbarten Verbindungen berechnet. Nur K3DyCl6 bildet sich aus den Nachbarn unter Verlust an Gitterenthalpie. EMK = f(T)Messungen zeigen, daß diese Verbindung oberhalb 39°C durch Entropiegewinn stabilisiert ist. Ähnlich große Entropiegewinne treten auch bei den anderen Verbindungen A3DyCl6 auf; sie alle enthalten isolierte Koordinationspolyeder.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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