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  • potassium chloride  (3)
  • nanocrystalline  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absolute determination of electrolytic conductivity for primary standard KCl solutions from 0 to 50°C (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 20 (1991), S. 391-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Cell constant ; conductance ; demal ; electrolytic conductivity ; potassium chloride ; primary standards ; resistance ; specific conductance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An absolute determination of aqueous electrolytic conductivity has been made for primary standards 0.01D and 0.1D (demal) potassium chloride solutions over the temperature range of 0 to 50°C in 5 degree intervals. A cell with a removable center section of accurately known length and area was used for the measurements. Values were adjusted to be in conformity with the ITS-90 temperature scale. The overall uncertainty over the entire temperature range is estimated to be 0.03%. Values at 25°C for 0.01D and 0.1D KCl solutions are 0.0014086 and 0.012852 S-cm−1, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00650765
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the absolute specific conductance of primary standard KCl solutions (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 18 (1989), S. 515-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Absolute standard ; conductivity cell ; demal ; electrolyte ; molality ; potassium chloride ; primary standard ; specific conductance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A determination of the absolute specific conductance of KCl solutions is demonstrated. The measurement is based on the conductance cell with a well defined geometry, having a difference in the removable center tube of accurately measured dimensions. The specific conductance of the solution is obtained from the measured resistances of the cell with and without the center tube and the measured l/A ratio of the center tube. Specific conductances obtained using the cell agree with the previously accepted standards for 0.1 demal and 0.01 demal solutions within 0.02%. Results are also presented for solutions based on molality. The temperature control, bridge, and detector technology used to obtain results of this accuracy are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00664234
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Review of electrolytic conductance standards (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 16 (1987), S. 985-997 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Aqueous solution ; cell constant ; conductance ; electrolytic conductivity ; potassium chloride ; primary ; resistance ; resistivity, secondary, standards, and temperature scale
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of aqueous electrolytic conductance are performed routinely in a variety of disciplines and industries. Conductivity is a measure of the ionic content in solution and thus has applications in pharmaceuticals, power plants, rainwater, lake surveys, and oceanography, to name a few. A thorough review of the measurement of and standards for aqueous electrolytic conductance is herein presented. At present, the most precise and accurate standards have been set forth by the International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML), and have been adopted by most other standards organizations. However, the uncertainty assigned to these standards, especially the secondary standards, is somewhat larger than would be expected from the physical aspects of the measurement. Several changes in the units and measurement scales, including temperature, volume, molar mass, resistance, and concentration obfuscate the accuracy of these standards. In addition to the review, research is proposed, using a conductance cell with variable length, to establish new standards for aqueous electrolytic conductance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00652583
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TG(M) and DTG(M) Techniques and Some of Their Applications on Material Study (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 58 (1999), S. 347-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: amorphous alloys ; Fermi-Dirac distribution ; nanocrystalline ; phase transition and TG ; TG(M) and DTG(M) techniques
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Adding a magnetic field gradient to the conventional TG system constructs the magnetic thermogravimetry analysis (TG(M) i.e. Faraday methods) and the magnetic derivative thermogravimetry (DTG(M)) techniques. We used the techniques to study the nanocrystalline processes of the FeCuNbSiB and FeCuNbCoSiB amorphous alloys. Some problems of their applications such as the characteristic temperature Tmin and TC are also discussed in detail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010199004211
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of Nanocrystalline Phase and Residual Amorphous Phase of FeCuNbSib Alloy Using TG(M) Technique (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 58 (1999), S. 355-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: Curie temperature ; nanocrystalline ; TG ; TG(M) and DTG(M)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The σ—T and dσ/dT—T curves of the FeCuNbSiB amorphous alloy, which are the relationship between the total saturated magnetic moment per unit mass σ and temperature, are investigated by magnetic thermogravimetry analysis (TG(M)) technique. It is found that the crystallization process of the samples can be divided into five stages. The studies of samples annealed in temperature range of 480–610°C for 1h show that when the annealing temperature (Ta) is less than 540°C, the quantity of nanocrystalline α-Fe(Si) phase increases evidently with Ta, and the Curie temperature (TC) of residual amorphous phase also increases linearly with Ta, i.e. TC=0.52Ta+91.7°C, with correlation coefficient γ=0.98. The variation of volume fraction of α-Fe(Si) nanocrystalline phase or residual amorphous phase with Ta is measured by TG(M) technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010151121049
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