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  • genetics, ecology  (1)
  • monitoring  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Marking and monitoring studies of the Kerguelen stock of southern elephant seals Mirounga leonina and their bearing on biological research in the Vestfold Hills (1988)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 165 (1988), S. 269-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: marking ; monitoring ; elephant seals ; Kerguelen Province
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Southern elephant seals Mirounga leonina breed and moult on many subantarctic islands during the austral spring and summer. In the Kerguelen Province the subpopulations of M. leonina at Kerguelen (49°21′S, 70°12′E), Marion (46°54′S, 37°45′E) and Possession (46°25′S, 51°45′E) Islands have declined since 1970 and their present status at Heard Island (53°05′S, 73°30′E) is unknown. Population studies during their terrestrial phase have failed to explain the declines. Long distance movements of individuals between the subpopulations in question and also the Vestfold Hills, Antarctica (68°35′S, 77°58′E) have been recorded. The availability of food resources, competition with rapidly increasing fur seal populations and competition with fishing fleets have all been implicated in their decline. These explanations assume that communal feeding grounds are utilized. As they are predators entirely dependent on marine feeding, a study of their spatial and temporal distribution during their pelagic existence is of the utmost importance. Parameters describing growth, reproduction rates, population dynamics, and feeding ecology of the subpopulations in the Kerguelen Province may furthermore serve as indices of change within the marine ecosystem. The presence of a relatively large and predominantly male nonbreeding population of M. leonina at the Vestfold Hills in Antarctica which originates from the Kerguelen/Heard Island group, and which shows annual return, should be included in the marking and monitoring studies of the Kerguelen stock of southern elephant seals. Studies here, including an update of the size and social structure of the Heard island subpopulation, may elucidate the observed decline of, in particular, the adult bull component of the breeding stock.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00025596
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    A global cline in a colour polymorphism suggests a limited contribution of gene flow towards the recovery of a heavily exploited marine mammal (2018)
    Royal Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-10-18
    Description: Evaluating how populations are connected by migration is important for understanding species resilience because gene flow can facilitate recovery from demographic declines. We therefore investigated the extent to which migration may have contributed to the global recovery of the Antarctic fur seal ( Arctocephalus gazella ), a circumpolar distributed marine mammal that was brought to the brink of extinction by the sealing industry in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It is widely believed that animals emigrating from South Georgia, where a relict population escaped sealing, contributed to the re-establishment of formerly occupied breeding colonies across the geographical range of the species. To investigate this, we interrogated a genetic polymorphism (S291F) in the melanocortin 1 receptor gene, which is responsible for a cream-coloured phenotype that is relatively abundant at South Georgia and which appears to have recently spread to localities as far afield as Marion Island in the sub-Antarctic Indian Ocean. By sequencing a short region of this gene in 1492 pups from eight breeding colonies, we showed that S291F frequency rapidly declines with increasing geographical distance from South Georgia, consistent with locally restricted gene flow from South Georgia mainly to the South Shetland Islands and Bouvetøya. The S291F allele was not detected farther afield, suggesting that although emigrants from South Georgia may have been locally important, they are unlikely to have played a major role in the recovery of geographically more distant populations.
    Keywords: genetics, ecology
    Electronic ISSN: 2054-5703
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Royal Society
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