ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Cytochrome c peroxidase ; hydrogen peroxide ; energetics ; yeast ; anaerobic respiration ; chemostat ; mitochondria ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Chemostat cultures of a catalase-negative mutant of Hansenula polymorpha CBS 4732 were able to decompose hydrogen peroxide at a high rate. This was apparent from experiments in which yeast was grown under carbon limitation in chemostat culture on mixtures of glucose and H2O2. The enzyme responsible for H2O2 degradation is probably the mitochondrial enzyme cytochrome c peroxidase (CCP), which was present at very high activities. This enzyme was partially purified and shown to be specific for reduced cytochrome c as an electron donor; no reaction was observed with NAD(P)H. Thus, reducing equivalents for H2O2 degradation by CCP must be provided by the respiratory chain.That H2O2 can act as an electron acceptor for reducing equivalents could be confirmed with experiments in which cells were incubated with ethanol and H2O2 in the absence of oxygen. This resulted in oxidation of ethanol to equimolar amounts of acetate.Energetic aspects of mitochondrial H2O2 decomposition via CCP and the physiological function of CCP in yeasts are discussed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: benzoic acid: Yeasts ; Crabtree effect ; respiration ; fermentation ; mitochondria ; metabolic flux ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Addition of benzoate to the medium reservoir of glucose-limited chemostat cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CBS 8066 growing at a dilution rate (D) of 0.10 h-1 resulted in a decrease in the biomass yield, and an increase in the specific oxygen uptake rate (qO2) from 2.5 to as high as 19.5 mmol g-1h-1. Above a critical concentration, the presence of benzoate led to alcoholic fermentation and a reduction in (qO2) to 13 mmol g-1h-1. The stimulatory effect of benzoate on respiration was dependent on the dilution rate: at high dilution rates respiration was not enhanced by benzoate. Cells could only gradually adapt to growth in the presence of benzoate: a pulse of benzoate given directly to the culture resulted in wash-out.As the presence of benzoate in cultures growing at low dilution rates resulted in large changes in the catabolic glucose flux, it was of interest of study the effect of benzoate on the residual glucose concentration in the fermenter as well as on the level of some selected enzymes. At D=0.10 h-1, the residual glucose concentration increased proportionally with increasing benzoate concentration. This suggests that modulation of the glucose flux mainly occurs via a change in the entracellular glucose concentration rather than by synthesis of an additional amount of carriers. Also various intracellular enzyme levels were not positively correlated with the rate of respiration. A notable exception was citrate synthase: its level increased with increasing respiration rate.Growth ofS. cerevisiae in ethanol-limited cultures in the presence of benzoate also led to very high qO2 levels of 19-21 mmol g-1h-1. During growth on glucose as well as on ethanol, the presence of benzoate coincided with an increase in the mitochondrial volume up to one quarter of the total cellular volume.Also with the Crabtree-negative yeasts Candida utilis, Kluyveromyces marxianus andHansenula polymorpha, growth in the presence of benzoate resulted in an increase in qO2 and, at high concentrations of benzoate, in aerobic fermentation. In contrast to S.Cerevisiae, the highest qO2 of these yeasts when growing at D = 0.10 h-1 in the presence of benzoate was equal to, or lower than the qO2 attainable at μmax without benzoate. Enzyme activities that were repressed by glucose in S. cerevisiae also declined in K.Marxianus when the glucose flux was increased by the presence of benzoate.The maximal aerobic fermentation rate at D = 0.10 h-1 of the Crabtree-negative yeasts at high benzoate concentrations was considerably lower than for S. cerevisiae. This is probably due to the fact that under aerobic conditions these yeasts are unable to raise the low basal pyruvate decarboxylase level: cultivation without benzoate under oxygen-limited conditions resulted in rates of alcoholic fermentation and levels of pyruvate decarboxylase comparable to those of S. cerevisiae.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...