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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kairomonal activities of 2-acylcyclohexane-1,3 diones produced byEphestia kuehniella zeller in eliciting searching behavior by the parasitoidBracon hebetor (say) (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 15 (1989), S. 1491-1500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Bracon ; Ephestia ; Lepidoptera ; Pyralidae ; Hymenoptera ; Braconidae ; kairomone ; host selection ; parasitoid ; foraging ; ketones ; 2-acylcyclohexane-1,3-diones
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract 2-Acylcyclohexane-1,3-diones produced in the mandibular glands ofEphestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) fifth instars acted as arrestment and host-trail following kairomones for the parasitoid,Bracon hebetor (Say) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). The behavioral response of the parasitoids to the kairomone varied with kairomone concentration and distribution. However, only small differences in activity were noted for the different mandibular gland components.B. hebetor females that encountered filter paper patches impregnated with the kairomone exhibited antennation and probing behavior. Females followed trails formed with 2-[(Z,E)12,14-hexadecadienoyl]cyclohexane-1,3-dione in the same manner exhibited with host-made trails. At concentrations of 1.0 μg/mm and above, trail following was interrupted by frequent probing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012378
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A long-range attractant kairomone for egg parasitoidTrissolcus basalis, isolated from defensive secretion of its host,Nezara viridula (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 19 (1993), S. 1167-1181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Trissolcus basalis ; Nezara viridula ; Hymenoptera ; Scelionidae ; Heteroptera ; Pentatomidae ; kairomone ; parasitoid ; identification ; defensive glands ; host location ; (E)-2-decenal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A short-chain α,β-unsaturated aldehyde, (E)-2-decenal, present in the defensive metathoracic gland ofNezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), stimulates a behavioral response in the egg parasitoidTrissolcus basalis (Woll.) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae). Preliminary studies showed thatT. basalis are attracted to an area containing adultN. viridula, but we also found that femaleT. basalis would examine and probe glass beads coated with an acetone extract of the metathoracic gland from males or females. Using this bioassay, the kairomone was isolated by bioassay directed by preparative gas chromatography and identified by NMR and mass spectrometry as (E)-2-decenal. The biological activity of the identified aldehyde was compared with analogs to determine specificity. An unstable Z isomer was found to be more active but not present in detectable or behaviorly relevant levels in the host, based on the bell-shaped dose-response curve of the two isomers. An investigation was also designed to determine if theE isomer was also responsible for the egg recognition kairomone activity previously reported. However, no 2-decenal isomers were detected in host egg extracts and the chemical characteristics of the 2-decenal isomers differ from the unidentified egg recognition kairomone. The role of the (E)-2-decenal in attracting femaleT. basalts toN. viridula was demonstrated in a Y-tube olfactometer; this alk-2-enal appears to act as a long-range kairomone orientingT. basalis toNezara populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987378
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of diet in host selection ofHeliothis virescens by parasitoidCampoletis sonorensis (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 10 (1984), S. 1535-1541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Campoletis sonorensis ; Heliothis virescence ; synomone ; kairomone ; host location ; Hymenoptera ; Ichneumonidae ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; parasitoid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Gas chromatographic analysis revealed that chemicals attractive toCampoletis sonorensis (Cameron), previously identified in cotton, were not present in wheat germ diet-rearedHeliothis virescens (F.) larvae. Diet-reared larvae fed cotton obtained the chemicals from cotton, with the consequence of enhanced kairomonal activity of the larvae and their frass toC. sonorensis. Parasitoids, presented a choice between cotton, cotton plus hosts, hosts alone, and control in an olfactometer, responded non-randomly, with the greatest number of responses to cotton plus hosts, and three times as many responses to cotton alone as to larvae alone. The role of the plant in the parasitoid-host relationship is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988422
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analyses of an egg recognition kairomone ofTelenomus heliothidis (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) Isolation and host function (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 9 (1983), S. 423-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Telenomus heliothidis ; Heliothis ; Hymenoptera ; Scelionidae ; accessory gland ; colleterial gland ; host recognition ; kairomone ; parasitoid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Two large proteins (〉330 K) present in the accessory gland ofHeliothis virescens F. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) serve as an egg recognition kairomone for the parasitoidTelenomus heliothidis Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae). Glass beads coated with the isolated proteins were examined and probed by the parasitoid while uncoated glass beads were not. Electrophoretic analysis of the contents of theH. virescens accessory gland suggests that the gland's contents serve as an egg adhesive. Comparison of the gland proteins revealed that theT. heliothidis hostHeliothis zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) accessory gland contained the kairomonally active proteins while the nonhostSpodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) did not.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988459
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