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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardenolide glycosides from the adults and eggs ofChrysolina fuliginosa (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (1992)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 48 (1992), S. 1023-1027 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Chrysolina fuliginosa ; Coleoptera ; Chrysomelidae ; beetles ; cardenolides ; eggs ; glands ; chemical defence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Besides the known sarmentogenin 3-O-β-D-allopyranoside (1) and digitoxigenin-3-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-2′, 3′-di-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranoside] (4), four new cardiac glycosides (2, 3, 5 and6) have been isolated from the defensive glands of adults ofChrysolina fuliginosa. The structures of the new compounds were determined by1H NMR at 600 MHz and FABMS. Compounds1–6, present in the adults ofC. fuliginosa, have also been identified in the eggs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01919158
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anthraquinones in different developmental stages ofGaleruca tanaceti (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 17 (1991), S. 2323-2332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Galeruca tanaceti ; Coleoptera ; Chrysomelidae ; anthraquinones ; eggs ; larvae ; hemolymph ; ovaries ; Tanacetum vulgäre ; Achillea millefolium ; feeding deterrence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The overwintering eggs and the larvae of the leaf beetleGaleruca tanaceti (L.) contain hydroxylated anthraquinones. In both developmental stages, l,8-dihydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone (= chrysophanol) and 1,8-di-hydroxyanthraquinone (= chrysazin) were detected by GC-MS and GC-FTIR analyses. In the eggs, chrysazin was found only in traces. Anthraquinones were also present in ovaries and hemolymph of gravid females, which were investigated in order to examine the incorporation of these substances into the eggs. Neither in acidified nor in nonacidified extracts of the host plantsTanacetum vulgäre L. andAchillea millefolium L. were anthraquinones found. The activity of these anthraquinones as chemical defense substances was proved in bioassays with the antMyrmica ruginodis NYL. Further possible biological significances of anthraquinones are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988011
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