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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Genetica 98 (1996), S. 111-113 
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: chromosome 22 ; chimpanzee ; gorilla ; orangutan ; M-BCR gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We hybridized a human M-BCR DNA probe to the chromosomes of chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), gorilla (Gorilla gorilld) and orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) by FISH-technique. The human M-BCR gene was localized to chromosome 23 band q11 (23q11), which is equivalent to the human chromosome 22 band q11 in all three species. The conservation of M-BCR gene in higher primates at the corresponding human chromosome locus provides phylogenetic clues concerning the evolution of genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: ape chromosome 3 ; chimpanzee ; gorilla ; human chromosome 4 ; orangutan ; Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is caused by a partial deletion in the short arm of chromosome 4 band 16.3 (4p16.3). A unique-sequence human DNA probe (39 kb) localized within this region has been used to search for sequence homology in the apes' equivalent chromosome 3 by FISH-technique. The WHS loci are conserved in higher primates at the expected position. Nevertheless, a control probe, which detects alphoid sequences of the pericentromeric region of humans, is diverged in chimpanzee, gorilla, and orangutan. The conservation of WHS loci and divergence of DNA alphoid sequences have further added to the controversy concerning human descent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Genetica 101 (1997), S. 97-104 
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: apes chromosomes ; chimpanzee ; gorilla ; orangutan ; DNA repeat sequence ; alphoid sequence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Heterochromatic regions of chromosomes contain highly repetitive, tandemly arranged DNA sequences that undergo very rapid variation compared to unique DNA sequences that are predominantly conserved. In this study the chromosomal basis of speciation has been looked at in terms of repeat sequences. We have hybridized twenty-one chromosome-specific human alphoid satellite DNA probes to metaphase spreads of the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), gorilla (Gorilla gorilla), and orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) to investigate the evolutionary relationship of heterochromatic regions among such hominoid species. The majority of the probes did not hybridize to their corresponding equivalent chromosome but presented hybridization signals on non-corresponding chromosomes. Such observations suggest that rapid changes may have occurred in the ancestral alphoid satellite DNA sequence, resulting in divergence among the great ape species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromosome research 4 (1996), S. 321-322 
    ISSN: 1573-6849
    Keywords: chimpanzee ; gorilla ; orangutan ; protooncogene ; p58 ; c-myc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: apes' chromosomes ; chimpanzee ; gorilla ; human chromosomes 1 ; 11 ; 13 ; and 16 ; orangutan ; subtelomeric sequences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Relative phylogenetic divergence of the members of the Pongidae family has been based on genetic evidence. The recent isolation of subtelomeric probes specific for human (HSA) chromosomes 1q, 11p, 13q, and 16q has prompted us to cross hybridize these to the chromosomes of the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes, PTR), gorilla (Gorilla gorilla, GGO), and orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus, PPY) to search for their equivalent locations in the great apes. Hybridization signals to the 1q subtelomeric DNA sequence probe were observed at the termini of human (HSA) 1q, PTR 1q, GGO 1q, PPY 1q, while the fluorescent signals to the 11p subtelomeric DNA sequence probe were observed at the termini of HSA 11p, PTR 9p, GGO 9p, and PPY 8p. Fluorescent signals to the 13q subtelomeric DNA sequence probe were observed at the termini of HSA 13q, PTR 14q, GGO 14q, and PPY 14q, and positive signals to the 16p subtelomeric DNA sequence probe were observed at the termini of HSA 16q, PTR 18q, GGO 17q, and PPY 19q. These findings apparently suggest sequence homology of these DNA families in the ape chromosomes. Obviously, analogous subtelomeric sequences exist in apes' chromosomes that apparently have been conserved through the course of differentiation of the hominoid species.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 237 (1993), S. 460-462 
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Telomeres ; heterochromatin ; chromosome ; human ; chimpanzee ; FISH-technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Using a series of genetic parameters, attempts have been made for more than two decades to establish the close kinship of human (Homo sapiens) with chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). Molecular and cytogenetic data presently suggest that the two species are closely related. The recent isolation of a human telomeric probe (P5097-B.5) has prompted us to cross hybridize it to chimpanzee chromosomes in order to explore convergence and/or divergence of the telomeric repeat sequences (TTAGGG)n. On hybridization, the human probe bound to both ends (telomeres) of chimpanzee chromosomes, suggesting a concerted evolution of tandemly repeated short simple sequences (TTAGGG)n. Even the terminal heterochromatin of chimpanzee chromosomes was found to be endowed with telomeric repeats, suggesting that evolution of heterochromatin and capping with tandemly repeated short sequences are highly complex phenomena.
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