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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ethological function of components of a sex attractant system for oriental fruit moth males,Grapholitha molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (1975)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 1 (1975), S. 475-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Tortricidae ; Grapholitha molesta ; Oriental fruit moth ; sex pheromone ; attractant ; Synergist ; hairpencil ; aphrodisiac ; cis-8-dodecenylacetate ; trans-8-dodecenylacetate ; dodecylalcohol ; cis-8-dodecen-1-ol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Field studies of male Oriental fruit moth,Grapholitha molesta (Busck), behavior indicated that a mixture of cis-8-dodecenyl acetate (c8-12∶Ac) and ca. 7% trans-8-dodecenyl acetate (t8-12∶Ac) was requisite for upwind anemotaxis. The simultaneous emission of dodecyl alcohol (12∶OH) and the attractant blend of c8-12∶Ac containing ca. 7% t8-12∶Ac elicited a behavioral repertoire including close-range orientation, landing near the chemical source, wing fanning, and extrusion of the males' abdominal hairpencils in precopulatory display. The effect of 12∶OH in increasing trap catches was, therefore, not due to its effect on upwind anemotaxis, but rather to its importance in eliciting landing and other close-range precopulatory behavior. Interestingly, cis-8-dodecen-1-ol in extremely low ratios to the attractants (1∶333) appeared to duplicate the activity of 12∶OH used in ratios of 3∶1 to the attractants. Laboratory observations of mating sequences revealed that male hairpencil eversion always preceded copulation. The evidence supports a male response sequence based on specific component combinations and concentrations eliciting successive behavioral steps rather than a response hierarchy dependent on increases in concentration of a single chemical or blend. Additionally, the closeness of the males' approach to c8-12:Ac containing ca. 7% t8-12:Ac was optimal at a discrete emission rate, and male responses were diminished within 30–60 sec after the males' arrival at the attractant source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988588
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavioral responses of maleArgyrotaenia velutinana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to components of its sex pheromone (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 2 (1976), S. 333-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Argyrotaenia velutinana ; redbanded leafroller ; sex pheromone ; attractant ; cis-11-tetradecenyl acetate ; trans-11-tetradecenyl acetate ; dodecyl acetate ; male behavior ; synergist ; inhibitor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Males of the redbanded leafroller,Argyrotaenia velutinana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), were studied for their behavioral responses in laboratory olfactometers and in the field to the 3 components of the female-produced sex pheromone:cis-11-tetradecenyl acetate (c11–14∶Ac),trans-11-tetradecenyl acetate (t11–14∶Ac), and dodecyl acetate (12∶Ac). Dodecyl acetate, when evaporated with c11–14∶Ac (8%trans) in the field, modified the behavior of feral males nearby the chemical source, causing an increase in the frequency of landing and close approach to the pheromone dispenser. Apparently, an inflight behavioral modification concerning landing or not landing occurs within 60 cm of the source and is mediated by 12∶Ac. In laboratory olfactometers, c11–14∶Ac (8%trans) demonstrated a lower threshold for male activation than pure c11- and t11–14∶Ac and blends of the two isomers. Additionally, over a wide range of dosages, males responded with optimum wing-fanning response to c11–14∶Ac (8%trans) compared to pure c11–14∶Ac, c11–14:Ac (30%trans), and pure t11–14∶Ac, suggesting that thecis∶trans ratio rather than absolute amounts of either isomer, is a crucial factor in eliciting male response. When presented with c11–14∶Ac (8%trans) (1∶1), dodecyl acetate caused a significant prolongation of wing-fanning over c11–14∶Ac (8%trans) alone and resulted in a greater percentage of males moving upwind to the source. Since the increase in wing-fanning and orientation occurred at higher concentrations of the 3-component mixture, the effect of 12∶Ac in the laboratory may reflect the close-range role of 12∶Ac in the field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988281
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hairpencil pheromone components of male oriental fruit moths,Grapholitha molesta (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 8 (1982), S. 947-959 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Hairpencil ; pheromone ; Grapholitha molesta ; Lipidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Oriental fruit moth ; ethyltrans-cinnamate ; mellein ; methyl jasmonate ; methyl 2-epijasmonate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract MaleGrapholitha molesta hairpencil components are ethyltrans-cinnamate, mellein, methyl jasmonate, and methyl 2-epijasmonate. The natural behavioral effect elicited by hairpencil-displaying males during courtship in attracting sex-pheromone-releasing females from several centimeters away can be duplicated by mixtures of ethyltrans-cinnamate in various combinations with the other components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987661
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and identification of a third component of the San Jose scale sex pheromone (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 7 (1981), S. 695-706 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: San Jose scale ; Quadraspidiotus perniciosus ; sex pheromone ; synthesis ; 7-methyl-3-methylene-7-octen-1-yl propanoate ; (E)- and (Z)-3,7-dimethyl-2,7-octadien-1-yl propanoate ; attractant ; Homoptera ; Diaspididae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Two components of the San Jose scale sex pheromone had previously been identified as 7-methyl-3-methylene-7-octen-1-yl propanoate (I) and (Z)-3,7-dimethyl-2,7-octadien-1-yl propanoate (II). An isomer and various homologs have subsequently been synthesized and tested in a greenhouse bioassay. TheE isomer of II (XI) was found to be attractive to male scales. This compound has now been isolated and identified from airborne extracts of virgin female scales. The composition of the natural pheromone was 48.5%, 46.7%, and 4.8% of I, II, and XI, respectively. In field tests in California and New York, synthetic XI was found to be attractive to male scales alone and in combination with I and II, but there was no obvious increase in trap catch when the synthetic isomers were present in the same ratio as in the natural blend.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00990302
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response specificity of male pink bollworm moths to different blends and dosages of sex pheromone (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 11 (1985), S. 1583-1590 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; pink bollworm ; Pectinophora gossypiella ; Lepidoptera ; Gelechiidae ; behavioral thresholds ; sustained flight tunnel ; odor discrimination ; Oriental fruit moth ; Grapholita molesta ; Tortricidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Male pink bollworm,Pectinophora gossypiella, were tested in a sustained flight tunnel to 119 blend-dosage combinations of the sex pheromone components, (Z,Z)- and (Z,E)-7,11-hexadecadienyl acetates, which are released by conspecific females in a 61∶39 ratio. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to define an area of peak attraction. Within this area males were most sensitive at lower dosages to ratios around the natural blend of components, but exhibited peak response levels at higher dosages to a wide range of blends, with a shift in blend preference to higherZ,Z isomer ratios at the highest dosage tested (10 mg). Male response specificity appeared to be influenced exclusively by a threshold for initiation of upwind flight, and not arrestment of upwind flight. The results are compared with those of another species, the Oriental fruit moth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012203
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex pheromone specificity as a reproductive isolating mechanism among the sibling speciesArchips argyrospilus andA. mortuanus and other sympatric tortricine moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 3 (1977), S. 71-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Archips argyrospilus ; Archips mortuanus ; pheromone ; attractant ; Tortricidae ; (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate ; (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate ; (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate ; dodecyl acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract MaleArchips argyrospilus (Walker) were maximally attracted to a 60∶40∶4∶200 admixture of (Z)-11-tetradecenyl, (E)-11-tetradecenyl, (Z)-9-tetradecenyl and dodecyl acetates. The identification of (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate, in addition to the other 3 components reported previously, is the first report of a 4-component pheromone system in moths.Archips mortuanus Kearfoot, a sibling species, was maximally attracted to a blend of the same components, but in a 90∶10∶1 mix of the tetradecenyl acetates. Among a number of tortricine moths that co-occur on apples and other hosts in New York, British Columbia, and elsewhere, differences in diel rhythms of attraction and seasonal distribution are insufficient to maintain reproductive isolation. Although the attractant systems of these species often possess components in common, males are maximally attracted to a speciesspecific blend. In tortricine moths attraction specificity appears to be a paramount mechanism for species partitioning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988135
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Attraction of redbanded leafroller moths,Argyrotaenia velutinana, to blends of (Z)-and (E)-11-tridecenyl acetates (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 3 (1977), S. 143-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Redbanded leafroller ; Argyrotaenia velutinana (Walker) ; (Z)-11-tridecenyl acetate ; (E)-11-tridecenyl acetate ; (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate ; (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate ; dodecyl acetate ; attractant ; pheromone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The pheromone ofArgyrotaenia velutinana (Walker) is a 92∶8∶150 mixture of (Z)-11-, (E)-11-tetradecenyl and dodecyl acetates. An 85∶15 blend of (Z)-11- and (E)-11-tridecenyl acetates produces a trap catch equivalent to that with the pheromone blend. The sensory input elicited by (Z)-11-tridecenyl acetate appears to substitute for the sensory input of both (Z)-11-tetradecenyl and dodecyl acetates, whereas the input from (E)-11-tridecenyl acetate appears to substitute for that of (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate. Surprisingly, addition of dodecyl acetate to the tridecenyl acetates mixture decreases trap catches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994141
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sublethal effects of neuroactive compounds on pheromone response thresholds in male oriental fruit moths (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 1 (1984), S. 331-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: sex pheromone ; Oriental fruit moth ; sublethal effects ; permethrin ; carbaryl ; chlordimeform ; dieldrin ; octopamine ; serotonin ; yohimbine ; cyproheptadine ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The pheromone-mediated flight behavior of male Oriental fruit moths in a sustained-flight tunnel was observed after males were treated topically with sublethal concentrations of permethrin, carbaryl, chlordimeform, dieldrin, octopamine, serotonin, yohimbine, and cyproheptadine. With the exception of serotonin all compounds were found to disrupt one or more specific elements of the male precopulatory flight sequence. Among the insecticides, dieldrin was least active, whereas permethrin, carbaryl, and chlordimeform induced unique effects at specific phases of the sequence. Octopamine induced a hypersensitivity to the olfactory signal and mimicked one of the effects observed with chlordimeform. Yohimbine and cyproheptadine significantly decreased moth activation to the chemical signal but did not alter flight performance in responding moths. Yohimbine and cyproheptadine also reversed the effects induced by octopamine. The results of our study show that the complex precopulatory sequence of behaviors exhibited by males is very sensitive to sublethal concentrations of a range of neuroactive compounds.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940010405
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