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  • General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc.  (5)
  • alveolar epithelium  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alveolar Permeability Enhancement by Oleic Acid and Related Fatty Acids: Evidence for a Calcium-Dependent Mechanism (1994)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 11 (1994), S. 513-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: oleic acid ; alveolar epithelium ; permeability ; cellular damage ; calcium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Pulmonary exposure to oleic acid (OA) is associated with permeability alterations and cellular damage; however, the exact relationship between these two effects has not been clearly established. Using cultured alveolar epithelial monolayers, we demonstrated that OA and some other fatty acids (≤50 µM) can induce permeability changes without detectable cellular damage. At higher concentrations, however, OA caused severe membrane damage and leakage to solute flux. The permeability enhancing effect of OA was observed with both the paracellular marker 3H-mannitol and the lipophilic transcellular indicator 14C-progesterone. While the effect of OA on transcellular permeability may be attributed to its known effect on membrane fluidity, the paracellular promoting effect of OA and its mechanism are not well established. We postulated that OA may increase paracellular permeability through a Ca2+-dependent tight junction mechanism. Using dual-excitation fluorescence microscopy, we demonstrated that OA can increase intracellular calcium, [Ca2+]i , in a dose-dependent manner. This effect was transient at low OA concentrations (≤50 µM) but became more pronounced and sustained at higher concentrations. Free hydroxyl and unsaturated groups were required for this activation since esterified OA (oleic methyl ester) and stearic acid (a saturated fatty acid with equal chain length) had much reduced effects on both the [Ca2+]i and the permeability alterations. Degree of unsaturation was unimportant since linolenic acid (18:3), linoleic acid (18:2), and OA (18:1) had similar and comparable effects on the two parameters. When the alveolar epithelium was bathed with Ca2+ -free medium, OA failed to elevate [Ca2+ ]i , suggesting that Ca2+ influx from the extracellular medium is responsible for the observed [Ca2+]i rise. This effect of OA was not due to nonspecific membrane damage since the monolayer maintained its integrity and the [Ca2+]ireturned to pretreatment levels after an initial transient rise. Moreover, the permeability alteration was fully reversible upon removal of OA. These results suggest that the alveolar permeability may be reversibly enhanced by sublethal concentrations of oleic acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018906330308
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Receptor-Mediated Peptide Delivery in Pulmonary Epithelial Monolayers (1994)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 11 (1994), S. 1121-1126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: pulmonary absorption ; receptor-mediated endocytosis ; transcytosis ; alveolar epithelium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The present study investigated the feasibility of utilizing receptor-mediated endocytosis as a means to enhance peptide delivery to the pulmonary epithelium. The strategy employs a molecular conjugate consisting of a cognate moiety, transferrin (TF), covalently-linked to a model polypeptide, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), via a reversible disulfide linkage. A cultured alveolar epithelial monolayer system was used to simulate the conditions of the pulmonary epithelium and to allow accurate quantitation of intra- and transcellular peroxidase transport. The alveolar cells were isolated from rat lungs by enzymatic digestion and grown on microporous tissue culture-treated polycarbonate filters. A significant increase in the uptake of HRP by the cell monolayer was observed upon its conjugation with TF. The effect was found to be concentration-dependent, being more pronounced at low concentrations, i.e., 3.9- and 1.2-fold increase over unconjugated HRP controls at the concentration levels of 0.05 and 1.50 U/ml respectively. Effective peroxidase uptake was shown to require the TF cognate moiety for the cell surface receptor. Specific internalization of the conjugate by the TF endocytic pathway was verified by competition for the TF receptor. Conjugate internalization was not followed by a proportional increase in transcytosis, i.e., at 0.05 U/ml conjugate level, a 1.7-fold increase in transcytosis was observed as compared to 3.9-fold for endocytosis. Effective enhancement of transcytosis was achieved by treating the monolayers with brefeldin A (BFA), a compound known to affect intracellular transport of TF receptor complexes. At 1.6 µ/ml concentration level, BFA promoted a 〉20-fold increase in the rate of transcytosis of the conjugate in both the apical-to-basal and basal-to-apical directions. This effect was not associated with membrane leakage since BFA-treated monolayers maintained tight barrier to transport of the paracellular permeability solute 14C mannitol. In addition, BFA had no significant effect on the transport of free HRP. Instead, the effect of BFA on conjugate transport was mediated by TF receptors since excess free TF competitively inhibited transcytosis of the conjugate. Thus, our results are consistent with the TF receptor-mediated transport of the conjugate and its enhancement through the intracellular rerouting of the conjugate by BFA. The findings in this study may potentially be relevant to the design of drug delivery systems that can enhance intra- or transcellular uptake of therapeutic peptides in the pulmonary epithelium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018980630675
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  • 3
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    Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution over 200 km (2014)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-07
    Description: Author(s): Yan-Lin Tang, Hua-Lei Yin, Si-Jing Chen, Yang Liu, Wei-Jun Zhang, Xiao Jiang, Lu Zhang, Jian Wang, Li-Xing You, Jian-Yu Guan, Dong-Xu Yang, Zhen Wang, Hao Liang, Zhen Zhang, Nan Zhou, Xiongfeng Ma, Teng-Yun Chen, Qiang Zhang, and Jian-Wei Pan Using stable, high-efficiency single photon detectors, a quantum key distribution protocol is demonstrated and shown to be secure over a distance of 200 km. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 190501] Published Thu Nov 06, 2014
    Keywords: General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 4
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    Quantum Delayed-Choice Experiment with a Beam Splitter in a Quantum Superposition (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-29
    Description: Author(s): Shi-Biao Zheng, You-Peng Zhong, Kai Xu, Qi-Jue Wang, H. Wang, Li-Tuo Shen, Chui-Ping Yang, John M. Martinis, A. N. Cleland, and Si-Yuan Han A beam splitter is placed in a quantum superposition state of being both active and inactive allowing the wave and particle aspects of the system to be observed in a single setup. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 260403] Published Mon Dec 28, 2015
    Keywords: General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 5
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    Entanglement-Based Machine Learning on a Quantum Computer (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-20
    Description: Author(s): X.-D. Cai, D. Wu, Z.-E. Su, M.-C. Chen, X.-L. Wang, Li Li, N.-L. Liu, C.-Y. Lu, and J.-W. Pan Machine learning, a branch of artificial intelligence, learns from previous experience to optimize performance, which is ubiquitous in various fields such as computer sciences, financial analysis, robotics, and bioinformatics. A challenge is that machine learning with the rapidly growing “big data” ... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 110504] Published Thu Mar 19, 2015
    Keywords: General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 6
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    Multiphoton Interference in Quantum Fourier Transform Circuits and Applications to Quantum Metrology (2017)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-25
    Description: Author(s): Zu-En Su, Yuan Li, Peter P. Rohde, He-Liang Huang, Xi-Lin Wang, Li Li, Nai-Le Liu, Jonathan P. Dowling, Chao-Yang Lu, and Jian-Wei Pan Quantum Fourier transforms (QFTs) have gained increased attention with the rise of quantum walks, boson sampling, and quantum metrology. Here, we present and demonstrate a general technique that simplifies the construction of QFT interferometers using both path and polarization modes. On that basis,... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 080502] Published Thu Aug 24, 2017
    Keywords: General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 7
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    Experimental Blind Quantum Computing for a Classical Client (2017)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-04
    Description: Author(s): He-Liang Huang, Qi Zhao, Xiongfeng Ma, Chang Liu, Zu-En Su, Xi-Lin Wang, Li Li, Nai-Le Liu, Barry C. Sanders, Chao-Yang Lu, and Jian-Wei Pan To date, blind quantum computing demonstrations require clients to have weak quantum devices. Here we implement a proof-of-principle experiment for completely classical clients. Via classically interacting with two quantum servers that share entanglement, the client accomplishes the task of having t... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 050503] Published Wed Aug 02, 2017
    Keywords: General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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