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  • Triticum aestivum  (3)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (2)
  • Pisum (stem growth)  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indole-3-acetic acid levels after phytochrome-mediated changes in the stem elongation rate of dark- and light-grown Pisum seedlings (1992)
    Springer
    Planta 188 (1992), S. 85-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin and stem growth ; Epidermis and stem growth ; Pisum (stem growth) ; Phytochrome stem growth ; Stem elongation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of red (R) and far-red (FR) light on stem elongation and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels was examined in dwarf and tall Pisum sativum L. seedlings. Red light reduced the extension-growth rate of etiolated seedlings by 70–90% after 3 h, and this inhibition was reversible by FR. Inhibition occurred throughout the growing zone. After 3 h of R, the level of extractable IAA in whole stem sections from the growing zone of etiolated plants either increased or showed no change. By contrast, extractable IAA from epidermal peels consistently decreased 3 h after R treatments. Decreases of 40% were observed for epidermal peels from the top 1 cm of tall plants receiving 3 h R. Brief R treatments resulted in smaller decreases in epidermal IAA levels and these decreases were not as great when FR followed R. In lightgrown plants, end-of-day FR stimulated growth during the following dark period in a photoreversible manner. The uppermost 1 cm of expanding third internodes was most responsive to the FR. Extractable IAA from epidermal peels from the upper 1 cm of third internodes increased by 30% or more 5 h after FR. When R followed the FR the increases were smaller. Levels of IAA in whole stem sections did not change and were twofold greater than in dark-grown plants. In both dark- and light-grown tall plants, IAA levels were lower in epidermal peels than in whole stem segments. These results provide evidence that IAA is compartmentalized at the tissue level within the growing stem and that phytochrome regulation of stem elongation rates may be partly based on modulating the level of IAA within the epidermis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00198943
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indole-3-acetic acid levels after phytochrome-mediated changes in the stem elongation rate of dark- and light-grownPisum seedlings (1992)
    Springer
    Planta 188 (1992), S. 85-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin and stem growth ; Epidermis and stem growth ; Pisum (stem growth) ; Phytochrome stem growth ; Stem elongation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of red (R) and far-red (FR) light on stem elongation and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels was examined in dwarf and tallPisum sativum L. seedlings. Red light reduced the extension-growth rate of etiolated seedlings by 70–90% after 3 h, and this inhibition was reversible by FR. Inhibition occurred throughout the growing zone. After 3 h of R, the level of extractable IAA in whole stem sections from the growing zone of etiolated plants either increased or showed no change. By contrast, extractable IAA from epidermal peels consistently decreased 3 h after R treatments. Decreases of 40% were observed for epidermal peels from the top 1 cm of tall plants receiving 3 h R. Brief R treatments resulted in smaller decreases in epidermal IAA levels and these decreases were not as great when FR followed R. In lightgrown plants, end-of-day FR stimulated growth during the following dark period in a photoreversible manner. The uppermost 1 cm of expanding third internodes was most responsive to the FR. Extractable IAA from epidermal peels from the upper 1 cm of third internodes increased by 30% or more 5 h after FR. When R followed the FR the increases were smaller. Levels of IAA in whole stem sections did not change and were twofold greater than in dark-grown plants. In both dark- and light-grown tall plants, IAA levels were lower in epidermal peels than in whole stem segments. These results provide evidence that IAA is compartmentalized at the tissue level within the growing stem and that phytochrome regulation of stem elongation rates may be partly based on modulating the level of IAA within the epidermis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01160716
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosome location of genes for resistance to powdery mildew in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) 1. Mlk and other alleles at the Pm3 locus (1993)
    Springer
    Euphytica 68 (1993), S. 223-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: common wheat ; Triticum aestivum ; resistance genes ; Erysiphe graminis tritici ; powdery mildew ; monosomic analysis ; allelism tests
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Several wheat cultivars/lines were inoculated with isolates of Erysiphe graminis tritici to identify new genes/alleles for resistance. The wheats were tested with 13 isolates that had been characterized from responses on differential lines with known resistance genes. Gene Mlk which occurs in cultivars ‘Kolibri’, ‘Syros’, ‘Ralle’ and several other European common wheats was found to be an allele at the Pm3 locus and is now designated Pm3d. The mildew resistance in an old Australian wheat, ‘W150’, is conferred by a single gene also allelic to Pm3 and now designated Pm3e. The near-isogenic line ‘Michigan Amber/8*Cc’ possesses another allele now designated Pm3f. A Syrian land variety of common wheat shows mildew resistance that is conditioned by the combination of genes Pm1 and Pm3a. Finally, two accessions of Triticum aestivum ssp. sphaerococcum appeared to possess the Pm3c allele.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00029876
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosomal location of powdery mildew resistance genes in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) 3. Gene Pm22 in cultivar Virest (1996)
    Springer
    Euphytica 91 (1996), S. 149-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: common wheat ; Triticum aestivum ; powdery mildew ; resistance gene ; monosomic analysis ; gene location
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Common wheat cultivar Virest possesses mildew resistance which is different from resistances expressed by currently documented mildew resistance genes, detected by response to eleven differential wheat powdery mildew isolates. F2 populations from hybrids of the 21 ‘Chinese Spring’ monosomic lines with ‘Virest’ revealed one major dominant gene, located on wheat chromosome 1D. The new gene is designated Pm22. Italian cultivars Elia, Est Mottin, Ovest and Tudest also showed the disease response pattern corresponding to ‘Virest’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021064
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Powdery mildew resistance in Aegilops tauschii coss. and synthetic hexaploid wheats (1994)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 41 (1994), S. 151-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; Aegilops tauschii (syn. Ae. squarrosa) ; Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici resistance genes ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A collection of 400 Ae. tauschii (syn. Ae. squarrosa) Coss. accessions were screened for powdery mildew resistance based on the response patterns of 13 wheat cultivars/lines possessing major resistance genes to nine differential mildew isolates. 106 accessions showed complete resistance to all isolates, and 174 accessions revealed isolate-specific resistance, among which were 40 accessions exhibiting an identical response pattern as wheat cultivar ‘Ulka/*8Cc’ which is known to possess resistance gene Pm2. Expression of both complete and isolate-specific resistance from Ae. tauschii was observed in some synthetic hexaploid wheats derived from four mildew susceptible T. durum Desf. parents, each crossed with five to 38 resistant diploid Ae. tauschii accessions. Synthetic amphiploids involving different combinations of T. durum and Ae. tauschii generally showed a decrease in resistance compared with that expressed by the Ae. tauschii parental lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00051631
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetische Ressourcen von Wildpflanzenarten beleben die Kulturpflanzenzüchtung (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biologie in unserer Zeit 28 (1998), S. 371-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 0045-205X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Die Entwicklung der heute in der Landwirtschaft und im Gartenbau genutzten Kulturpflanzen ist eine der wichtigsten Leistungen in der Geschichte der Menschheit. Züchterische Maßlig;nahmen des Menschen haben zum Ziel, Pflanzen so zu verändern, daßlig; sie besser an seine Bedürfnisse angepaßlig;t sind. Die Eingriffe durch Züchtung nennt man „gelenkte Evolution“. Ausgehend von wild vorkommenden Arten hat der Mensch Nutzpflanzen geschaffen, die ohne seine Hilfe in der freien Natur auf Dauer nur geringe überlebenschancen hätten. Neben den Nutzpflanzen findet man in der Natur noch viele wilde Arten, die mit den Kulturpflanzen verwandt sind und sich häufig mit ihnen kreuzen lassen. Die wilden Arten verfügen über ein genetisches Potential, auf das in den letzten Jahren immer häufiger zurückgegriffen worden ist, um Zuchtziele des Menschen zu verwirklichen. Vor allem müssen ständig neue Resistenzen gegen Krankheiten und Schädlinge gefunden werden, um dem Infektionsdruck der Krankheitserreger zu widerstehen. Aber auch Gene für Toleranz gegenüber abiotischem Streßlig;, wie Kälte, Dürre, Salz oder Aluminiumtoxizität, sind in den Wildarten vorhanden. Sie können in die Kulturpflanzen eingekreuzt werden, um sie gegen diese Streßlig;faktoren widerstandsfähiger zu machen.Voraussetzung für den Gentransfer von einer Wildart in eine Kulturart ist ihre Kreuzbarkeit. Darüber hinaus mußlig; im Kreuzungsbastard crossing over zwischen homologen Chromosomen gewährleistet sein. Wenn die Chromosomen nicht zu natürlichem crossing over in der Lage sind, können genetische Paarungsmechanismen in der Meiose eingesetzt werden, die zu dem gewünschten Gentransfer führen.Im folgenden soll anhand von drei Beispielen die Bedeutung des genetischen Potentials wilder und verwandter Pflanzenarten für die Verbesserung der Krankheitsresistenz und Inhaltsstoffe sowie Toleranz gegen abiotischen Streßlig; bei Kulturpflanzen demonstriert werden.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biuz.960280606
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution und Züchtung des Saatweizens (Triticum aestivum L.) (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biologie in unserer Zeit 21 (1991), S. 248-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 0045-205X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Seitdem der abendländische Mensch erkannt hatte, daß sich Getreidekörner, besonders die des Weizens, zur Mehl- und Brotherstellung eignen, ist er auf Gedeih und Verderb mit dieser Pflanzenart verbunden. Ohne den Einfluß des Menschen wären die Kulturformen von Weizen, Reis, Gerste, Hafer und Mais nicht denkbar. War er es doch, der entscheidend dazu beigetragen hat, daß sich im Laufe von Jahrtausenden unsere wichtigsten Getreidearten von ehemals spindelbrüchigen Gräsern, deren Samen nach der Reife auf den Boden fielen, Schrittweise zu zähspindeligen, nichtährenbrüchigen Hochleistungs-Nutzpflanzen umwandelten.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biuz.19910210509
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