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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal snychrony and patterns in an exotic host-parasitoid community (1994)
    Springer
    Oecologia 100 (1994), S. 196-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Braconidae ; Tephritidae ; Temporal ; Synchrony
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We studied an imported host-parasitoid community in Hawaii, asking to what extent the species covaried in a systematic fashion even though all species were exotic to Hawaii, and occurred in an artificial agroecosystem (a commercial guava, Psidium guajava L., orchard). Using knock-down pyrethrin sprays we were able to accurately quantify numbers of the host, [oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel)] and its four major parasitoid species [Biosteres arisanus (Sonan), Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead), Psyttalia incisi (Silvestri), and Bi. vandenboschi (Fullaway)] at hourly intervals. We found that the parasitoids' activity and abundance was well correlated with the activity and abundance of their host, and that all four parasitoid species covaried in concert with one another. In fact, the magnitude of correlation between the different species in this system was greater than the correlation with temperature. This show clearly that an entirely exotic community, reassembled piecemeal as a result of biocontrol efforts, can end up with patterns of temporal covariation that are highly coincident. One other interesting result concerns the speed with which sprayed trees were recolonized by the fruit fly and its parasitoids. The time that it took each species to reach its mean density prior to removal by the first pyrethrin spray at 0600 hours varied. It took 2 h for female B. dorsalis to recolonize guava trees to pre-spray levels. It took 3 h for Bi. arisanus, 4 h for D. longicaudata, 7 h for Bi. vandenboschi and 14 h for P. incisi to reach pre-spray levels. The fact that Bi. arisanus recolonized vacant trees almost as rapidly as did the fruit fly pest suggest that there is little opportunity for the fruit fly to escape in space and time by “staying one step ahead of its enemies”.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317147
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intra-tree foraging behavior ofDacus dorsalis flies in relation to host fruit quantity, quality and type (1993)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 66 (1993), S. 13-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Insecta ; foraging behavior ; host selection ; Tephritidae ; Diptera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We observed the fruit foraging behavior of mature female oriental fruit flies,Dacus dorsalis Hendel (Diptera, Tephritidae), released individually onto potted field-caged host trees containing fruit of different quality, quantity, or type (no fruit, 3 or 12 uninfested kumquats, 12 infested kumquats, or 3 uninfested sweet oranges). Our findings were largely consistent with foraging-behavior theory, and with previous results for Mediterranean fruit fly,Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), and the apple maggot fly,Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh): (1) flies left fruitless trees soon after release, (2) more flies visited fruit, and flies visited more fruit and spent more time on trees with increasing fruit density, and (3) Giving Up Time (time between last oviposition and leaving the tree) was significantly greater for flies visiting infested fruit than for those visiting uninfested fruit. Oriental fruit flies declined to oviposit in fruit containing conspecific larvae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02381542
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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