ISSN:
1573-5052
Keywords:
Alpine zone
;
Krummholz
;
Subalpine zone
;
Timberline ecotone
;
Warmth Index
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Biology
Notes:
Abstract The development of the Pinus pumila zone of Hokkaido, northern Japan is discussed on the basis of an examination of the Warmth Index (WI). The Pinus pumila zone is developed on deforested areas in the boreal subalpine belt, and is characterized by strong wind and heavy snow accumulation in winter, and by the presence of rocky fields. It is concluded that in Japan, including Hokkaido, this high mountain zone generally is intrazonal, belonging mainly to the subalpine belt, and that such zones are not common in Europe and North America. Its formation is due mainly to present-day wind, snow and substrate conditions and partly to conditions prevailing during the glacial period.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00036513
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