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  • 1
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    Conceptual design of a spaceborne radar for rain and cloud sensing (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: A conceptual design for a mid-latitude orbiting precipitation and cloud mapping radar is discussed. In this conceptual design the radar utilizes a narrow, dual-frequency beam, electronically scanned antenna to achieve 4-km spatial resolution and 300-km cross-track swath. Vertical resolution of 500 m is achieved by short-pulse transmission. It is expected that such system can measure rain rates up to 100 mm/hr for precipitation at the cloud base, surface precipitation up to 20 mm/hr, and cloud reflectivities as low as -39 dBz. By averaging over 100 independent samples, signal reflectivities can be estimated to better than 20 percent. Other rain and cloud characteristics, such as height, thickness, and cell size, can also be extracted from the data.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTATION
    Type: In: Atmospheric propagation and remote sensing; Proceedings of the Meeting, Orlando, FL, Apr. 21-23, 1992 (A93-37102 14-74); p. 363-369.
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Cassini Titan Radar Mapper (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The Cassini Titan Radar Mapper is a multimode radar instrument designed to probe the optically inaccessible surface of Titan, Saturn's largest moon. The instrument is to be included in the payload of the Cassini Saturn Mission, scheduled for launch in 1995. The individual modes of Cassini Radar Mapper will allow topographic mapping and surface imaging at few hundred meters resolution. The requirements that lay behind the design are briefly discussed, and the configuration and capability of the instrument are described. The present limited knowledge of Titan's surface and the measurement requirements imposed on the radar instrument are addressed. Also discussed are the Cassini mission and the projected orbits, which imposed another set of design constraints that led to the multitude of modes and to an unconventional antenna configuration. The antenna configuration and the different radar modes are described.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTATION
    Type: IEEE, Proceedings (ISSN 0018-9219); 79; 867-880
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Tropical rain mapping radar on the Space Station (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The conceptual design for a tropical rain mapping radar for flight on the manned Space Station is discussed. In this design the radar utilizes a narrow, dual-frequency (9.7 GHz and 24.1 GHz) beam, electronically scanned antenna to achieve high spatial (4 km) and vertical (250 m) resolutions and a relatively large (800 km) cross-track swath. An adaptive scan strategy will be used for better utilization of radar energy and dwell time. Such a system can detect precipitation at rates of up to 100 mm/hr with accuracies of roughly 15 percent. With the proposed space-time sampling strategy, the monthly averaged rainfall rate can be estimated to within 8 percent, which is essential for many climatological studies.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTATION
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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