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  • 1
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    Search for broad gamma ray lines with the UCR double Compton scatter telescope (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The operation of a double scatter telescope and the evaluation of data obtained during a 24 hour balloon flight are discussed. An increase in gamma rays was observed as the galactic anti-center crossed the aperature of the telescope. Searches for lines from p(n,gamma)d at 2.2 MeV, C-12* at 4.4 MeV and on -16* at 6.1 MeV and for other lines broadened or redshifted are being conducted to identify the processes responsible for the production of celestial gamma rays. Two upper limits for lines in the angalactic anti-center direction at 4.4 MeV and 6.1 MeV are 6 and 4 x 10 to the minus 4 power gamma/sq cm-s.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Gamma Ray Spectry. in Astrophys.; p 217-222
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  • 2
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    Cosmic diffuse gamma rays from 2 to 25 MeV (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Results are reported for measurements of cosmic diffuse gamma rays performed with a double Compton scatter gamma-ray telescope flows aboard a balloon at 3.5-g/sq cm residual atmosphere. The operation and calibration of the telescope are briefly reviewed, unwanted backgrounds are identified, and the only significant background for the telescope used is shown to arise from the interaction of albedo neutrons with hydrogen and carbon in one of the liquid scintillators. The fluxes of cosmic diffuse gamma rays with energies of 2 to 3, 3 to 5, 5 to 7, 7.5 to 10 MeV are listed, and upper limits are provided for energies of 10 to 15 and 15 to 25 MeV. These data are compared with numerous previous measurements, and no indication is found that the diffuse radiation is statistically different from isotropic. Upper limits are placed on the gamma-ray fluxes (mainly 3 to 25 MeV) from various localized sources.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 218
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  • 3
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    Observation of gamma-ray bursts with the SMM gamma-ray spectrometer (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The gamma-ray spectrometer on SMM is sensitive to bursts within its field of view with intensities greater than 0.000005 erg/sq cm above 100 keV. It has detected 17 events between February 1980 and March 1981 with the characteristics of cosmic gamma-ray bursts. The most intense burst, on 19 April 1980, had a photon spectrum consistent with a power law with spectral index - 2.5 from 300 keV to approximately 7 MeV. It is not possible at present to exclude the sun as the source of this burst. Spectra of 11 of the bursts have been studied for line features with no clear evidence for line emission greater than 300 keV. The continuum radiation from about half of these events have hard emission extending to approximately equal to or greater than 2 MeV.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: International Cosmic Ray Conference; Jul 13, 1981 - Jul 25, 1981; Paris; France
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  • 4
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    Atmospheric gamma ray angle and energy distributions from sea level to 3.5 g/sq cm and 2 to 25 MeV (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Differential fluxes of gamma rays were calculated for energies of 2-25 MeV, zenith angles of 0-50 deg and 180-130 deg, and atmospheric depths from nominal sea level, 1000 g/sq cm, to float altitude, 3.5 g/sq cm residual atmosphere. Above 100 g/sq cm growth curves were constructed to estimate the contribution of the extraterrestrial gamma ray flux to the total downward-moving flux, while the upward-moving gamma rays were taken to be strictly of atmospheric origin. Below 100 g/sq cm, all gamma rays originate in the atmosphere. The downward atmospheric flux increases by almost two orders of magnitude between float altitude and the Pfotzer maximum, while the extraterrestrial flux is attenuated exponentially. Gamma rays produced by neutron interactions with the carbon in the scintillator liquid are eliminated by constructing growth curves for downward-moving gamma rays at high altitudes and are negligible compared with downward-moving gamma rays at lower altitudes and upward-moving gamma rays at all altitudes.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 84; Sept. 1
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  • 5
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    Observation of gamma-ray bursts from 10 keV to 9 MeV (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Time histories and count-rate spectra of some of the gamma-ray bursts detected by the spectrometer on the Solar Maximum Mission between Feb. 20, 1980, and May 1981 are presented. Individual peaks observed in some of the bursts are found to differ significantly in hardness from one another. The similarity in the time profiles in the different energy bands is seen as suggesting that photons spanning two decades in energy are produced by the same mechanism. It is noted that all of the bursts are detected to energies greater than approximately 1 MeV. Two of the spectra presented are seen as being well fit by single power laws; the indices, however, are strikingly different. The other two sepctra require either two power laws or an exponential function. No clear evidence is found for the existence of narrow line features in any of the bursts.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Gamma ray transients and related astrophysical phenomena; Workshop; Aug 05, 1981 - Aug 08, 1981; La Jolla, CA
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  • 6
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    Cosmic diffuse gamma-rays at medium energies (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Cosmic diffuse gamma-ray fluxes have been measured in six energy intervals from 2 to 25 MeV with a balloon-borne gamma-ray telescope. It is found that the observed fluxes are compatible with an energy distribution of 0.0265 times E to the -2.08 (photon/sq cm-s-sr-MeV) at lower energies and steepen at higher energies to meet a power law of 0.017 (E/MeV) to the -2.4. No deviation of the gamma-ray flux from isotropy is observed for five different times during the balloon flight for 10-deg intervals up to 50 deg from the zenith and at celestial coordinates varying from latitude -27 deg, longitude 102 deg to latitude 56 deg, longitude 195 deg, excluding the region in the galactic-anticenter direction. Upper limits to fluxes of 3-25-MeV gamma rays are deduced for a number of possible galactic and extragalactic sources.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: International Cosmic Ray Conference; Aug 13, 1977 - Aug 26, 1977; Plovdiv; Bulgaria
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  • 7
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    Gamma-rays of 3 to 25 MeV from the galactic anti-center and pulsar NP 0532 (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Gamma-rays of 3 to 25 MeV are reported from the galactic anticenter region and the Crab Pulsar, NP 0532. The observations were carried out from Palestine, Texas, on May 13, 1975. Gamma-rays from the galactic anticenter were observed as the Crab Nebula passed overhead within 10 deg of the zenith. Pulsed gamma-rays from NP 0532 were observed at a 4.4-sigma significance level. The total flux from 3-25 MeV is 0.0049 + or - 0.002 photon/sq cm-sec. The pulsed flux from NP 0532 from 3 to 25 MeV is 0.00043 + or - 0.00026 photon/sq cm-sec. The ratio of the total to the pulsed flux from 3 to 25 MeV is 11 + or - 8.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: International Cosmic Ray Conference; Aug 13, 1977 - Aug 26, 1977; Plovdiv; Bulgaria
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